CIS Module 9 Terms
True
T/F - A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
driver (device driver)
a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device
Dock
contains icons used to run apps, display minimized windows, and access documents
user interface (UI)
controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
Windows (Mobile Edition)
developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on some smartphones
taskbar
displays app buttons for apps that are running
partitioning
divides a hard drive in separate logical storage areas that appear as distinct drives
automatic update
feature that regularly provides new features or corrections to the program
tiles
graphical objects that represent dynamic links to apps
mobile device management (MDM)
remotely controls smart phones and tablets, ensuring data security
thrashing
A condition of excessive paging in which the operating system becomes sluggish.
server operating system
A multiuser operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.
Linux
A popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system that runs on a variety of personal computers, servers, and devices.
device-dependent
A program is one that runs only on a specific type or make of computer or mobile device.
iOS (iPhone OS)
A proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for Apple's mobile devices
cross-platform application
An application that runs the same on multiple operating systems.
bug
An error in a program.
swap file
Area of the hard disk used for virtual memory
service pack
Free downloadable software updates provided by the software manufacturer to users who have registered and/or activated their software.
touch user interface
Graphical user interface designed for touch input
Fire OS
Linux-based operating system for Amazon Kindle tablets and Amazon Fire phones.
Macintosh operating system
Operating system for Apple's Macintosh computer.
real-time operating system (RTOS)
Operating system used by an embedded computer.
multipurpose operating systems
Operating systems that can function as both desktop and server operating systems.
device-independent
Operating systems that run on computers and mobile devices provided by a variety of manufacturers.
password
Private combination of characters associated with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources.
cold boot
Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely
memory resident
Remains in memory while the computer or mobile device is running
boot disk
Removable media, such as a CD or USB flash drive, that contains only the necessary operating system files required to start the computer.
buffer
Segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device.
False
T/F - An operating system must reside inside a computer or mobile device; that is, it cannot run from a USB flash drive or other external drives
False
T/F - An upward compatible application means it can recognize and work with applications written for an earlier version of the operating system
True
T/F - Each device connected to a computer requires its own specific driver
True
T/F - Hackers often look for ways to break into a computer or device using flaws in the operating system
False
T/F - Linux is proprietary software
True
T/F - Many of the first operating systems were device dependent and proprietary
True
T/F - Most operating systems today are multitasking
False
T/F - Most users today work with a command-line interface
True
T/F - Operating systems that function as both desktop and server operating systems sometimes are called multipurpose operating systems
True
T/F - The area of the hard drive used for virtual memory is called a swap file
False
T/F - The kernel is nonresident, which means it remains in memory while the computer or mobile device is running
mobile operating system
The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics.
platform
The operating system running on a computer is often called its ____ and is typically tied to a particular CPU. a. support c. intermediary b. platform d. driver
warm boot
The process of restarting the system while it's powered on.
sign in
To access resources on a network or computer.
user name
Unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user.
natural user interface (NUI)
Users interact with the software through ordinary, intuitive behavior
Firefox OS
a Linux-based open source operating system that runs on smartphones and tablets developed by Mozilla
Chrome OS
a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps
desktop operating system (stand-alone operating system)
a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
UNIX
a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories
virtual memory
a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
performance monitor
a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
bloatware
a program that uses an excessive amount of disk space
Operating System (OS)
a set of programs that coordinate all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware
Raspbian
a version of Linux built for Raspberry Pi
foreground
active program that is being used
virtual machine
an environment on a computer in which you can install and run an operating system and programs
Raspberry Pi
an inexpensive single-board computer designed primarily for use in schools and developing nations
Android
an open source, Linux-based mobile operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets
backward compatible
can recognize and work with apps written for an earlier version of the operating system
firmware
consists of ROM chips or flash memory chips that store permanent instructions
ribbon
consists of tabs, groups, and commands that provide access to tasks
print spooler
intercepts documents to be printed from the operating system and places them in the queue.
upward compatible
it may or may not run on new versions of the operating system
open source software
its code is provided for use, modification, and redistribution
queue
line
power management
monitors a laptop or mobile device's battery usage
macOS
multitasking operating system available for computers manufactured by Apple
status bar
presents information about the document, the progress of current tasks, and the status of certain commands; located at the bottom of the document window
proprietary software
privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer or device model
disk defragmenter
reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer's hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster
disk cleanup
searches for and removes unnecessary files
spooling
sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer
kernel
the core of an operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the internal clock, runs programs, and assigns the resources, such as devices, programs, apps, data, and information
boot drive
the drive from which your personal computer starts, which typically is an internal hard drive, such as a hard disk or SSD
network administrator
the person overseeing network operations, uses the server operating system to add and remove users, computers, and other devices to and from the network
virtualization
the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers and storage devices
booting
the process of starting or restarting a computer
recovery media
when a disk is required to restart a computer or device that will not start from its boot drive