DMS210-Suspect Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm-Study Questions

Repair of an AAA is indicated when the aneurysm becomes greater than _______ cm in diameter or grows more than ______ per year.

5.5cm; 0.6 to 0.8cm

High blood pressure and current smoking increase the growth rate of aneurysms, and the resultant risk of rupture sharply increases with aneurysms of more than:

6 cm in diameter

When performing a scan to rule out AAA, the abdominal aorta should be measured:

AP in the longitudinal plane

A 58-year-old man is seen for ultrasound scan of the aorta because of a pulsatile mass over the area of the umbilicus on physical examination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

A 69-year-old man is seen for a right upper quadrant (RUQ) ultrasound scan for persistent RUQ pain. The ultrasound examination reveals cholelithiasis with pericholecystic fluid consistent with cholecystitis. Incidentally noted are the findings in the aorta. The aorta measured 6.6 cm in the anteroposterior (AP) diameter. What is the most likely diagnosis of the finding in the aorta?

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with thrombus

A 79-year-old woman is seen for ultrasound scan of the aorta after multiple episodes of fainting. She has a history of poorly controlled hypertension and aneurysm and also has back pain. The ultrasound examination is technically limited because of obesity. The ultrasound findings confirm a dilated aorta that measures 7 cm in AP diameter. A linear echo is also identified within the aorta, and color Doppler scan confirms flow on both sides of this flap. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Aortic Dissection

The sonographic technique used in the diagnosis of dissection varies depending on the location of the dissection. Which section of the aorta may benefit from transabdominal sonography?

Descending Aorta

Rupture of the intima of the aorta, which then separates from the media with a column of blood between the two layers, is the definition of:

Dissection

Which best describes the conventionally accepted definition of AAA?

Focal dilation 1.5 times its normal diameter; an infrarenal diameter of 3 cm or larger

The classic presentation of ruptured AAA includes the triad of:

Hypotension, abdominal or back pain, and pulsatile abdominal mass

Guidelines recommend a one-time screening with sonography for AAA in:

Men 65 to 75 years old who have ever smoked

An 82-year-old man arrives in the emergency department via ambulance from a nursing care facility. The patient is unconscious, and clinical examination reveals hypotension and an abdominal pulsatile mass. A portable ultrasound scan is requested immediately; examination reveals a dilated aorta that measures 8.5 cm in AP diameter. The findings and clinical examination suggest what diagnosis?

Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm

An 82-year-old man is seen for follow-up examination of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The ultrasound scan reveals a dilated distal aorta that measures 3.9 cm in AP diameter. Mural thrombus is shown with color Doppler scan. No increase in size is noted from the ultrasound scan performed 6 months before. What is the appropriate follow-up for this patient at this time?

Screening should be performed every 6 months. Sonography is used for patients for assessing expanding aneurysm of planning elective surgery.

The preferred method of evaluation and screening for AAA is

Sonography

An endoleak occurs when blood is allowed to flow into the aneurysm sac after endograft placement. Based on the endoleak classifications, flow into the aneurysm owing to an inadequate seal between components of the device or tear in the fabric of the graft would be given which of the following designations?

Type 3