CNA Orientation Quiz
Fire extinguisher: most common is ...
ABC
what medicine is in nebulizers?
Albuterol
Bloodborne pathogens:
Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
why dont you blow your nose when you have a nose bleed?
Don't let them blow their nose bc a huge blood clot will come out, keep clot in there
..... at temp 101 fever with infants
Febrile seizure
2 types of hazards:
Physical: occur outside the body - Building on fire Health: occur inside the body - Inhaling smoke from fire and affects body
Seizure = - shaking is called ....
RESET (the body is trying to reset) - convulsions
what did the CFR state?
Required all employees with occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) to undergo a yearly training in preventing exposures to fluid borne diseases - Each year at every site you work at you will go through this yearly training - Bloodborne pathogens training every year
RACE:
Rescue Activate alarm Contain fire Extinguish fire
We use ..... NOT MSDS
SDS: outlines Chemical name, components, makeup, what to do if exposed, disposal, handling
3 permitted uses of PHI: only times you can use PHI
Treatment Payment Healthcare
Hepatitis can live outside the host for: - ......... chance of contraction by needlestick
active 7-10 days outside Host - 30%
Patent contact:
after surroundings are safe
Anaphylactic: - Epipen goes into ..... - I can only ..... my patient with the epipen, I CANNOT ..... this - If needed start .....
allergic reaction shock, use epinephrine in Epipen - outer thigh - ASSIST, administer - CPR
obstructive shock:
blockage in the heart that restricts blood flow
4 steps to achieving great customer service:
bob farrell philosophy (pickle guy)
If body part amputated DON'T put on ice →
body part goes into its own bag and then into another bag with ice Amputated body part should NEVER come in DIRECT contact with ice
Gunshot wound: no exit wound means
bullet is still in body
Pressure pain =
cardiac related emergency (feels like elephant on chest)
Compression = Thrust =
cardiac related injury airway obstruction
OSHA only goes after the ....
employer not the employee
whos responsibility is it that employees go through yearly bloodborne pathogen training?
employers
ECP =
exposure control plan
Protection:
wearing PPE, barrier protection between you and patient
Work Practice Controls:
what YOU are doing with something; What you do with what was given - Actually using the gloves, goggles, mask
Your main obligations in HIPAA are ....
protecting privacy of patients
PASS:
pull, aim, squeeze, sweep
Customer service equation:
quality of care + high standard of care = return of care
Body wants to ..... by having seizure
reset
Steps to survival: 7
safety protection patient contact call 911/AED pulse compressions ventilation
internal bleeding can lead to ....
shock
1st degree burn: 2nd degree burn: 3rd degree burn: - We only use ..... for burns and get person to a burn/trauma center
- irritation, redness - blistering - (worst) charring, deep tissue - water
Body substance isolation (BSI):
- isolating substances from my body Using barrier devices, uniform, gloves, goggles, apron, masks, etc.
how to care for someone in shock?
- lay down - Keep them warm to keep blood warm bc flow is best when warm - Feet elevated to push blood back down to vital organs (do not do this during spinal precautions)
Penetrating injury in eye:
- secure object so it doesn't move - never pull it out - use a cup to secure it - cover both eyes bc when one eye moves they both move (Clean area, secure object, bandage)
2 types of health hazards:
- Acute (short term) and chronic (long term) - Chronic example: cancer from inhaling smoke
how do aspirin and nitro help?
- Aspirin thins blood - Nitro opens blood vessels to allow for better flow
how to care for someone having a heart attack: 6
- Call 911 - put them in their own POC (DO NOT LAY THEM DOWN bc may have anxiety attack) - loosen tight clothing - check for medications (aspirin and nitro) - keep them still especially males bc they like to walk away - do not give stimulants
Faint: (Syncopal episode)
- Check for breathing, CPR, 911 - Lay down with feet elevated
4 steps to achieving great customer service:
- Connect: (how can we make a genuine connection with your patients?) - Stay in character: (play your part, uniforms, attitude) - Identify the boss: patient, client, customer (patient is always right) - Teamwork: a group of people who go out of their way to make each other look good
types of MOEs:
- Cut, chapped, or other non-intact skin - Mucous membranes
..... goes in regular garbage ...... must be biohazard within biohazard bag Biohazard material is .....
- General waste - Saturated materials - medical waste
steps in handling hazards: 4
- Identify hazard - Contain - Decon (decontamination): 10% bleach, clean area - Dispose (medical waste EPA standards say it needs to be disposed in red fluorescent orange hazards bags)
steps to care for Broken bones:
- Look for hazards in area first - Ask if they are okay, where it hurts - Treat them for shock bc internal bleeding could happen - Don't move patient unless in cardiac arrest and need to do CPR or dangerous situation like a fire
when having a seizure, what are the steps to protecting the patient?
- Remove patient from hazards in environment - Nothing in the mouth (they have lockjaw so DON'T PUT FINGERS IN MOUTH) - check for breathing - keep comfy and call 911 *****it's impossible to swallow tongue******
what standards do HAZCOM stand for?
- The "Right to Know" standard (the right to know act in some textbooks)
If exposure occurs what are the steps? 3
- Wash affected area FIRST with soap and water - Report exposure to supervisor - Follow sites Exposure Control Plan (ECP): will have different levels of severity
cool compresses:
- amount of time left on is equal to the amount of time left off - Never leave ice pack on more than 15 minutes - Time left on is based on patient's tolerance - Anti-inflammatory is an ice pack, similar to advil
steps to care for someone who experienced an Electrical shock:
- do not touch them with bare hands - Turn power source off - Know where your Emergency shut off valves are - Call 911 - Remove person from live wire, use appropriate PPE - Check for breathing after Entrance and exit wounds may be present
Carrier state: Active state:
- infectious but no signs, cannot tell person is sick - infectious and presenting with symptoms and signs, can tell someone is sick
Ventilation (2 rescue breaths):
1. Mouth to mouth (we do not do this as clinicians) 2. Mouth to mask/barrier (when alone) 3. BVM: bag valve mask (AMBU Bag) → use this as a team - This is most effective, using 100% oxygen - Plugs into oxygen source
treating for Heat exhaustion:
1. Try to cool down - behind neck - under arms - behind knees - under feet - lower back - -n groin → DONT do this all at once bc its too extreme 2. Best way for infants and children is to give them a lukewarm bath to cool them down 3. Can ask if they want to lay down but might make them more anxious 4. Give fluids: sports drinks, coconut water, water
when did Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) draft the CFR?
1991 = OSHA
Hazard communication (HAZCOM) was created in:
1994
HIPAA became law in ..... and was updated in ..... and updated finally in ......
1996 - 2009 (called the Hitech Act: fines, got more serious) - 2013 (federal offense if breached, jail)
3 levels of burns
1st, 2nd, 3rd
how to treat someone with angina?
2 baby aspirins + 1 dosage of nitro - Nitro is given under the tongue
HIPAA:
health insurance portability and accountability act
Hand Washing:
20 seconds
Compressions (30):
30 compressions on the lower ½ breastbone, 120 compressions per minute at depth at least 2 inches - Dominant hand first - ratio is 30:2 - below nipples
Choking: - ...... for children and adults Infants = .... Adolescents = Adults = If patient passes out ....
5 Back Blow and 5 chest thrusts - Abdominal thrusts 0-1 1-puberty puberty and beyond - start CPR
Check everything for .... (check responsiveness)
5-10 seconds
Heat stroke is a ....
911 emergency
Albuterol is a ....
Bronchodilator
Sleep apnea =
CPAP forces air in when someone stops breathing in their sleep
All government compliances are overseen by .....
OSHA
Heat stroke:
Establish IV line and push fluids 911 emergency - keep cool as possible - fluids
why did the Global Harmonization System (GHS) revise from MSDS to SDS?
Every country was doing their own version of MSDS sheets to GHS stopped this and harmonized the sheets and made SDS
If a person is bleeding, use tourniquet =
FALSE; Don't use tourniquet, use temporary tourniquet
HAZCOM responsibilities fall under the ....
Falls under employer Employee has legal right to know any risk factors at your site
HAZCOM is overseen by ...
Overseen by OSHA
.... are usually more textbook than .... (have more common symptoms) why? women's symptoms of heart attack are usually?
Men, women - Women are more in touch with their body's usually and men are usually more in denial - Women have lower back pain and abdominal pain usually
MOE:
Methods of entry (entry into your body for it to be infectious to you)
Remove person from live wire, use appropriate PPE =
TRUE
Teamwork:
a group of people who go out of their way to make each other look good
Causes of chest pain:
anxiety, overdose, acid reflux, cardiac related injury
Internal trainings from employer cannot be put on resume only from ....
certification like Prestige
Angina:
chest pain
Cuts in the eye:
clean area, apply pressure, apply cold compress
It is the employer's responsibility to make sure you are .... not the employee
compliant
CAB:
compressions, airway, breathing
difficulty breathing with Brown bag:
controls gas exchange: when hyperventilating you inhale too much O2 so the bag helps with CO2 and O2 balance, inhale exhilarating and decrease breathing
Blow to the eye:
cool compress for max 15 minutes to prevent inflammation - Remember cool compress is on and off
Tooth bleed/injury:
cool compresses
Four loko causes a lot of seizures bc ....
depressant + stimulant = body gets confused and heart isn't balanced = P waves
Cardiogenic:
heart cannot pump enough blood to meet body's needs
Heat exhaustion leads to ....
heat stroke
NJ does not ..... anymore but PA does
induce vomiting (pumping stomach, etc.)
Nitro will give .... if touched so wear gloves
instant headache
CPAP is also used for patients with ....
fluid in lungs
Particles in eye: Powder substance:
follow SDS bc this is based on chemical adding water activates it and will burn your eye
Personal protective equipment:
gloves, goggles, mask, apron, etc.
Nose bleed:
head goes forward because blood can irritate throat - Can use ice pack - Squeeze nostrils
High standard =
keep up with education (CEU)
HIV can live outside the host for: - ....... chance of contraction by needlestick
less than an hour outside Host, needs a host - ½%
you need to treat what caused seizure (we don't treat the actual seizure) which can be ....
lights (stimulation), overdose, withdrawals, elevated temp, neurological response, traumatic injury to head
Hypovolemic:
low volume of blood, shock from losing a lot of blood
1st thing to do is to Identify what's happening = then ask if the pain is moving anywhere: - if no, ..... - if yes, .....
mid sternum chest pain - no = non radiating - yes = radiating to ...... (body part) - If red dots on an arm of patient in picture its mid sternum chest pain radiating to whichever arm they indicate
safety:
most important person is yourself → team → patient
90 seconds to make a connection guy (photographer):
nick boothman
Distributive:
not enough blood to distribute to certain parts of the body, this is a form of hypovolemic
Check Pulse:
on neck (carotid artery bc its closest to heart) for 5-10 seconds
Universal (standard) precautions:
protecting myself against everybody, treat everyone as if they are infectious
Return of care =
patient comes back and you have a relationship with them
PPE
personal protective equipment
POC:
position of comfort - People do this when they hold onto themselves or something else to make them feel better Ex: holding a chest and leaning forward against a wall
Engineering controls:
something is GIVEN to you - Gloves, goggles, mask
GHS =
the global harmonization system
Effective communication signal words:
these are de-escalation techniques I care I understand You can trust me
if a company still has MSDS what does this mean?
they are NOT compliant
Causes of bleeding: (can be internal or external)
trauma, allergies (nose bleeds), teeth injury
Splashes in eye:
use eyewash station for minimum 15 minutes
fire extinguisher needs to be at .....
waist height so ppl in wheelchairs can also grab it
