CIS 3060 -- Exam 1
What is a key characteristic of knowledge?
"new" Knowledge can be derived from "old" knowledge.
If one department chair—a professor—can chair only one department and one department can have only one department chair, then the entities PROFESSOR and DEPARTMENT exhibit a(n) _______ relationship.
1:1
The _______ relationship is the relational database norm.
1:M
From a structural point of view, 2NF is better than this.
1NF
Assume the following table definition and dependencies. In which normal form is this table? TABLE(A, B, C, D) A + B C, D C B
3NF
An ___ is the equivalent of a field in a file system.
Attribute
A(n) _______ key can be described as a superkey without unnecessary attributes.
Candidate
___ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.
Constraints
It produces a lower normal form
Denormalization
A noun in a business rule translates to an ____ in the data model .
Entity
An ___ is anything about which data are to be collected and stored.
Entity
An ___ represents a particular type of object in the real world.
Entity
Atomic attributes are attributes that can be further divided.
False
Converting a database format from 1NF to 2NF is a complex process.
False
Denormalization is a process for assigning attributes to entities.
False
Dependencies that are based on only a part of a composite primary key are called transitive dependencies.
False
Repeating groups must be eliminated by making sure that each column defines a single entity.
False
Codd's rule of _______ states that every value in a table is guaranteed to be accessible through a combination of table name, primary key value, and column name.
Guaranteed Access
Which data model contains the least semantics?
Hierarchial
The _______ is the real power behind the relational database, allowing the use of independent tables linked by common attributes.
JOIN
Students and Classes have a ___ relationship.
M:N
The _______ relationships can be implemented by creating a new entity in 1:M relationships with the original entities.
M:N
Which data model contains the most semantics?
Object-oriented
A ___ is bidirectional.
Relationship
A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a ___ in the data model.
Relationship
A table is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and it includes no partial dependencies.
True
All relational tables satisfy the 1NF requirements.
True
It is possible for a table in 2NF to exhibit transitive dependency, where one or more attributes may be functionally dependent on non-key attributes
True
Relational models view the data as part of a table or collection of tables in which all key values must be identified.
True
Repeating groups must be eliminated by making sure that each row defines a single entity.
True
Business Rules are derived from...
a detailed description of an organization's operations
In a relational table, each column has a specific range of values known as the _______ domain.
attribute
A ____ relationship exists when two entities are associated.
binary
PRODUCT yields all possible pairs of rows from two tables—also known as the _______ product.
cartesian
The relational operators have the property of _______; that is, the use of relational algebra operators on existing relations (tables) produces new relations.
closure
A ____ attribute can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes.
composite
The index key can have multiple attributes, this is called a(n) _______ index.
composite
A(n) ________ model is independent of both hardware and software.
conceptual
In an ideal (database design) world, the level of desired granularity is determined at the ________ design or at the requirements gathering phase
conceptual
The Chen model is especially useful to illustrate the database from a(n) ____ perspective.
conceptual
How is a derived attribute indicated in the Chen model?
dashed line
A(n) _______ provides a detailed description of all tables found within the user/designer-created database.
data dictionary
A diagram that depicts all dependencies found within a given table structure
dependency diagram
Attribute A determines attribute B (that is, B is functionally _______ on A) if all of the rows in the table that agree in value for attribute A also agree in value for attribute B.
dependent
Any attribute whose value determines other values within a row
determinant
The set of possible values for an attribute is a ____.
domain
It causes data redundancies of data on every row entry
duplication
Successful database design is, first and foremost, based on ____ requirements.
end-user
The ___ model was developed to allow designers to use a graphical tool to examine structures rather than describing them with text.
entity relationship
A(n) _______ links tables on the basis of an equality condition that compares specified columns of each table.
equijoin
If an entity can exist apart from one or more related entities, it is said to be ____-independent.
existence
What is the most common classification applied to a DBMS?
expected type and extent of use
To avoid nulls, some designers use special codes, known as _______, to indicate the absence of some value.
flags
In a real-world environment, we must strike a balance between design integrity and ________
flexibility
The proper use of _______ keys is crucial to controlling data redundancy.
foreign
Raw data must be properly ________ for storage, processing, and presentation.
formatted
Refers to the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table's row
granularity
Classes are organized as a class ________.
hierarchy
A(n) _______ is an orderly arrangement used to logically access rows in a table.
index
Wider access to well-managed data promotes a(n) ________ view of the organization's operations and a clearer view of the big picture.
integrated
In the relational model, _______ are important because they are used to ensure that each row in a table is uniquely identifiable.
keys
Human beings view data according to its ________ data format.
logical
What type of attribute cannot be created in a DBMS?
multivalued
A derived attribute ____.
need not be physically stored within the database
A process to help reduce the likelihood of data anomolies
normalization
The _______ joins are especially useful when you are trying to determine what value(s) in related tables cause(s) referential integrity problems.
outer
A dependency based on only a part of a composite primary key
partial dependancy
Any attribute that is at least part of a key
prime attribute
A relational operator that yields all possible pairs of rows from two tables is known as the ________ operator.
product
If the foreign key contains either matching values or nulls, the table that makes use of that foreign key is said to exhibit _______ integrity
referential
The logical view of the relational database is facilitated by the creation of data relationships based on a logical construct known as a(n) _______.
relation
It derives its name from the fact that a group of multiple entries of the same type can exist for any single key attribute occurrence
repeating group
In the Crow's Foot model, the composite entity is identified by the ________ relationship line between the parent and child entities.
solid
The Crow's Foot model depicts the strong (identifying) relationship with a ________ line between the entities
solid
Cardinality expresses ____ number of entity occurrences associated with one occurrence of the related entity.
the specific
A relationship name should be a(n) ____.
verb
