Chapter 6- Questions + Answers
What should you always do in RC?
Form a rough prep base of the correct answer
Purpose Questions are also known as
Function Questions
Which location questions are most vague?
Global Reference
Which location Reference is the most time consuming and why?
Global References because they refer to the passage as a whole and ask you to prove statements from it
The correct answer to a GR Purpose question will always agree with what?
The MP
In a concept reference that must be true, return to which areas?
The areas that are mentioned in the question stem
Cannot Be True questions often appear with...
The modifier "Least"
In a specific reference question that must be true, mainly consider
The paragraph in question
Parallel Reasoning questions are very
Time consuming
True/False: Just because a fact or idea is not mentioned in the passage is not grounds for dismissing an answer choice to a Weaken Question
True
Reverse Weaken Questions ask you to
Use the information provided in the stimulus to attack 1 of the answers
Perspective is
Viewpoint and tone
The 4 incorrect answers to a "Weaken except" Question
Weaken the argument
Hidden Reference
When you're sent to a certain location in a passage (through a SR question) but the information needed to answer the question is somewhere else in the passage
Shell Game
an idea or concept is raised in the passage, and then a very similar idea appears in the answer choice, but the idea is changed just enough to be incorrect but still attractive.
Cannot Be True questions are (obviously) not ________ Questions
Must be True
Out of Scope Answers are
Tangential and support issues unrelated to the argument
To determine why the author used a word/idea refer to
- Context Clues - Viewpoints - Structure of the passage
Pre or post passage sentences depend on...
The 2-3 sentences at the beginning or end of a passage
Words that indicate you're weakening the argument
- weaken - attack - undermine - refute - argue against - call into question - cast doubt - challenge - damage - counter
Perspective questions are considered what kind of questions? Why?
Must Be True questions because the correct answer directly follows from the statements within the passage
The 3 things Expansion Questions ask you to determine is
- where the passage was drawn from or what it could be titled - what sentence/idea could come before the passage - what sentence/idea could come after the passage
MP Must Be True questions mainly do 2 things
1. Ascertain MPs 2. Summarize central points of the passage
If you're stuck between 2 answer choices to a parallel Reasoning question, you should compare these 4 elements
1. Intent of the author or group 2. Force/Use of Premises 3. Relationship of Premises to the conclusion 4. Soundness of the argument
Global Reference Must Be True questions are normally 3 kinds
1. MP 2. Purpose 3. Organization
The correct answer to Must Be True questions CAN be
1. Paraphrase of part of the passage 2. a logical consequence of one or more parts of the passage
Each answer choice to a Parallel Reasoning Question is
A whole new argument
The correct answer to a GR Purpose question is often an...
Abstract version of MP
The correct answer to a Strengthen Question is NOT
An assumption of the argument
Expansion questions require you to
Extrapolate ideas from the passage
Specific and Conceptual Purpose Questions:
Ask why the author referred to a particular word/phrase idea
Must Be True/Most Supported questions
Ask you to identify the answer choice that is best proven or "Most Supported" by the information in the passage
Weaken questions ask you to...
Attack/undermine the author's argument
Principle
Broad rule that specified what actions or judgments are correct in certain situations
The presence of a principle indicator serves to
Broaden the scope of be question
Rephrase "could be true except"
Cannot Be True
Principle questions are usually _______ in nature
Conditional
Reverse Answer
Contains familiar elements from the passage but rearranges those elements to create a new, unsupported statement.
Synonyms will be used in the ________ answer choice
Correct! Don't bypass it
Exaggerated Answers are basically a
Could be True answer because what's exaggerated is possible but not proven based on the passage's information
Polar Opposite Must Be True questions ask you to
Disprove an answer choice
The correct answer to a "Weaken except" question
Doesn't weaken the argument - could Strengthen the argument - could have no effect at all on the argument
Uniqueness Rule of Answer Choices
Every answer correct answer has a unique logical quality that meets the criteria in the question stem and each incorrect answer choice has the opposite logical quality
When "least" appears in the question stem, treat it the same as
Except
MP questions are a variant of
Must Be True questions
The correct answer to Strengthen Questions
Helps the argument in some way
A could be true/likely to be true is an ___________ answer choice to a Must Be True question.
INCORRECT
Concept References direct you to...
Ideas or themes
Cannot Be True questions ask you to...
Identify the answer choice that cannot be true or is most weaned based on the information in the stimulus
Parallel questions ask you to...
Identify the answer choice that contains reasoning most similar in structure to the reasoning presented in the stimulus
Strengthen questions ask you to...
Identify the answer choice that provides support for the author's argument or strengthens it in some way
If an organization question does reference specific lines, what is it asking you to do?
Identify the way in which the pairs of lines relate to each other.
Least used anywhere else other than the question stem means
In the lowest or smallest degree
An answer to a MP question that repeats a part of the passage but not the MP is
Incorrect
In order to recognize the MP quickly among answer choices
Isolate the author's main conclusion
When you're approaching weaken questions always
Isolate/assess the position you're atracking
Exaggerated Answers are incorrect because
Its statement is not supported by the passage
How do you Strengthen an argument?
Look for weaknesses in an argument The correct answer is one that eliminates that weakness
Questions about title/source of the passage typically reflect which element?
MP
What kind of question is often first?
MP Question
In reading comprehension, a valid or proper inference is something that...
MUST be true
Which question stems are very consistent?
Main Point
Parallel Reasoning questions are not _______ Questions
Must Be True
Strengthen questions are not __________ questions
Must Be True
Weaken questions are not _________ questions
Must Be True
Incorrect answers to Global Reference Questions usually refer to
Only part of the overall attitude/passage, needs to reference the whole attitude/passage
Except means
Other than
What are the 2 types of answer choices that will always be correct to a Must Be True question?
Paraphrased Answers (restate a portion of the passage) Combination Answers (sum of 2 or more passage statements)
Location Element
Part of every question stem that provides insight as to where in the passage you should search for the correct answer
Many Must Be True questions ask you to...
Perform a specific action
Subject
Person or group discussed in a passage
The question: "To which of the following questions does the passage most clearly provide an answer?" Cannot be....
Prephased for an answer because there's not sufficient information to pre-form an opinion
The Fact Test is
Proof from the passage that supports your answer choice
Cannot Be True questions ask you to
Prove that one of the answer choices cannot occur or that it disagrees with the passage
The correct answer to Strengthen Questions does NOT
Prove the argument
When except is being used in the question stem you should
Rephrase the question stem!
3 categories of Location
Specific Reference (SR) Concept Reference (CR) Global Reference (GR)
Organization questions don't usually refer to...
Specific lines. Instead, organization questions usually refer to specific paragraphs or the passage as a whole
If you encounter a Specific Reference question, you should...
Start reading 3-5 lines above the reference (or the natural starting point like the beginning of the paragraph)
True/False: Weaken can questions bring in new information.
TRUE
In a Must Be True Principle Question or a Parallel Reasoning Principle Question you must...
Take a broad, global proposition & apply it in a specific manner to the answer choices
In a Strengthen Principle Question or a Weaken Principle Question you must...
Take a broad, global proposition & apply it in a specific manner to the passage
