Drugs & Society Final Exam
The military is under strict Congressional guidelines and cannot conduct drug testing whenever and wherever it chooses.
false
Which is the most compulsive kind of gambler?
pathological gambler
The goal of evidence-based efforts treatment is to ensure that treatment providers consistently use strategies with the best potential for positive outcomes.
true
Which statement is true about cell phone use?
All of the above.
A compulsive gambler can also be a problem or pathological gambler.
true
Gambling includes which of the following?
options 1, 2, 3, and 4
Which statement best describes bulimia nervosa?
an addiction to binge eating followed by weight control techniques like over-exercising
Generally, a gambler who is drawn to a slot machine is
an escape-seeking gambler
The DRD2A1 allele gene has its greatest effect on which neurotransmitter system?
dopamine
The rate of heavy drinking is lower among military personnel than among society as a whole.
false
The reasons why people engage in compulsive behaviors are different from the reasons why they use psychoactive drugs.
false
There is a national registry of prevention and treatment programs, but program results are anecdotal rather than evidence based.
false
There is a universally accepted treatment, which has been proven effective for everyone who has an addiction.
false
Unlike opiates, steroids do not have distinct withdrawal symptoms.
false
Low serotonin levels (which cause depression) are associated with which of the following?
options 1, 2, 3, and 4
Pathological gambling (like behavioral addictions in general) is characterized by which of the following?
options 1, 2, 3, and 4
Which level (s) of prevention is/are most likely to include intervention?
secondary and tertiary prevention
Drugs that stimulate which neurotransmitter have the potential to treat sexual addiction?
serotonin
Which of the following are warning signs that someone may be abusing inhalants?
signs 1, 2, and 3 only
The sensation of a big win for a gambler is the equivalent of
the first intense rush from cocaine
Compulsive shoppers have described the relief from depression and the subsequent high from buying in terms similar to those describing
the high derived from cocaine
One reason why abusing pressurized inhalants is dangerous is because inhaling them directly from their containers can freeze lung tissue.
true
People compulsively overeat in response to feelings and emotions, not hunger.
true
Problems handling money in a responsible manner is one of the hallmarks of almost any addict.
true
Regular survey data collection and analysis of alcohol and other drug use provide a benchmark to measure the effectiveness of prevention efforts and policies.
true
Coerced (legally mandated) treatment is not as effective as voluntary treatment.
false
For every $1 spent on an employee assistance program (EAP), the employer saves up to $16.
true
What is a major reason why some people become compulsive shoppers (develop oniomania)?
depression
At low doses some drugs can enhance sexual arousal.
true
Which of the following statements is true about anorexia?
Anorexics have a distorted perception of their bodies shape and size.
Which statement about compulsive behaviors is true?
The reasons for compulsive behaviors are identical to those for compulsive drug use.
Cyber-addiction and gaming addiction, including MMORPGs (massively multiplayer online role-playing games), are characterized by which of the following actions?
actions 1, 2, 3, and 4
Compulsive shoppers describe the same relief of bad feeling and the subsequent high as someone describing the use of
cocaine
The three main prevention methods used are
harm reduction, supply reduction, and demand reduction
Addiction is an equal-opportunity destroyer.
true
Addiction generally affects only the person with the problem and does not affect family members or family dynamics.
false
What percentage of drugs are kept off the U.S. market due to the United States' current supply reduction approach (i.e., the "war on drugs")?
10 - 15%
Which gene signals a susceptibility to both alcoholism and gambling?
DRD2A1 allele gene
The Internet has an addiction potential because
reasons 1 and 2 only
In the United States, Black Americans with drug problems have a higher rate of incarceration and are likely to receive treatment through the criminal justice system, whereas whites are more likely to receive probation and treatment from medical and social service programs.
true
In the United States, it is becoming common practice for drug and alcohol treatment centers to include treatment for nicotine addiction as part of their programs.
true
Inhalant effects resemble those of alcohol and sedative intoxication.
true
Substituting a "less harmful" drug for a "more harmful" drug is a form of harm reduction.
true
Tests for the use of drugs can be conducted using a person's urine, blood, hair, saliva, or sweat.
true
The effects that alcohol and other drugs have on a person's sexuality (drive and experience) are caused by the drugs' disruption of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
true
The inability to resist an impulse that is originally pleasurable but ends up becoming harmful is called an impulse-control disorder.
true
The legality of alcohol and tobacco, coupled with pervasive advertising of these substances, reduces the effectiveness and limits the credibility of many prevention programs.
true
The majority of people in federal prison are serving sentences for drug-related offenses.
true
The military has one of the most widespread drug-testing programs in the country.
true
The refinement of carbohydrates has resulted in the same types of effects on obesity that the refinement of cocaine has had on cocaine addiction.
true
The use of an addictive substance (such as alcohol and other drugs) at an early age changes vulnerable brain functions and increases a person's likelihood of developing an addiction.
true
Treating people with addictions costs substantially less than incarcerating them for the same length of time.
true
Inhaling alcohol can cause
all of the above
Binge-eating disorder is marked by rigid control over ones eating patterns.
false
Modifying treatment and tailoring it to the culture of specific populations decreases the effectiveness of treatment and diminishes outcomes.
false
New evidenced-based assessment and treatment placement tools like the Addiction/Alcohol Severity Index have not been shown to better match clients to the treatments they need.
false
Outpatient treatment costs more than incarcerating a felon.
false
Pathological gamblers rarely have other addictions.
false
Physicians easily and readily identify alcoholism and drug abuse in the elderly.
false
Recovery from sexual addiction requires lifelong abstinence from sex.
false
Studies have not found any measurable savings from the funds that states invest in treatment for substance use disorders.
false
The majority of the U.S. national drug control budget is allocated to demand reduction.
false
A problem gambler is defined is defined as a person whose gambling behavior causes difficulty in which of the following parts of his or her life?
options 1, 2, 3, and 4
Craving overwhelms common sense and causes an addict to do which of the following?
options 2, 3, and 4 only
Which statement best describes binge eating?
regularly eating large amounts of food at one sitting, without vomiting
When does a compulsive shopper experience the highest level of excitement?
right before deciding to purchase an item
Which condition found in a drug addict is not found in a compulsive gambler?
tissue dependence
The term chasing in problem gambling means
to try to recoup gambling losses by continuing to gamble
"Addiction" is the disease, whereas inhalant abuse, steroid misuse, or compulsive gambling, eating, shopping, or sex are the manifestations of the disease.
true
Alcohol or other drugs are involved in 70% of teen suicides.
true
An important lesson from all primary prevention programs is that to be successful a program must be continual. One-year attempts at inoculating students against alcohol/drug use have not been effective enough.
true
Assessment is the first step in addiction treatment.
true
Chemical dependency may be the greatest public health problem in thee United States.
true
Children who grow up in a home with a drug-using or alcohol-abusing family member take on distinctive roles that affect their personalities.
true
Drug use in companies that conduct drug testing has tapered down and leveled off after experiencing a significant decline in the 1990s.
true
Drugs affect sexuality by disrupting the neurotransmitters.
true
Embalming fluid (formaldehyde), used to preserve dead bodies for funerals and burial, can also be used to create a PCP-like high.
true
Endogenous craving associated with initial abstinence is a type of drug hunger brought about by the depletion of brain neurotransmitters during drug use.
true
Which of the following statements is true of college students who gamble?
College students have a higher rate of pathological gambling than the general public.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the U.S. prison population?
Nearly 50% of the inmates in federal prisons were sentenced for drug offenses.
Which statement best describes addictive behaviors?
They alter brain chemistry in similar ways that psychoactive drugs do.
Carriers of a DRD2A1 allele gene have an excess of dopamine receptors.
false
Currently there is less reliance on evidence-based treatment and more on the personal experiences and intuition of the provider.
false
In a formal intervention, a "facilitator" is a family members, close and/or co-workers chosen to act as the leader of the session.
false
It is not possible to become an alcoholic if you have no family history of alcoholism.
false
Long-term follow-up research has confirmed that controlled drinking works for former and recovering alcoholics.
false
The pharmacologic effects of inhalants are long lasting.
false
The phrase "demand reduction" seeks to decrease drug abuse by reducing the availability of drugs.
false
The phrase "supply reduction" refers to prevention programs that prevent people from wanting to use illicit drugs.
false
Which disorder is similar to compulsive shopping?
hoarding
The three parts of the public health model used to explain the prevention model are
host, environment, and agent
Which is a primary reason for sexual addictions?
low self-worth
Pathological (compulsive) gamblers are obsessed with which of the following?
obsessions 3 and 4 only
Even after a person has gone through alcohol or other drug detoxification, it can take months for the brain and body chemistry to regain balance.
true
Excess hair and decreased breast size are found in female steroid users.
true
False-negative results, not false positives, constitute the majority of urine-testing errors.
true
College students have a higher rate of problem/pathological gambling than the general population.
true
Mephedrone is a popular club drug, especially in Europe. This drug's effects are most similar to those of marijuana.
false
When used long-term or in large doses, a drug can cause a loss of sexual interest and inability to perform sexually.
true
When drug use is studied on a regional basis, the facts show that per-capita drug use in rural and small urban areas is equal to, and in some areas more than, that of large urban areas.
true
