Computer Fundamentals
4
A BCD code has how many bits per number
Server
A computer or software on the network that supplies the network with data and storage
Trojan Horse
A computer program that appears to perform one function while actually doing something else such as inserting a virus into computer system or stealing a password
File
A group of records are stored in
Pages
A large application or program is divided into modules of equal size
1,048,576
A megabyte is exactly
4
A nibble is composed of how many bits
Ink Jet Printer
A non-compact printer that forms images with little dots and produces high quality images
Check Bit
A parity bit is also called. is an extra bit attached to the end of a byte for purposes of checking for accuracy.
Computer Virus
A program designed to attached itself to a file, reproduce and spread from one file to another, destroying data, displaying an irritating message or otherwise disrupting computer operations
Instruction Mnemonic
A short abbreviation for the operation
WORM
A software program designed to enter a computer system, usually a network, through security "holes" and then replicate itself
File Allocation Table
A special file that is used by the operating system to store the physical location of all the files on a storage medium, such as a hard disk or floppy disk
SCADA
A state of the art technology designed to provide supervisory control and data acquisition capability for industrial, commercial and utility power substation and systems
Random Access Memory (RAM)
A type of computer memory circuit that holds data, program instructions and the operating system while computer is on
Assembler
All are parts of the computer hardware organization except one
Screen Image
An area of memory that holds the ASCII characters that are being displayed on a monitor is called
Mouse
An input device that translates motions of a ball rolled on a flat surface to the monitor screen
JUMP
An instruction that alters the normal course of a program by causing to jump to another instruction is the
STORE
An instruction that causes data in the accumulator to be moved to the memory or peripheral register
Data Bus
Busiest bus and the one that carries that actual data
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
Machine language
Computer programming in which groups 1s and 0s are used to represent instructions and only language a computer actually understood
CPU
Device puts data on the data bus during a write operation
Logic Circuit
Digital Circuit is also known as
DTML
Diode Transistor Micro Logic
DCTL
Direct Coupled Transistor Logic
HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTP stands for
Memory Data Register
Holds the data being written into or read out of the addressed memory location
Software
If the executable program is kept on disk or tape
Binary
In digital codes, how do you identify codes running from 0 to 1 or run from 0-7
IDE slot
In what slot does the CD drive will be connected to the mother board of the computer
Register
Is a single word memory location used to temporarily hold data during program execution
HyperText Mark-up Language
Language used in making an internet web page
Cache memory
Memory holds the most recently read and frequently read data in memory, making subsequent retrieval of that data much faster than reading from a tape or disk drive or even from the main memory
ASII
Most widely used 7-bit alphanumeric code
Printer
NOT serially interfaced to a PC
Internet
Network where people can retrieve information, communicate, entertain or do business from the comfort of a PC
Op Code
Part of a computer instruction that defines what type of operation the computer is to execute on specified data
General Register Processors
Processors with more than two registers for arithmetic and logical operations
Virtual Memory
Refers to the computer's use of hard disk storage to simulate RAM
Trace
Refers to the debugging method in which the program is executed one instruction at a time and the register contents can be examined after each step
Access Time
Refers to the time with which a disk can find data being sought
SCADA
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Transistor Transistor Logic
TTL means
Downloading
Term used to describe the moving of software from another computer to your own computer
Word Processing
Text editor and formatters belong to which area of computing
Operand Address
The address of the data to be operated as the CPU executes the instruction called for by the op code
Control Bus
The bus that communicates control and status information
Integer
The command line in basic programming is always started by which of the following
Database-File-Input
The data manipulated by a program is called depending on it's nature and extent
10
The decimal system is composed of how many numeras or symbols
Bandwidth
The difference between high and low frequency spectrum
DIP
The most common type of digital IC package
BUS
The physical path along which the signal travels
BIT
The smallest changeable data unit
Hollerith Code
The standard method of coding data on 80-column, 12-row card
Assembler
The system program used to translate directly an assembly language to machine language called
ROMs and EPROMs
The term "firmware" is used to describe programs stored in which of the following memory hardware
Writing
Used to describe storing data into a memory
Baudot code
What 5bit code that has long been used in Telex and teletypewriter communications
Boostrap Program
What do you call a program stored in ROM that loads and initializes the operating system on a computer
Multimedia Projector
What do you call a projector that will be used to project video signals from a computer
Stored Program
What is a set of instructions that resides on a storage device, such as hard drive, and can be loaded into memory and executed called
Compiler
What is needed to translate a high-level program into a sequence of machine instructions that performs the desired task
Parity
What is the technique used to ensure that the bits within a memory byte are correct
Scratchpad Memory
What is the term for a high speed memory used to store a small amount of data temporarily so that the data can be retrieved quickly
Program
What is the term for a sequence on a computer instructions that performs some functions
Benchmark
What program is executed on several different computers to compare their speed and performance
Program Counter
What refers to a specific register that always points to the address of the next instruction to be executed
alphanumeric data
What refers to characters that can be displayed or printed, including numeras and symbols
Coding
What refers to the manner in which alphanumeric data and control characters are represented by sequences of bits
Instruction Register
What register holds the current instruction during it's execution
Reading
What term is used to describe retrieval of data from a memory
Control Bus
What type of bus carries lines that control the operation of the memory from the microprocessor to the memory
Address Bus
What type of bus carries the memory address from the computer to the memory
Cookie File
What type of file has a record of web site activity
Parallel Port
Which computer port is commonly used in order to speed up the transfer of the computer data
Gray Code
Which of the following belongs to a class of codes called the minimum change codes, In which only one bit in the code group changes when going from one step to the next
Optical Disk Memory
Which of the following classes of mass memory devices use a lasser beam to write and read onto a specified coated disk
Address Bus
Which of the following has a function of directing memory and I/O devices transfers
Straight Binary Code
Which of the following takes the complete decimal number and represents it in binary
Repeater
Which one refers to a device that amplifies a signal and passes it on
Local Area Network
Which one refers to an assembly of computer hardware and software that enables computers to share data, software and other resources with each other
Language Translator
a system software that translates a program written in a computer language
Mnemonic
abbreviation represents the op code of a computer instruction
Logical Subtraction
all are basic operation in Boolean Algebra except
Assembly language
allows memory address and other constants to be represented by symbols rather than bit strings.
LOAD
an instruction that causes data to be brought from memory into an accumulator register
Hierarchical database
database contains records in an organized structured format
Modem
is a device converting computer digital signals to analog signals for transmission over copper telephone wire and then back to digital signals
Console
is a hardware unit where the control keys are located
Hypertext
is a software that allows used to have fast and flexible access to information in large documents, constructing associations among data items needed.
Client
is the term for a computer or software that requests information from another computer or server
FETCH
portion of an instruction cycle where the instruction is sent from memory to the instruction register
Thrashing
term for deadlock situation that occurs when a program references a different page for almost every instruction, and there is not even enough memory to hold most of the virtual memory
Object Program
translated program in machine language
Address Bus
two way parallel path connecting processors and memory containing address
ROM
what memory in a computer is used to hold the computer's start up routine
Memory address register
what register holds the address of the word currently being accessed
