Chapter 9 Questions

Parties respond to interest groups when they threaten to do what?

Withdraw their support or start their own party organizations

What is a primary election?

in which voters determine the party's choice to run in the next stage.

Which amendment allowed for the direct election of senators?

17th

What is a party platform?

A document that lays out the party's core beliefs and policy proposals.

What is a political party?

A group of individuals who join together to choose candidates for elected office.

What is the Pendleton Act?

Act that established a merit- and performance- based system for federal employment

What is the most loyal group to the Democratic Party?

African Americans

What is a party identification?

An attachment or allegiance to a political party.

What are some ways that the major parties restrict third party access?

Challenging signatures for ballot access in court to preventing them from participating in presidential debates.

What were some acts that were signed into law under LBJ?

Civil Rights, Voting Rights, Department of Housing and Urban Development and Fair Housing Act

What are delegates and how do they relate to presidential primaries?

Delegates are supporters the nominee at the party's national nominating convention

What party did Jefferson try to transform into a viable, long-term party?

Democratic- Republican Party

Which two parties dominated American politics from 1832 - 1856?

Democrats and the Whigs

What did V.O. Key mean by the term "party in the electorate"?

Describe general patterns of voter's party identification and their behavior on election day.

What is a single member plurality system?

Electoral system that assigns one seat in a legislative body to represent citizens who live in a defined area based on which candidate wins the most votes.

James Madison viewed political parties as_____________.

Factions

How do political parties hold government accountable?

Filling an essential need by shaping the choices that the voters face in elections.

What is the medium voter theorem?

In a two party race, if voters select candidates on the basis of ideology and everyone participates equally, the party closer to the middle will win

What is a general election?

In which voters choose their elected officials

How did changing the location of the nomination process from Congress to the states affect the number of people getting involved in the decision about who may run for president?

It enlarged the number of people involved.

How does a party in the electorate relate to a party in government?

It translates any political party into one solid major party.

Who was the African American delegate for the Democratic party that increased the participation of minorities?

Jesse Jackson

What is party realignment?

Long term shift in voter allegiance from one party to another

What is a winner take all system?

Means that whoever won the majority of primary or state nominating convention votes would win the entire state's delegates

The Tea Party's views were more ______________ than the Republicans.

Moderately Conservative

What are at the top of the party organization?

National Committees

What is the broadest and most open gateway to participation offered to the American people?

No membership fee for political parties.

What is a semi-closed primary?

One in which party affiliated voters cast votes in their party's primary

What is a closed primary?

One in which voters must affiliate with a party before casting a vote

When voters identify with a party in repeated elections, it is referred to as _______________.

Party alignment

What is a caucus in relating to a presidential nominee?

Party members meet in town halls, schools, and private homes to select a presidential nominee

What is the difference between a majority vote and a plurality vote?

Plurality is when the winner gets more votes than the other candidate. Majority is when the winner gets 50% plus 1 of casted votes

How do parties use the patronage system?

Politicians would arrange jobs and would win votes by doing so.

In 1912, Teddy Roosevelt ran for president under what political party?

Progressive Party

What is typically required to register to vote?

Proof of identity and address.

What are the primary jobs of the congressional party committee?

Raising money for incumbent House and Senate members and trying to get people for that party

Who ran on the Green Party ticket in 2000?

Ralph Nader

Who defeated Jimmy Carter in 1980?

Regan

When political parties offer voters a clear choice through a distinct range of policies and programs, they are acting as _______________.

Responsible Parties

What third party candidate in 1992 forced the major candidates to address the federal deficit?

Ross Prot

What was the ruling in California v. Jones?

Ruled that blanket cases were unconstitutional

How did Clinton change the Democrat's platform in 1992?

Running a campaign that advocated dropping opposition to the death penalty, facilitating free trade, and promising a middle-class tax cut

What is a party platform?

Set of consistent political views

In 2013, the Democrats favored __________ gun control.

Stricter

FDR's new government programs were referred to as the _________________.

The New Deal

The erosion of party organizations' control over government jobs and elections can be attributed to _________________.

The creation of merit-based system of government employment, the introduction of ballot reforms, and a change in the way nominees for elected office were selected.

Third parties have existed in American politics since ____________.

The early nineteenth century

What is a proportional representation system?

The number of delegates that a candidate receives is based on the percentage of the voters received In the primary or caucus.

What was the initial view of political parties in the US?

They weren't intended to be part of the original fabric of the political system.

What is the main purpose of a political party?

To win elections in order to control governmental power and implement its policies.

What was Clinton's misstep that set the stage for a Republican Party resurgence?

Veering away from core issues such as the middle-class tax cut and economic growth to address socially liberal policies on abortion and gays in military

What is a blanket primary?

Voters are given the ballots from all parties and allowed to cast for any party's candidates as long as they only cast one vote per elective office.

What is the Australian ballot?

Voting system in which state government run elections and provide voters the option of choosing candidates from multiple parties.