Eating Disorders

What percent of people with Binge Eating Disorder are men?

40%

Define 'binge eating'/'compulsive overeating'. (Question on the exam)

An eating disorder characterized by periods of uncontrolled, impulsive, or continuous eating beyond the point of feeling comfortably full.

Which eating disorder is known for causing consumption of foods beyond the point of feeling 'full'?

Binge eating/compulsive overeating

Which eating disorder (Bulimia v. Anorexia) if any does the sufferer tend to understand that their habits are not normal?

Bulimia

Which eating disorder is known for a cycle of binge eating followed by a purge of the digestive tract?

Bulimia Nervosa

When speaking to a person with an eating disorder about their problem, what should one convey to him or her?

One should state that he or she appears unhealthy or unhappy and that one should like to assist them in obtaining treatment or improving their quality of life. Convey a caring attitude during the conversation.

True or false: like Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa can cause someone who has it to excersize no matter the weather or their own condition.

TRUE

Some people with Anorexia will maintain a rigorous workout routine no matter _____ or _____.

weather, illnesses/fatigue

A person may consume as many as (1,000/2,000/8,500/20,000) calories per binge.

20,000

Binges last up to _ hours and the average Bulimia sufferer will binge _ times per week for at least _ months.

8, 2, 3

_ out of 10 Bulimia Nervosa sufferers are (female/male).

8, female (or) 2, male

Name four or more things that can cause an eating disorder to occur.

A combination of psychological, interpersonal, and social conditions, emotional distress because of emotions such as depression or loneliness, a troubled family life, personal relationships, societal pressure, a history of criticism directed at one's own body by others, or a history of physical or sexual abuse.

What are the three primary symptoms of Bulimia?

A regular intake of large amounts of food with a feeling of a loss of control over the habit, a regular, excessive use of self-induced vomiting, laxative/diuretic use, fasting, etc, and an extreme concern over body weight and shape.

A healthy body image can result from considering three things. What are they?

Accept one's body's apperance and abilities, be realistic, and acknowledge that it is natural for one's body to change rapidly during teenage and early adult years of life.

Define 'Bulimia Nervosa'. (Question on the exam)

An eating disorder characterized by a secretive cycle of binge eating followed by some form of purging or clearing of the digestive tract by laxatives.

Define 'Anorexia Nervosa'. (Question on the exam)

An eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.

What does the word 'Nervosa' convey? (Not in PPT)

An eating disorder primarily affecting adolescent girls and young women, characterized by a fear of becoming fat, distorted body image, excessive dieting, and emaciation.

The eating disorder that causes people to appear fragile and isolated is ________.

Anorexia

Which eating disorder is known for causing self-starvation and unhealthy weight loss?

Anorexia Nervosa

Name the three eating disorders covered in this presentation.

Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder.

One eating disorder causes the sufferer to be dependent on their family while the other makes one desire to be in control of themselves and others. Which is which, respectfully?

Anorexia, Bulimia

Which eating disorder can lead to similar health consequences as diabetes?

Binge Eating Disorder

Multiple signs of Bulimia may be found in the facial area. Name as many as possible.

Broken blood vessels, bloodshot eyes, bags under eyes, a discoloration of the teeth, etc.

The presence of large, empty food containers, wrappers, or other items that seem to have recently been eaten from can be a warning sign of _______.

Bulimia Nervosa/binges

Frequent use of the restroom, signs or smells of vomiting, and evidence of packages of laxatives/diuretics can indicate a warning of _________.

Bulimia Nervosa/purging

One eating disorder causes the sufferer to suffer effects from misuse of laxatives and purging activities while the other makes one be in danger of starvation or malnutrition. Which is which, respectfully?

Bulimia, Anorexia

A warning sign of Bulimia is present on the hands. What is it and what is it caused by?

Calluses on the knuckles and back of the hand can result from self-induced vomiting.

Binge eating is also known as what?

Compulsive overeating

Describe the feelings that a person with BED may encounter about his or her disorder.

Disgust, guilt, or depression about the habit, eating triggered by other factors that cause anger, anxiety, or shame, inflexible all or nothing thinking, perfectionism, and a difficulty expressing their feelings to others.

Define 'eating disorder' as completely as possible.

Eating disorder: a condition that involves an unhealthy degree of concern about body weight and shape and that may lead to efforts to control weight by unhealthy means.

BED is characterized by what behaviors?

Eating large quantities of food in a short period of time, feeling out of control and ashamed/disgusted, and eating when not hungry and alone (in secret).

List as many consequences of Bulimia Nervosa as possible.

Electrolyte imbalances (lead to irregular heartbeats, heart problems, and possibly death), inflammation of the esophagus risking possible rupture, tooth decay and staining from stomach acids, irritable bowel movements and constipation, and gastric rupture.

True or false: most Bulimia sufferers appear to be of an abnormal weight.

FALSE

True or false: most Bulimia sufferers do not believe their actions are abnormal.

FALSE

True or false: Anorexia Nervosa is only found in adults (21 years and older).

False

True or false: men do not suffer from eating disorders.

False, 5-10% of Anorexia Nervosa sufferers are men.

True or false: Anorexia Nervosa is a seriously damaging illness, but it does not have a high death rate compared to other mental illnesses.

False, it has one of the highest death rates of any mental illness.

True or false: when confronting a person who is suspected of binge-purging, you should not tell them that you have noticed all of their behavior changes and purging evidence.

False, tell them what you suspect and why you suspect it.

List the health consequences of BED.

High blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, heart disease, diabetes, gallbladder disease, and gallstones.

Define 'body image'.

How a person visualizes and feels about his or her appearance and bodily features.

Describe the act of 'purging'.

Inducing vomiting, using laxatives, (or/and) using other methods to clear binged calories from the body to avoid weight gain.

Name three general types of therapy that are avaliable to Anorexia sufferers.

Medical, psychological, and nutritional. Also family counseling.

List as many symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa as possible.

Muscle loss, weakness, dehydration, fainting, fatigue, dry hair and skin, hair loss, growth of a downy layer of hair known as lanugo to keep the body warm, etc.

Is 'purging' effective? Why or why not?

No, purging is not effective. Many calories are retained (usually around 1,200) and laxative use results primarily in water loss, not a loss of many calories. (Water loss is dangerous and can result in dehydration.)

BED can be treated using which two types of counseling?

Psychological and nutritional.

List as many behavioral warning signs of BED as possible.

Recurrent episodes of binge eating, eating much more rapidly than normal, a lack of control over eating during binge episodes, eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry, hoarding food, hiding food and eating in secret, eating throughout the day with no planned mealtimes, etc.

A preoccupation with food statistics such as the number of calories in a meal is a warning sign of Anorexia Nervosa. Describe other signals that are present in the behavior of Anorexia sufferers which can also be warning signs.

Refusals to eat certain foods or food groups (e.g., carbohydrates), frequent comments about being 'fat' despite not being overweight, voiced anxiety about gaining weight or becoming 'fat', denial of hunger, etc.

Name the four primary symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa.

Resistance to maintaining body weight at a healthy standard, an intense fear of weight gain despite being underweight, a denial of the seriousness of his or her condition, and a loss of menstrual periods for females post-puberty.

Eating disorders often result from a distorted body image. What does 'distorted' mean?

Something that is warped or false. A distorted body image occurs when a person's body is different from the way they perceive it. (e.g., truly underweight, perceived by person as overweight)

When speaking to a person with an eating disorder about their problem, avoid comments about weight. Why should one do this?

Stating to a person that their body appears 'too thin' or 'underweight' may convey success to the person and encourage the behavior.

True or false: both Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa sufferers typically withdraw from family/friends and social events.

TRUE

Name and describe the two types of Bulimics.

The purging bulimic regularly engages in self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics or enemas. The non-purging bulimic may fast or excersize excessively but does not vomit/misuse laxatives, etc.

Identify two methods of counseling for Bulimic sufferers.

Therapy to separate eating from emotions and to promote eating in response to hunger and nutritional counseling to review nutrient needs and ways to get them.

True or false: scare tactics to discourage eating disorders are ineffective.

True

True or false: sufferers of Anorexia Nervosa may only consume (about 80/a few hundred/a few thousand) calories per day.

a few hundred

In Bulimia sufferers, the ___ and ____ area may swell, a warning sign of the illness.

cheek, jaw

Approaching a person with an eating disorder requires _____________ to make a difference.

compassion

Social isolation, moodiness, and irritability are symptoms of BED. This can sometimes lead or contribute to _____________.

depression

Eating disorders are not _________, but rather psychological problems.

diseases

As Anorexia worsens, heart rate _____ and blood pressure ______ making the risk of heart failure rise.

drops/slows, drops/decreases

Bulimia is fueled by a fear of being fat or imperfect while Anorexia is fueled primarily by the fear of ________.

eating

People with Anorexia sometimes avoid eating by making _______ to miss meal times.

excuses

Bulimics tend to appear ________ socially.

healthy/active/successful

People who struggle with Binge Eating Disorder are seen as normal or ________ weight.

heavy

You should be prepared for the person with an eating disorder to become angry when you converse with him or her about the problem. This is because a living angry person is better than a(n) ________________ person.

ill/deceased

Supressing an intake of necessary nutrients can lead to ________.

malnutrition

Anorexics see themselves as overweight while Bulimics tend to consider themselves _______.

normal

While Anorexic people tend to be extremely thin, Bulimic body types tend to be _______.

normal to slim

A reduction of bone density that occurs in Anorexic people is known as __________.

osteoporosis

Like Anorexia, BED causes those that have it to consider their body shape ________.

overweight/disgusting/unsatisfactory/etc.

The most general sign of an eating disorder is acknowledging that someone is considering weight loss, dieting, and control of food as _________.

primary concerns

Arranging foods in a certain order, excessive chewing, eating foods in a certain order, and etc. are warning signs of Anorexia known as food _____.

rituals

True or false: Anorexia sufferers sometimes present a warning sign by withdrawing in _____ situations.

social

Bulimics turn ____ food while Anorexics turn _____ food during stressful times.

to, away from

A loss of 15-20% of one's body weight is considered a _____________ sign of Anorexia.

warning