Connect A&P Practice Test 3

Which of the following statements is true about the glycocalyx? Check all that apply.

1) All animal cells have a glycocalyx 2) The glycocalyx helps one cell adhere to another 3) The glycocalyx allows our body to identify the cells as our own

Sugars can be transported into cells against their concentration gradient because of __________.

1) Osmosis 2) Simple diffusion 3) Facilitated diffusion 4) Antiport with sodium ions 5) Symport with sodium ions

What does the facilitated diffusion require?

Carrier proteins

Which of the following is an example of antiport?

Coupling of the inward movement of sodium ions with the outward movement of calcium ions

Facilitated diffusion occurs __________.

In either direction depending on the concentration gradient of the molecule

Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of __________.

Molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic medium will __________.

Shrink

Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily?

Small non-polar molecules

Facilitated diffusion is used to transport ___________.

Sugars and amino acids

Which of the following does not affect the rate of diffusion?

The amount of available ATP

When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when __________.

The dissolved sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the solution

Which of the following is the most direct source of energy for cotransport?

The movement of one of the transport substances down its concentration gradient

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of __________.

water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower concentration