Chapters 30 and 31

The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the:

Diaphragm

Which of the following organs or structures does not reside within the mediastinum?

Lungs

the messentary is

a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the wall of the body

Compression injuries to the abdomen that occur during a motor vehicle crash are typically the result of

a poorly placed lap belt

A flail chest occurs when:

a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage.

Pneumothorax is defined as

accumulation of air in the pleural space

Subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that:

air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung

An open pneumothorax is:

an open chest wound through which air moves during breathing

when documenting a call involving a female patient who was sexually assaulted the emt should

avoid speculation and document only factual data

Patients with rib fractures will commonly:

breathe rapidly and shallowly.

The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at:

c3, c4, and c5

signs and symptoms of a tension pneumothorax include all of the following except

collapsed jugular veins

Hemoptysis is defined as:

coughing up blood

Difficulty breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured:

diaphragm

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause:

distention

Contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called:

guarding

A sign of kidney damage after blunt trauma is:

hematuria

Peritonitis usually occurs when:

hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity.

during your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen you notice bruising around the umbilicus this is a sign of

intra abdominal bleeding

A simple pneumothorax:

is commonly caused by blunt chest trauma.

which of the following statements regarding rebound tenderness is correct

it is often discovered when the patient is jarred or moved suddenly

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the:

liver

which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely when injured

liver

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy:

might decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart

When a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm:

might rise as high as the nipple line

If a person's tidal volume decreases, but his or her respiratory rate remains unchanged:

minute volume will decrease

If a patient with a chest injury only inhales small amounts of air per breath, he or she

must increase his or her respiratory rate to maintain adequate minute volume

A rapid, irregular pulse following blunt trauma to the chest is MOST suggestive of a:

myocardial contusion

When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen:

peritonitis might not develop for several hours

The ______ nerves supply the diaphragm

phrenic

Irritation or damage to the pleural surfaces that causes sharp chest pain during inhalation is called:

pleurisy

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine:

prompt transport to the hospital essential

early brusing following abdominal trauma often manifests as

red area of skin

A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:

requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation

The presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury:

should be assumed to be a sign of shock

When assessing a patient with a hemothorax you will most likely find

signs and symptoms of shock

all of the following hollow abdominal organs except

spleen

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma is correct

the absence of abdominal pain does not rule out intra abdominal bleeding

Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when:

the intercostal muscles contract

which of the following organs is at most risk for injury as the result of a pelvic fracture

urinary bladder