Chapter 7 Axial skeleton
Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.
3-5
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
5
The cranial sutures begin to form at about what age?
5
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
Atlas
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no"
Atlas - axis
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
Axis
Identify the tailbone.
Coccyx
Identify the region of the coxal bone that articulates with the sacrum.
Ilium
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".
Occipital bone - atlas
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.
Occipital condyles
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis
Sacrum
The orbital rim is strong, composed of thick, protective bone. But the very thin medial wall and floor of the orbit were literally blown out by the intact eyeball itself when the boxer was struck with such a forceful blow. Which bones compose the orbital rim?
The maxilla and zygomatic bone both articulate with the frontal bone to form the orbital rim.
Surrounding the orbits are the four paranasal sinuses. What are these structures?
The paranasal sinuses are air-filled chambers lined with mucus-producing epithelium that open into the nasal cavities.
When fontanelles close prematurely, the skull shape becomes distorted. This condition is known as craniostenosis. If the anterior fontanelle closes prematurely, which of the following sutures is most likely involved?
coronal suture
Sinusitis, an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, is brought on by a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection. The most commonly affected paranasal sinuses are the most inferior ones, which are called __________.
maxillary sinuses
The axial skeleton provides an extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles that __________.
perform respiration move the head position the appendicular skeleton perform all of these functions
While skateboarding, a young person suffered a fracture of the nose that resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones or bone markings is most likely attended to during corrective surgery following this accident?
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
The maxilla also frequently sustains fractures from blunt trauma to the face. Which structures support and house the upper teeth in this bone?
the alveolar process
The young boxer has sustained a "blowout" fracture of his left orbital complex. The orbit that contains the eye is formed by seven facial bones. Which skull bone forms the roof of the orbit?
the frontal bone