COIS 1010 - Test #2 Terms (Part 2)

Decision Tree

A decision tree is a decision support tool that uses a tree-like graph or model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility. It is one way to display an algorithm.

Byte

A group of 8 bits.

Net Neutrality

All content is equal.

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange - a fixed length, binary coding system used to represent text based data for computer processing on many types of computers.

Neural network

An expert system in which the human brain's pattern recognition process is emulated by the computer's system.

Hexadecimal Notation

From the Greek hexadeca, meaning sixteen. A base-16 numbering system. The first 10 numbers are indistinguishable from decimal notation, but the next six numbers use the letters A-F. The full complement of hexadecimal digits is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.

IQ (Intelligence Quotient)

Is a total score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence.

E- waste

Discarded electrical or electronic devices. This includes: computers, phones and other consumer devices.

Ergonomics

Fitting a work environment to mitigate physical harm.

Perceptron

Is an algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers (functions that can decide whether an input, represented by a vector of numbers, belongs to some specific class or not).

Nibble

Is four binary digits or half of an eight-bit byte. A nibble can be conveniently represented by one hexadecimal digit.

Capability of an AI system

Is intelligence exhibited by machines. In computer science, an ideal "intelligent" machine is a flexible rational agent that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.

EQ (Emotional Intelligence)

Is the capability of individuals to recognize their own, and other people's emotions, to discriminate between different feelings and label them appropriately, to use emotional information to guide thinking and behavior, and to manage and/or adjust emotions to adapt environments or achieve one's goal(s).

Machine learning

Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides computers with the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can teach themselves to grow and change when exposed to new data.

RSS (Really Simple Syndication)

News tool that delivers selected Web content to subscribers as the content is published to a Website.

Ethics

Overall standards of moral conduct.

Trademark

Protect words, phrases, symbols or designs that identify and distinguish a product or service.

Octal numbers

The octal numeral system, or oct for short, is the base-8 number system, and uses the digits 0 to 7. Octal numerals can be made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive binary digits into groups of three (starting from the right).

Web 2.0

The seconds stage of development of the World Wide Web characterized by the change from static web pages to dynamic or user-generated content and the growth of social media.

Signed magnitude representation

The sign-magnitude binary format is the simplest conceptual format. To represent a number in sign-magnitude, we simply use the leftmost bit to represent the sign, where 0 means positive, and the remaining bits to represent the magnitude(absolute value). If the left bit number is 1 then the number has a negative value.

Base

The trusted computing base (TCB) of a computer system is the set of all hardware, firmware, and/or software components that are critical to its security, in the sense that bugs or vulnerabilities occurring inside the TCB might jeopardize the security properties of the entire system.