edf 2130 final
What generally happens to motivation as students transition from elementary to junior high school
motivation declines for students
Who does more TV watching and videogame playing
Black and Latino students
Which of the following would be considered a serious game
on a computer, design an amusement park and learn about money, accounting, and prediction with statistics
Which of the following emotions typically develops last
pride
Bullying represents which types of aggression
proactive and hostile
JonJon is anxious because he is retaking an exam that he failed. Determined to do well this time, JonJon studies and self-tests. He also has his friends make up test items and quiz him. JonJon is using a(n) _____ strategy to change the past situation
problem-focused
Well-executed cooperative learning tends to
promote good peer relations as students work together
To reduce prejudices among students, teachers should
promote students' participation in activities where students often have equal status, like extracurricular activities and sports
Sigrun is about to cross the street to join her mother when she notices her mother's horrified look. She stops, and a speeding car that she had not seen passes by. What has Sigrun displayed
social referencing
Jalen is a highly rejected child. Compared to others in his class, he is likely to
show behavior problems several years later
For high school students, regular dating has been linked to which of the following
lower grades and lower academic motivation
Play in school for adolescents could be termed
mind play or mind games
Kohlberg developed ideas about which of the following
moral judgment and justice
Piaget developed ideas about which of the following
moral judgment and justice
Which of the following is true of adolescent moodiness
most adolescents report being fairly happy most of the time
Which of the following aspects of mother employment is most strongly linked with negative child outcomes
mother begins work during the child's infancy
Which is the most common form of child abuse
neglect
Which of the following could be a good response to discipline
negotiation
Women with which of the following characteristics is most likely to experience divorce within 10 years of marriage
no high school diploma
Two siblings have parents who are engaged in constant conflict with one another. Following such conflicts, Wei, the elder child, is often severely scolded by their mother, while Li is always comforted and cared for. The given scenario illustrates that parental conflict can be which of the following
nonshared environment
Which of the following is a cause for concern
solitary active play in a busy classroom
In order to foster theory of mind in your students, you could comments on others' mental states using which of the following words
think, pretend, understand, deceive
Social cognition refers to which of the following
thinking applied to social situations
Which link to peer rejection is strongest and most consistent across countries
aggression
A problem with research on effects of gay and lesbian families is that it tends to be
based on small samples
Just community schools would tend to
be democratic and encourage classroom discussion
Children with imaginary friends tend to
be imaginative
It is generally best if students make attributions for successes and failures in school to their
effort
Which group of children tends to benefit most from child care
low SES
Which of the following statements is true
If you have high self-esteem you almost surely have high global self-concept
Which of the following is true about conflict-resolution programs
Research shows that some do reduce conflict
Which of the following has increased over the past 50 or so years
antisocial behavior
Which of the following statements about how empathy changes over time is true
(not) Emotional contagion makes empathy possible during toddler years ch.8
Someone says, "Your momma is so stupid her brains on the edge of knife would look like BBs on a four lane highway." This style of humor is associated with which ethnic group
(not) Latino (not) Irish ch.9
Which of the following is true of media use
(not) Teen are the heaviest television viewers ch.14
Which of the following is NOT related to peer popularity during elementary school
(not) attractiveness ch.11
Adults should use induction
(not) because it is the most effective way to achieve situational compliance ch.7
Some children are popular but not well liked. What are they called by psychologists
(not) controversial ch.11
In the graph shown below, the rising line represents a percent increase in which of the following ch.9
(not) criminal convictions of youth ages 14-18 (not) specific learning disabilities ch.9
One of the major criticisms of Kohlberg's theory is that it
(not) has stages that are too broad and vague to guide practice ch.9
How could you apply the so-called Mozart effect in your classroom
(not) have students listen to any classical music ch.7
What is the relationship between moral behavior and moral judgment
(not) higher moral judgment causes increased moral behavior ch.9
Which of the following is true of play
(not) it is correlated with self-control and emotion regulation but does not cause them ch.11
Which of the following is a drawback of behavior modification
(not) removes children from instructional settings (not) does not consistently change behavior ch.7
The graph shown below represents children's _______ as they grow older
(not) tendency to spend less time with child companions ch.11
Consider Heinz's dilemma. According to Kohlberg's model, levels of moral development depend upon
(not) whether their reasoning aligns with their religious convictions ch.9
Of the following, which does divorce most commonly cause
lower educational attainment for children
Which of the following is an example of situational interest rather than personal interest
Adam finds the Guinness Book of World Records for the first time and is intrigued by the strange people it describes
In which American ethnic group are children LEAST likely to be born to two married parents
African American
Which of the following statements about discipline is true
African American parents spank more than White parents
According to the social information processing model, what might cause Akash to experience hostile attribution bias
Akash interprets other students' behavior as hostile based on his memory of previous negative experiences
Among the following individuals, who is most likely to develop prosocial behavior
Diquan's parents use victim-centered induction
Who among the following is most likely to have sociometric popularity
Emilia voluntarily helps other children in her class and is sensitive to others' feelings
Which group tends to be the most individualistic
European Americans
Which of the following is true of girls compared to boys
Girls are more likely to be depressed
According to the text, which of the following is a LESS effective way to encourage parent involvement with school
Have parents sign contracts in which they commit to be involved
Which of the following statements best describes the pattern of tendency to share
Infants spontaneously share, but when they are two years old or so, they begin to share less due to self-interest
People often claim that girls are more socially aggressive than boys. What does the text say about this claim
It is probably just a stereotype; boys are socially aggressive as often as girls
Which of the following statements is true about ethnic identity
Most 11-year-olds are able to understand racial stereotypes that are common in a society
According to research on media use, which of the following statements is true
Nearly all high school students use the internet
On the average, which ethnic group is most popular
No ethnic group has been found to be most popular
For normal children, social referencing stops
Social referencing never stops for normal children
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of joint attention
Sonya and her father look together at a fancy car across the street
Research on severely deprived children who are adopted before 6 months of age tends to show what
The children usually catch up if the home environment is supportive, but it often takes more than a year
Which of the following statements is true about age trends in average levels of aggression
The most aggressive age group is preschoolers from about 2 to 4 years of age
Which of the following is NOT true of media use
Viewing just before bedtime can help youth sleep
According to research, what percent of youth identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual
less than 10%
Research on self-reported impulsivity from age 10 to 30 shows what pattern
a fairly constant decline from 10 to 30
Stereotype threat refers to which of the following
a fear that one's performance might confirm a negative stereotype of one's group
The ability to read others' emotions goes with
a history of abuse because abuse makes children sensitive to social cues
Lucio buys two comic books that he really wants. When his friend drops his new comic book in dirty water, Lucio gives one of his comics to his friend. Lucio is displaying which of the following
altruism
According to research, in which domain do boys have much greater self-concept than girls
appearance
Which of the following is true of emotional dissemblance
appropriate dissemblance depends on the culture
Which of the following is likely to foster effective classroom management
arrange the physical environment so that it fosters appropriate behavior
How is self-control related to parenting
authoritative parenting fosters self-control
Which type of peer status is most common
average
Which of the following techniques is most likely to help students who experience test anxiety
avoid time limits during tests and quizzes
Jim watches lots of violent television while Sam prefers to watch situation comedies. As the boys walk to school one day, they witness one of their classmates being bullied by an older child. According to research, Jim is likely to
be less distressed than Sam
Eight-year-old Selena hates receiving socks as a birthday gift. Selena's grandmother gives her socks for her birthday. Selena smiles and says, "Thank you." Selena has engaged in
emotional dissemblance
Sally is big and mean. Every day she teases Doris on the way to and from school, and sometimes she pushes Doris. What kind of aggression is Sally exhibiting
bullying
According to a study described in the text, children ages 9-11 are likely to have contact with the opposite sex under what condition
call insults at them or push them
To promote good friendships for their children, parents should do which of the following
coach friendship skills and how to repair relationships
Which of the following is best supported by research as a cause of the negative outcomes linked to divorce
conflict
Children who are bully leaders or tough/popular are likely to experience what peer status
controversial
If you compare development of theory of mind abilities across different countries, you tend to find that
countries vary somewhat in speed of development, but the sequence is the same
Definitions of social conventions are based on ______ while moral transgressions are based on _______.
cultural rules; what is wrong regardless of rules
What happens to cortisol level during the day
decreases for children not in child care
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic emotions
embarrassment
Charles Darwin claimed which of the following regarding emotions
emotions are innate and universal
According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the major influences on self-efficacy
ethnic identity
In an experiment, children who watched fast paced cartoons tended to be worse at what compared to children who did other activities like drawing
executive function tasks
What seems to underlie self-control and ability to delay gratification
executive functions
In order to foster good emotion regulation in children, parents should do which of the following
express both positive and negative emotions, but primarily positive
Children of same-sex parents tend to show high rates of identification as gay or lesbian
false
Three-year-old SorJuana moved Evan's book. She thinks that Evan will look for his book where she put it instead of where he left it. SorJuana is likely to have difficulty with what
false belief tasks
According to research, which is most consistently a risk factor for depression
family problems, such as conflict and harsh discipline
Authoritarian parents
favor punitive measures to control children's behavior
What is sympathy
feeling concern for another person's feelings
Compared to other family structures, nuclear families tend to have
fewer moves
Theory of mind is important for the social information processing model because students must do which of the following
figure out other people's intentions
When people experience learned helplessness, they think that their low ability for some skill or activity is
fixed and unchangeable
A picture and question, like the image shown below, helps assess whether children are capable of understanding which of the following? ch.9
gaze following and joint attention
Johnny thinks that if he puts on a dress, he might become a girl. Johnny lacks
gender constancy
When is depression most common
high school
Elevated level of cortisol is an indicator of what
high stress
Which of the following is an attribute of well-executed cooperative learning
hold both groups and individuals accountable
Maritza is always ready to retaliate. When she drops her cell phone and a student walking by accidently kicks it, she assumes he kicked it on purpose. She yells at him and slugs him. Maritza is displaying which of the following
hostile attribution bias
Children in center-based child care tend to experience
increased behavior problems
Which parenting style generally has the worst results for children
indifferent
In light of research on parenting styles, psychological control, and attachment, one could predict that love withdrawal as a technique of discipline would be
ineffective, generally because of long-term consequences
Gaze aversion is a coping strategy used by
infants to prevent overstimulation
Lebron is a middle schooler who readily and easily feels intense anger or frustration. He craves attention. He frequently feels anxious, and when he gets out of control he is difficult to calm down. He probably has what type of attachment
insecure-resistant
Nelson reports feeling negative emotions most of the time. Nelson is experiencing
internalizing disorder
Adolescent Chia-lin reports feeling moody all the time. For Chia-lin, this means feeling negative emotions most of the time. Her mother accurately
is concerned because it is not normal
What does it mean to say that self-control is like a muscle
it can be fatigued and strengthened
Spanking may have different effects on different ethnic groups because it is seen as
legitimate use of parental power by Black youth
Behavior modification is based primarily upon which of the following
operant conditioning
A graph like the one below most likely represents which of the following ch.13
perceptions of competence
Which type of goal tends to result in the worst outcomes
performance avoidance
Kenneth and Mamie Clark are famous for what series of studies
presenting brown and white dolls and asking "Give me the doll that you like best"
Boris angers his teacher by throwing spit wads at students in class and throwing spit wads so they stick to the ceiling. The teacher sighs and tells Boris that he is an embarrassment to his class and his family. The teacher sighs whenever she walks past Boris, and asks if he is ready to do something nice for once. Which of the following forms of disciplines is the teacher using
psychological control
Kohlberg's first two stages of moral development emphasize
punishment and obedience to authority
Which of the following is a guideline for effective punishment
recognize that supposed punishment can sometimes reinforce
Which children most need intervention in order to improve well-being
rejected
Kate lives with her single mother, and both are aggressive. Their home has few books. What is Kate's amount of TV viewing likely to be
relatively high
Mr. Psalter has observed odd bruises and burn marks on 7-year-old Peter. He suspects abuse. As a teacher, he must do which of the following
report evidence of abuse
How should you respond to students' humor
respond positively as long as it is not insulting or disruptive
Two boys, Arthur and Vernon, are rolling in the dirt as they tussle and push each other. They are smiling as they jump up and mush rotten apples onto each other. They are engaged in
rough-and-tumble play
Research on delay of gratification showed that delay during preschool was related to what later in life
school grades and SAT scores
Which of the following is a method of measuring delay of gratification in preschoolers as described in the text
see how long children can wait before they touch a tempting item, like candy
Let's say that African American students who took the same test performed better if they thought it measured problem solving ability than when they thought it measured intelligence. Which of the following is most relevant to understanding the different average test scores
stereotype threat
Which of the following tends to increase cheating
student perceptions that a teacher is unfair
In general, play
supports academic learning
In order to foster ToM, parents could do which of the following with their preschoolers
talk about what other people are thinking
Your colleague says that her third grade students are always trying to feed the pets, pick up dropped papers, and share pencils. She finds their behavior frustrating. What advice do you have for her
tell her that she should encourage students to practice prosocial behavior
Adolescent Susie broke up with her boyfriend last night. She is upset and thinks that everyone who talks to her can tell that she is anxious and depressed. She is experiencing
the illusion of transparency
Among households with children, which is the most common family structure
two parents who are married
According to Freud, psychological symptoms arise from
unconscious or repressed memories
Theory of mind is important in schools because it influences students' ability to
understand their teachers and fellow students
Which of the following is NOT a key principle of effective discipline according to the text
use maximum power to achieve compliance
Persistent persuasion does which of the following
uses induction and repeated requests until compliance, without power assertion
Pablo keeps pushing and poking Ben. The teacher asks Pablo to stop teasing Ben and to think about how sad it must make Ben feel. In this scenario the teacher is using which of the following
victim-centered induction
There is evidence that which of the following increases prosocial behavior in the long-term
victim-centered induction
The graph below shows that eighth-grade children of less well-educated parents do what compared to children of more highly educated parents ch.14
watch more television
The graph below represents the percent of children ch.14
who are in self-sibling care
