Chapter Ten Economic Development and Change p.314-329
How much more energy is used by industrialized countries compared to developing countries?
10 times more
Around what of percentage of sub-Saharan children do not live to their fifth birthday?
14%
Approximately how many billion people are undernourished?
2 billion
How many calories is considered the minimum necessary daily consumption level?
2,350 calories
How many estimated people lack basic sanitation?
2.6 billion
Around what of percentage of practicing physicians in the U.S are from abroad?
25%
Around what of percentage of infant and child deaths in developing countries are preventable?
90%
According to figure 10.12, what two countries in Asia have the lowest percentage of population with access to safe drinking water?
Afghanistan, Papua New Guinea
In what 4 areas is the informal economy vital to the livelihoods of many workers?
Africa, Asia, Latin America & the Caribbean
According to Figure 10.11, what two countries in Asia have the lowest Adult literacy rate?
Bangladesh, (Dhaka, Iraq)
The process of growth, expansion, or realization of potential; bringing regional resources into full productive use:
Development
Urbanization, modernization, and improvement in levels of material production and consumption:
Development
What regions have made the most improvements in reducing hunger levels?
East Asia, Southwest Asia, Latin America
According to figure 10.12, what two countries in Africa have the highest percentage of population with access to safe drinking water?
Egypt, Botswana
What is the primary measure used by the World Bank to gauche economic performance?
GNI
What is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere?
Haiti
________________________ educational or income levels are usually associated with __________________ infant mortality, birth, and death rates.
Higher; lower
That part of a national economy that involved product labor not subject to formal systems of control or payment, such as taxation; economic activity or individual enterprise operating without official recognition or measured by official statistics:
Informal economy
According to figure 10.12, what two countries in the Western Hemisphere have the lowest percentage of population with access to safe drinking water?
Mauritania, Sierra Leone
What regions have seen an increase in chronically undernourished people?
Middle East, South Asia, & Sub-Saharan Africa
What does NIC stand for?
Newly Industrializing Countries
Is GNI per capita a good indicator of income distribution within a country?
No
Looking at Figure 10.9, what 4 countries have the lowest percentage of children under 5 that are malnourished?
North America, South America, Australia, & Europe
According to Figure 10.8 what 6 countries in Asia has a greater than 60% of the workforce engaged in agriculture?
Papua New Guinea, Laos, Cambodia, Nepal, Afghanistan, (Burma, Myanmar)
______________________ consumption is common measure of advancement because it correlated with income, industrialization and us of advanced technology.
Per capita energy
According to Figure 10.2, what Brazilian city generates over one-third of the national income?
Sao Paulo
Looking at figure 10.15, What part of sub-Saharan Africa has the highest AIDS prevalence?
South Africa
In what region are half the world's undernourished children found?
South Asia
What 3 regions have a severs shortage of doctors?
Sub-Saharan African, Central American, & South Asian countries
A level of economic and social achievement below what could be reached were necessary capital and technology available:
Underdevelopment
A high percentage of employment in _______________ is associated with underdevelopment?
agriculture
What sector have many development programs focused on commercializing?
agriculture
The loss of developing country's most educated citizens as they emigrate in search of better educational and career opportunities in developed countries:
brain drain
How does Japan acquire most of its energy?
by importing energy supplies abroad
What are the 3 chief killers in MDCs?
cancers, heart attacks, & strokes
What do many women in LDCs often spend hours a day doing that people in MDCs don't?
carry water for their families
What is believed to lower birth rates, improve family health practices, and extend life expectancy?
closing the gender gap
According to Table 10.1 has the absolute disparity between the North and South increased or decreased between 1960 and 2004?
decreased
What kind of diseases kills an estimated 1.4 million children each year?
diarrheal diseases
What increases vulnerability to infectious?
dietary insufficiencies
Discussions of development to begin with ______________________________.
economic measures
What causes many water-borne diarrheal diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever?
fecal contamination
What is the ultimate indicator of economic well-being?
food
Referes to the situation wherein every person has access to safe and nutritious food of sufficient quantity for an active and healthy lifestyle:
food security
The total value of goods and services produced per year at home or abroad by domestically-owned interests within a country:
gross national income (GNI)
What is animate energy?
human & animal labor
What are the 3 deadly dangerous types of diseases to youthful populations in LDCs?
infectious, respiratory, & parasitic diseases made more serious by malnutrition
The relationship between social economic and demographic variables is usually _________________________.
inverse
What 3 things are positive about traditional subsistence agriculture?
less damaging to the environment, preserves traditional ways of life, & meets the vital food needs of vulnerable poor households
When a labor force is primarily engaged in subsistence agriculture, what is there a limited amount of?
limited capital accumulation and national economic growth
What type of labor force is essential tot make advantage of advanced technology and to compete in the global economy?
literate, educated labor force
What is a more frequent outcome of poverty than famines?
long-term chronic undernourishment
Is East Europe low, middle, or high income?
middle
Is Latin America low, middle, or high income?
middle
Looking at figure 10.15, is malaria found more in the low, middle, or high latitudes?
middle
In what part of Europe is GNI per capita highest?
northwestern
Around how many people die of malaria every year?
one million
A measurement of a country's wealth that takes account of what money actually buys in the country:
purchasing power parity (PPP)
What are the two major causes of undernourishment?
rising food prices combined with poverty, rather than crop failures
There is a close relationship between economic and _______________ measures of development.
social
What are some solutions to malaria?
solutions combine insecticide-treated mosquito nets, insecticide spraying, & anti-malarial drugs
Like other national indicators, caloric intake figures must be viewed with _________________.
suspicion
In the modern world there is a widespread sharing of what 3 things?
technologies, organized forms, & cultural traits
The contrast between the technology available in developed core regions and the present in peripheral areas of underdevelopment:
technology gap
The diffusion to or acquisition by one culture or region of the technology possessed by another, usually more developed, society:
technology transfer
Where do trained health professionals in developing countries tend to congregate?
urban areas
In what part of a country are problems of water and sanitation most pronounced?
urban slums in rural areas
Do public schools in the LDCs have tuition?
yes