Chapter 6- Questions + Answers

What should you always do in RC?

Form a rough prep base of the correct answer

Purpose Questions are also known as

Function Questions

Which location questions are most vague?

Global Reference

Which location Reference is the most time consuming and why?

Global References because they refer to the passage as a whole and ask you to prove statements from it

The correct answer to a GR Purpose question will always agree with what?

The MP

In a concept reference that must be true, return to which areas?

The areas that are mentioned in the question stem

Cannot Be True questions often appear with...

The modifier "Least"

In a specific reference question that must be true, mainly consider

The paragraph in question

Parallel Reasoning questions are very

Time consuming

True/False: Just because a fact or idea is not mentioned in the passage is not grounds for dismissing an answer choice to a Weaken Question

True

Reverse Weaken Questions ask you to

Use the information provided in the stimulus to attack 1 of the answers

Perspective is

Viewpoint and tone

The 4 incorrect answers to a "Weaken except" Question

Weaken the argument

Hidden Reference

When you're sent to a certain location in a passage (through a SR question) but the information needed to answer the question is somewhere else in the passage

Shell Game

an idea or concept is raised in the passage, and then a very similar idea appears in the answer choice, but the idea is changed just enough to be incorrect but still attractive.

Cannot Be True questions are (obviously) not ________ Questions

Must be True

Out of Scope Answers are

Tangential and support issues unrelated to the argument

To determine why the author used a word/idea refer to

- Context Clues - Viewpoints - Structure of the passage

Pre or post passage sentences depend on...

The 2-3 sentences at the beginning or end of a passage

Words that indicate you're weakening the argument

- weaken - attack - undermine - refute - argue against - call into question - cast doubt - challenge - damage - counter

Perspective questions are considered what kind of questions? Why?

Must Be True questions because the correct answer directly follows from the statements within the passage

The 3 things Expansion Questions ask you to determine is

- where the passage was drawn from or what it could be titled - what sentence/idea could come before the passage - what sentence/idea could come after the passage

MP Must Be True questions mainly do 2 things

1. Ascertain MPs 2. Summarize central points of the passage

If you're stuck between 2 answer choices to a parallel Reasoning question, you should compare these 4 elements

1. Intent of the author or group 2. Force/Use of Premises 3. Relationship of Premises to the conclusion 4. Soundness of the argument

Global Reference Must Be True questions are normally 3 kinds

1. MP 2. Purpose 3. Organization

The correct answer to Must Be True questions CAN be

1. Paraphrase of part of the passage 2. a logical consequence of one or more parts of the passage

Each answer choice to a Parallel Reasoning Question is

A whole new argument

The correct answer to a GR Purpose question is often an...

Abstract version of MP

The correct answer to a Strengthen Question is NOT

An assumption of the argument

Expansion questions require you to

Extrapolate ideas from the passage

Specific and Conceptual Purpose Questions:

Ask why the author referred to a particular word/phrase idea

Must Be True/Most Supported questions

Ask you to identify the answer choice that is best proven or "Most Supported" by the information in the passage

Weaken questions ask you to...

Attack/undermine the author's argument

Principle

Broad rule that specified what actions or judgments are correct in certain situations

The presence of a principle indicator serves to

Broaden the scope of be question

Rephrase "could be true except"

Cannot Be True

Principle questions are usually _______ in nature

Conditional

Reverse Answer

Contains familiar elements from the passage but rearranges those elements to create a new, unsupported statement.

Synonyms will be used in the ________ answer choice

Correct! Don't bypass it

Exaggerated Answers are basically a

Could be True answer because what's exaggerated is possible but not proven based on the passage's information

Polar Opposite Must Be True questions ask you to

Disprove an answer choice

The correct answer to a "Weaken except" question

Doesn't weaken the argument - could Strengthen the argument - could have no effect at all on the argument

Uniqueness Rule of Answer Choices

Every answer correct answer has a unique logical quality that meets the criteria in the question stem and each incorrect answer choice has the opposite logical quality

When "least" appears in the question stem, treat it the same as

Except

MP questions are a variant of

Must Be True questions

The correct answer to Strengthen Questions

Helps the argument in some way

A could be true/likely to be true is an ___________ answer choice to a Must Be True question.

INCORRECT

Concept References direct you to...

Ideas or themes

Cannot Be True questions ask you to...

Identify the answer choice that cannot be true or is most weaned based on the information in the stimulus

Parallel questions ask you to...

Identify the answer choice that contains reasoning most similar in structure to the reasoning presented in the stimulus

Strengthen questions ask you to...

Identify the answer choice that provides support for the author's argument or strengthens it in some way

If an organization question does reference specific lines, what is it asking you to do?

Identify the way in which the pairs of lines relate to each other.

Least used anywhere else other than the question stem means

In the lowest or smallest degree

An answer to a MP question that repeats a part of the passage but not the MP is

Incorrect

In order to recognize the MP quickly among answer choices

Isolate the author's main conclusion

When you're approaching weaken questions always

Isolate/assess the position you're atracking

Exaggerated Answers are incorrect because

Its statement is not supported by the passage

How do you Strengthen an argument?

Look for weaknesses in an argument The correct answer is one that eliminates that weakness

Questions about title/source of the passage typically reflect which element?

MP

What kind of question is often first?

MP Question

In reading comprehension, a valid or proper inference is something that...

MUST be true

Which question stems are very consistent?

Main Point

Parallel Reasoning questions are not _______ Questions

Must Be True

Strengthen questions are not __________ questions

Must Be True

Weaken questions are not _________ questions

Must Be True

Incorrect answers to Global Reference Questions usually refer to

Only part of the overall attitude/passage, needs to reference the whole attitude/passage

Except means

Other than

What are the 2 types of answer choices that will always be correct to a Must Be True question?

Paraphrased Answers (restate a portion of the passage) Combination Answers (sum of 2 or more passage statements)

Location Element

Part of every question stem that provides insight as to where in the passage you should search for the correct answer

Many Must Be True questions ask you to...

Perform a specific action

Subject

Person or group discussed in a passage

The question: "To which of the following questions does the passage most clearly provide an answer?" Cannot be....

Prephased for an answer because there's not sufficient information to pre-form an opinion

The Fact Test is

Proof from the passage that supports your answer choice

Cannot Be True questions ask you to

Prove that one of the answer choices cannot occur or that it disagrees with the passage

The correct answer to Strengthen Questions does NOT

Prove the argument

When except is being used in the question stem you should

Rephrase the question stem!

3 categories of Location

Specific Reference (SR) Concept Reference (CR) Global Reference (GR)

Organization questions don't usually refer to...

Specific lines. Instead, organization questions usually refer to specific paragraphs or the passage as a whole

If you encounter a Specific Reference question, you should...

Start reading 3-5 lines above the reference (or the natural starting point like the beginning of the paragraph)

True/False: Weaken can questions bring in new information.

TRUE

In a Must Be True Principle Question or a Parallel Reasoning Principle Question you must...

Take a broad, global proposition & apply it in a specific manner to the answer choices

In a Strengthen Principle Question or a Weaken Principle Question you must...

Take a broad, global proposition & apply it in a specific manner to the passage