Elar Final Exam Review

Describe the Archetypal Hero's Journey.

1. Ordinary World 2. Call to Adventure 3. Refusal of the Call 4. Meeting the Mentor 5. Crossing the Threshold 6. Tests, Allies, Enemies 7. Approach 8. Ordeal, Death and Rebirth 9. Reward, Seizing the Sword 10. The Road Back 11. Resurrection 12. Status Quo

What is the difference between a narrative poem and a lyric poem?

A narrative poem tells a story, while a lyric poem presents the personal thoughts and feeling of a single speaker

Define rhetorical fallacy

A writer or speaker gives false or misleading statements to persuade you to agree with them

Internal/External Conflicts

An external conflict involves a character's struggles against a force out of himself. An internal conflict is one that occurs within a character

Humane

Compassionate

Compound and Complex Sentences

Compound- solving equations is useful, but studying grammar is fun. (Remember FANBOYS) Complex- after she finished her homework, Monica went shopping OR Monica went shopping after she finished her homework

Duplicitous

Deceitful

Discord

Disagreement between people

Dismal

Dreary or gloomy

Malevolent

Evil

Verbose

Excessive talking

What are the five elements of the Freytag Story Pyramid? Define them.

Exposition- introduces the setting, characters, and conflict Rising action- the conflicts build Climax- the moment of greatest interest in the story Falling Action- the point in the plot where the story begins to come to a close Resolution- the final outcome of the story

Flat/Round

Flat characters are two-dimensional and uncomplicated. By contrast, round characters are complex and undergo development. The writer spends time developing a round character

Amiable

Friendly

Magnanimous

Generous or forgiving

Benign

Good

Caustic

Having a bitter attitude or speech

What is sensory language and imagery?

Imagery consists of words and phrases that appeal to the reader's five senses Remember to search up sensory language

What is Second-Person Point of View?

The narrator directly addresses the reader

What is Third Person?

The narrator is not a character in the story Limited- only knows the feelings/thoughts of one person Omniscient- knows feelings/thoughts of more than one person

Enigmatic

Mysterious

What are the five different types of traditional stories? Define them.

Myth- explains mysteries of nature, contains supernatural elements Epic- a long narrative poem about the adventures of a hero, reveals the values of a group of people Legend- a story that has some basis in historical fact Tall Tale- usually a humorous story with exaggeration about impossible events Fable- a short tale to illustrate a moral or teach a lesson

Acrimonious

Showing hostility

Benevolent

Showing kindness

Sincere

Showing truthfulness

Indirect Characterization

Shows things that reveal the personality of a character

Extravagant

Showy and excessive

What are the five different types of figurative language? Define them.

Simile- a comparison of two unlike things using "like" or "as" Metaphor- a comparison of two unlike things that does not use the words "like" or "as" Idiom- an expression that has a meaning different from the meaning or its individual words ex: it's raining cats and dogs Personification- the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea Alliteration- the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words ex: Sally sells sea shells

What are the five types of indirect characterization? Define them.

Speech- what does the character say? How does the character speak? Thoughts- what is revealed through the character's private thoughts and feelings Effect on others toward the character- what is revealed through the character's effect on other people? How do other characters feel of behave in reaction to the character? Actions- what does the character do? How does the character behave? Looks- what does the character look like? How does the character dress? REMEMBER- STEAL

What are the two types of rhetorical fallacy?

Stereotype- all basketball players are tall and thin Ad hominem- the congressman drives an expensive car, so you can't believe he cares about the homeless

Animosity

Strong hostility

Direct Characterization

Tells the reader what the personality of the character is Example: the patients were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother

Dynamic character

The character changes throughout the story

What is the antagonist?

The character in conflict with the main character

What is First-Person Point of View?

The character is the narrator of his story and uses personal pronouns such as I, me, my, and we

Static

The character shows no growth or change, stays the same

What is denotation?

The dictionary definition of a word

What is mood?

The feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for a reader My mother's tone affects my mood

What is connotation?

The ideas and feelings associated with a word

What is a thesis statement?

The main argument that a writer attempts to support in a piece of writing. Usually found in the opening paragraph of a short essay

What is the protagonist?

The main character of a story

What is tone?

The writer's attitude toward the subject matter

What is theme?

Theme is a message about life or human nature

What are poetic sound devices?

Using words for the sound qualities they create. Some examples are alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme, rhythm, repetition, and meter Meter?

What are characteristics of the writer's style?

Word choice or diction (vivid verbs, descriptive language, connotation), sentence structure (short action, long descriptive), use of dialogue, choice of narrator

Malicious

Intending harm

Why is the "so what" of a personal narrative important?

As writers, we must have something to say. And if it's not important or significant, then it is not generally worth saying or reading

Mundane

Boring

What are the seven types of conflict?

Character Vs. 1. Character 2. Nature 3. Society 4. Fate 5. Self 6. Technology 7. Supernatural

What are the three parts of an effective argument?

Claim- the writer's position on a problem or issue. Support- reasons Evidence- backs up on the reasons

Describe Aristotle's three persuasive appeal.

Logos- using an appeal to logic (facts, statistics) Pathos- using an appeal to emotions (pity, fear, anger, envy) Ethos- refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker (endorsement)

What is a "hook" or "lead"?

This is the opening sentence or two of an essay or narrative that "hooks" the reader's attention

Subordinating Conjunctions

Time- after, as, as soon as, before, once, since, until, when, while Manner- as, as if, as though, like Cause and effect- although, though, whereas, while, except, that Condition- because, in that, now that, since, so that, if, in case, provided(that), unless Purpose- so that, in order that Comparison- as, more than, less than, than

Proactive

To plan ahead of a situation

Gracious

Welcoming