CLC test 2
Multiple names
being called a mother, wife, sister, different names allow each one to reveal a different facet of identity that allows symbolic and cultural connections. you claim this to achieve something.
Fluid identity
changeable
Personal identity
our perception of ourselves as unique, idiosyncratic individuals, distinct from others, ex. Good, loyal, smart. The combination of all the traits you have is your personal identity---uniqueness
negotiation of identities
picking the right card to use at the right time. when your being a student vs. when a friend.
Valence
positive or negative feelings toward an aspect of self
Actuality
possessed and desired aspects of self. A desired aspect may be central to self.
Face
the image of self that we project to others
Ascription
the process of having an identity assigned to us by others
Avowal
- the process of assigning an identity to ourselves
Role expectations
-Role: the part people play--- perform when needed, depending on each situation. Ex:, "You are a friend,"
Ethnic identity
: Ascribed/avowed, one's commitment to certain shared patters of communication, underlying beliefs, philosophy of life.
Communal identities
: Broader in nature, changing at a slower pace, associated with large-scale communities such as ethnicity, race, religion, nationality, gender, political affiliation etc.
Self-enhancement
: characteristics of group seen as positive aspects of self.
Facework
: the work we do to maintain a good image. Communicative actions we take to project a good image, to maintain the face of self and others, or even threaten another person's face (e.g. criticism, )
Communication Theory of Identity
Assumes: -Individuals maintain different, overlapping (even contradicting) identities within one cultural group -There are different ways to express/experience a single cultural identity - Identities are fluid (changeable) because we are created through communication. - Individuals have emerging (new) identities - We have avowed (identities we claim for ourselves) and ascribed identities (assigned by others) - Identities have different intensity and salience (how prominent in relation to others) .
Social Identity Theory
Identity is seen as defined by social categories into which one falls and the characteristics as perceived through social groups/memberships
Language expectations
How one is expected to communication ex: Presidents speech, students during class discussion, a native using local dialect and jokes.
George Herbert Mead's distinction I and Me
Me: the self as learned, the insights gained and internalized, through interactions with others.; MORE STABLE
Relational identities
Related roles (within a community), based on particular relationships we have with others. Ex: boss/employee, agent customer, teacher/student, parent/child .
Identities are fluid : True or False?
True
Self
a complex set of beliefs about one's attributes, as well as memories and recollections of episodes that confirm such beliefs
Intensity
degree of expression of a specific aspect the main thing about you.
Centrality
how central or peripheral we see an aspect to the self
Salience
how prominent your self aspect are in relation to others
Currency
how relevant is a self aspect to your present time
Categorization:
individual deciding which characteristics represent the group. (therefore the characteristics that can define them)
Gender identity
notions leaned through socialization (sex vs. gender) .
Schema:
of self, a mental structure, formed by beliefs, memories, recollections of ones self -guides how one communicates with others - involves choices of bits of information to keep/emphasize/focus on
multiple identities
recognizing your different identities. for personal value
Age Identity
several age categories, with different perceived characteristics and stereotypes.
Emerging identity
something new
George Herbert Mead's distinction I and Me
the attitude of the individual in response to society/community--- presentation of self in social situations ; A REACTION
Dominant and marginalized (social groups)
whites vs minorities, males vs. females, rich vs. middle class
Liberation and domination
you have to feel dominated to try to liberate yourself , social groups dominate, media dominates.
Negotiation of identities
yourself and how you do it
Three levels of identity each person has
•Connected to power, who has the power in relation to whom • No identity is static • It is possible for the same identity to be performed differently depending on the context.