Chapter 7 Nutrition Book Questions

Math the following BMI categories to their classifications. *Categories:* 1) 18.5-24.9 2) 25.0-29.9 3) Greater or equal to 30 4) Less than 18.5 *Classifications* 1) Healthy weight 2) Obesity 3)Underweight 4)Overweight

1) 18.5-24.9 ---> Healthy Weight 2) 25.0-29.9 ---> Overweight 3) Greater or equal to 30 ---> Obesity 4) Less than 18.5 ---> Underweight

The amount and location of ______ in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk. 1) Adipose tissue 2) Muscle tissue 3) Glycogen 4) Bone

1) Adipose tissue

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would 1) Also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake 2) Focus solely on calorie restriction 3) Also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise 4) Incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity per day

1) Also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake 3) Also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise 4) Incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity per day

Choose the selection criteria used to evaluate patients prior to bariatric surgery. 1) BMI >40 2) Inability to exercise from lack of motivation 3) Obesity for 5 years with failure at weight loss 4) No history of alcoholism or psychiatric disorders 5) Educated, motivated, and compliant patient

1) BMI >40 3) Obesity for 5 years with failure at weight loss 4) No history of alcoholism or psychiatric disorders 5) Educated, motivated, and compliant patient

Direct calorimetry measures the amount of 1) Body heat released by a person 2) Sweat, tears, and urine voided by a person 3) Energy released by a person during rest 4) Calories associated with the food eaten

1) Body heat released by a person

The benefits of physical activity include: 1) Boosting self esteem 2) Helping maintain lower body weight 3) Spot reductions in problem areas 4) Helping a person stay physically fit 5) Helping with weight loss

1) Boosting self esteem 2) Helping maintain lower body weight 4) Helping a person stay physically fit 5) Helping with weight loss

Benefits of physical activity include 1) Helping with weight loss 2) Boosting self-esteem 3) Helping a person stay physically fit 4) Reductions in bone mass 5) Helping to maintain lower body weight

1) Helping with weight loss 2) Boosting self-esteem 3) Helping a person stay physically fit 5) Helping to maintain lower body weight

Select the most reliable treatments for the condition of overweight or obesity. 1) Increased physical activity 2) Weight-loss supplements 3) Decreased calorie intake 4) Behavior modification

1) Increased physical activity 3) Decreased calorie intake 4) Behavior modification

Order the following steps of the procedure for measuring direct calorimetry from the initial step (top of the list) onward. 1) Body heat of a person in the insulated chamber raises temperature of the water surrounding the chamber 2) Difference between initial and final water temperature is used to determine energy expenditure 3) Initial temperature of a layer of water surrounding an insulated chamber is measured

1) Initial temperature of a layer of water surrounding an insulated chamber is measured 2) Body heat of a person in the insulated chamber raises temperature of the water surrounding the chamber 3) Difference between initial and final water temperature is used to determined energy expenditure

The factors that help one to maintain an appropriate height/weight value include which of these? 1) Learning to follow the body's hunger cues 2) Eating a favorite meal every day 3) Remaining physically active 4) Regularly eating a healthy diet

1) Learning to follow the body's hunger cues 3) Remaining physically active 4) Regularly eating a healthy diet

Which of the following are true statements about novelty diets? 1) Leaving out entire food groups can lead to nutrient deficiencies 2) They incorporate moderate calorie restriction, exercise, and behavior modification 3) They result in sustainable weight loss 4) They promote weight cycling

1) Leaving out entire food groups can lead to nutrient deficiencies 4) They promote weight cycling

A behavioral strategy that involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience- from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body- is called 1) Mindful eating 2) Cognitive Restructuring 3) Stimulus Control 4) Self-monitoring

1) Mindful eating

Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include: 1) Modifying problem behaviors 2) Engaging in regular physical activity 3) Controlling calorie intake 4) Purchasing specially-formulated dietetic foods

1) Modifying problem behaviors 2) Engaging in regular physical activity 3) Controlling calorie intake

When energy input is less than energy output, the person is in _____ energy balance. 1) Negative 2) Positive

1) Negative

Choose the selection criteria used to evaluate patients prior to bariatric surgery 1) Obesity for 5 years with failure at weight loss 2) No history of alcoholism or psychiatric disorder 3) BMI >40 4) Educated, motivated, and compliant patient 5) Inability to exercise from lack of motivation

1) Obesity for 5 years with failure at weight loss 2) No history of alcoholism or psychiatric disorder 3) BMI >40 4) Educated, motivated, and compliant patient

Positive energy balance is normal and healthy during 1) Pregnancy 2) Infancy 3) Childhood 4) Adulthood

1) Pregnancy 2) Infancy 3) Childhood

Rank the macronutrients in order of the energy needed from the thermic effect to food, from highest TEF (at the top) to lowest TEF (at the bottom). 1) Fat 2)Protein 3)Carbohydrates

1) Protein 2) Carbohydrates 3) Fat

Rank the following activities in order of calorie cost, placing the activity that burns the highest kcal/kg/hour at the top of the list. 1) Vigorous basketball playing 2) Bowling 3) Diving 4) Running/Jogging 10 MPH

1) Running/Jogging 10 MPH 2) Vigorous basketball playing 3) Bowling 4) Diving

Foods that are high in fiber and water promote 1) Satiety 2) Hunger

1) Satiety

Bioelectric impedance is used to estimate body fat content by _______. 1) Sending a painless, low-energy electrical current through the body and measuring the resistance to the electrical flow 2) Measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide from respiration during rest 3) Determining the difference in body weight on land and body weight in water along with the standard densities of fat and muscle tissue 4) Measuring the density of the fat and bone

1) Sending a painless, low-energy electrical current through the body and measuring the resistance to the electrical flow

Match the following activities to their calorie cost (kcal/kg/hour). *Activities:* 1) Sleeping 2) Driving 3) Vigorous basketball playing 4) Running @ 10 MPH *Calorie Cost:* 1) 897 kcal/kg/hour 2) 680 kcal/kg/hour 3) 117 kcal/kg/hour 4) 80 kcal/kg/hour

1) Sleeping ---> 80 kcal/kg/hour 2) Driving ---> 117 kcal/kg/hour 3) Vigorous basketball playing ---> 680 kcal/kg/hour 4) Running @ 10 MPH ---> 897 kcal/kg/hour

Which factors contribute to weight gain during adulthood? 1) Slower metabolic rate 2) Limited physical activity 3) Excess food intake 4) Smoking

1) Slower metabolic rate 2) Limited physical activity 3) Excess food intake

Negative energy balance leads to 1) Weight loss 2) Weight gain

1) Weight loss

The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)^2 is the _____. 1) BIA 2) BMI 3) EER 4) LBM

2) BMI

The method used to estimate total body fat that uses a low-energy electrical current is known as 1) Biological impedance 2) Bioelectrical impedance 3) Electrical current resistance 4) Electrical displacement method

2) Bioelectrical impedance

The energy required for the thermic effect of foods is due to the ____ of nutrients. 1) Temperature 2) Digestion 3) Processing 4) Absorption

2) Digestion 3) Processing 4) Absorption

The components of the weight-loss triad include 1) Consuming a low-carbohydrate diet 2) Engaging in positive behaviors 3) Controlling caloric intake 4) Performing regular physical activity

2) Engaging in positive behaviors 3) Controlling caloric intake 4) Performing regular physical activity

The benefits of physical activity on body composition and metabolic rate include 1) Increased fat mass 2) Increased lean muscle mass 3) Decreased metabolic rate 4) Increased bone density 5) Increased metabolic rate 6) Decreased fat mass

2) Increased lean muscle mass 4) Increased bone density 5) Increased metabolic rate 6) Decreased fat mass

Identify the health risks that are caused by fat storage in abdominal adipose cells. 1) Decreases blood clothing 2) Increases inflammation 3) Increases blood vessel restriction 4) Increases insulin resistance

2) Increases inflammation 3) Increases blood vessel restriction 4) Increases insulin resistance

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be 1) A quick fix 2) Long term 3) A lifestyle change 4) Through dietary supplements

2) Long term 3) A lifestyle change

In order to lose weight, energy balance must be 1) Positive 2) Negative

2) Negative

Novelty diets that exclude a food group or include only one or two foods are based on _______. 1) International research 2) No scientific merit 3) Peer reviewed studies 4) Rigorous research and study

2) No scientific merit

______ slows muscle loss that comes with dieting and aging. 1) Fasting 2) Strength training 3) Interval training 4) Aerobic training

2) Strength training

Other considerations for bariatric surgery in addition to patient selection criteria include 1) Increased energy requirements after surgery 2) Surgical expenses might not be covered by medical insurance 3) Follow-up surgery may be needed to correct stretched skin 4) The need to plan small frequent meals after surgery

2) Surgical expenses might not be covered by medical insurance 3) Follow-up surgery may be needed to correct stretched skin 4) The need to plan small frequent meals after surgery

Rapid weight loss at the beginning of a weight loss program is a result of 1) Fat mass depletion 2) Water loss 3) Increased basal metabolic rate 4) Lean muscle mass depletion

2) Water loss 4) Lean muscle mass depletion

How much does physical activity increase energy expenditure beyond basal metabolism? 1) 50-75% 2) 10-15% 3) 15-35% 4) 35-50%

3) 15-35%

The Set Point Theory often refers to the close regulation of 1) Lean mass 2) Body stature 3) Body weight 4) Food intake

3) Body weight

Positive energy balance occurs when energy input is _____ energy output. 1) Less than 2) The same as 3) Greater than

3) Greater than

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is _______ basal metabolic rate (BMR). 1) Lower than 2) Equivalent to 3) Higher than

3) Higher than

Weight loss gimmicks come and go and are likely to resurface again. The best way to feel confident about a weight loss program is to look for ______. 1) Numerous anecdotal reports from celebrities 2) A reputable company adopting the direct to make money 3) Its analysis in a peer-reviewed journal

3) Its analysis in a peer-reviewed journal

Angela weighs 61 kg and is 1.6 meters tall. Calculate her BMI, rounding to the nearest whole number. BMI= kg/m^2 1) 38 2) 38 3) 34 4) 24

4) 24

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______. 1) Submerged weighing method 2) Air displacement method 3) Total volume measurement 4) Hydrostatic weighing. (Underwater weighing)

4) Hydrostatic weighing. (Underwater weighing)

What device is used to monitor activity and steps? 1) Flexometer 2) Goniometer 3) BIA 4) Pedometer

4) Pedometer

Upper-body obesity is diagnosed in males when the waist circumference exceeds _____ inches.

40

Cognitive Restructuring

Changes our frame of mind

True or False: Direct calorimetry measures oxygen consumption while indirect calorimetry measures the heat released by the body.

False

True or False: Pregnancy would be a time when a person should be sure to maintain a negative energy balance.

False

Increases in lean body mass will _______ basal metabolic rate. 1) Not affect 2) Increase 3) Decrease

Increase

Orlistat partially blocks fat digestion and subsequent absorption. Name the fat-digesting enzyme that is inhibited by orlistat.

Lipase

The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis of _______, now considered an epidemic in the United States.

Obesity

Contingency Management

Prepares one for situations that may trigger overeating

Stimulus Control

Puts us in charge of temptations

The ______ metabolic rate is calculated instead of a basal metabolic rate if the individual has not fasted and/or not rested for 12 hours prior to the test.

Resting

Self-monitoring

Reveals patterns of unconscious overeating

Chain-breaking

Separates behaviors that tend to occur together

The use of a pedometer to monitor activity enables the achievement of the recommended goal of 10,000 ______ per day.

Steps

True or False: A weight-loss program that promises a rapid weight loss is unreliable.

True

True or False: The weight gain that typically occurs during adulthood is a result of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure.

True