EMR final exam (1-100)

In CPR, the rate of compressions for adult, child, and infant is how many per minute? A. 60 B. 80 C. 100 D. 120

C. 100

After _____ minutes without a pulse, irreversible damage occurs to the patient's brain. A. 1 to 2 B. 2 to 3 C. 4 to 6 D. 8 to 10

C. 4 to 6

What is a side effect of an Epi-Pen®? A. A slowing respiratory rate B. A calming effect C. An increased heart rate D. Flushed skin

C. An increased heart rate

_____________ force causes an injury away from the site of impact because the force is transferred to other parts of the body. A. Twisting B. Direct C. Indirect D. Transverse

C. Indirect

Which type of dressing should be applied to an open chest wound? A. Porous B. Absorbent C. Occlusive D. Form-fitting

C. Occlusive

Which of the following components is NOT part of the daily safety inspection for a response vehicle? A. Communications equipment B. Siren and horn C. Outside of vehicle D. Medical equipment

C. Outside of vehicle

9. Disease-causing agents are called: A. Venoms B. Toxemias C. Pathogens D. Amoebas

C. Pathogens

Which type of injury occurs when muscles and tendons are overworked? A. Sprain B. Dislocation C. Strain D. Disruption

C. Strain

Most body heat is lost through which part of the body? A. The chest and back B. The arms and legs C. The head and neck D. The abdomen and pelvis

C. The head and neck

Which of the following is a sign of anaphylaxis? A. Slow pulse B. High blood pressure C. Wheezing D. Swelling of hands and feet

C. Wheezing

. A person who is standing erect, with arms at sides and palms forward, is in a(n) _____position. A. prone B. supine C. anatomical D. lateral recumbent

C. anatomical

In the condition known as _____, a patient has difficulty breathing because inefficient beating of the heart causes fluid to build up in the lungs. A. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. congestive heart failure C. asthma D. pneumonia

C. asthma

The patient's response to your question about how he is feeling or what is wrong is called the: A. general impression. B. rapid check. C. chief complaint. D. subjective evaluation.

C. chief complaint.

The _____ is a general idea of how bad a person's injuries may be, based upon the mechanism of injury. A. resource determination B. scene assessment and evaluation C. index of suspicion D. kinetic energy of trauma

C. index of suspicion

A(n) ______________________________ is a cut to the skin and/or to the layers of the soft tissue beneath the skin, caused by a sharp object. A. puncture B. abrasion C. laceration D. avulsion

C. laceration

A _____ occurs when one of the coronary arteries is blocked, preventing blood from getting to heart muscle. A. cardiac tamponade B. myocardial dysplasia C. myocardial infarction D. cardiac heart block

C. myocardial infarction

Trauma to the skeletal system and associated muscles, tendons, and joints is a(n): A. neurologic injury. . B. allopathic injury. C. orthopedic injury D. thoracic injury.

C. orthopedic injury

The general assessment technique that involves feeling patients with one's hands is called: A. auscultating. B. observation. C. palpating. D. scanning.

C. palpating.

The consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells is called: A. circulation. B. contusion. C. perfusion. D. hypoxation.

C. perfusion.

Heat loss involving the transfer of heat to an object without physical contact is known as: A. convection. B. conduction. C. radiation. D. evaporation.

C. radiation.

A ______________________________ incident can be aimed at injuring emergency responders such as Emergency Medical Responders. A. primary B. tertiary C. secondary D. quaternary

C. secondary

A finding that is relayed from the patient but that cannot be observed or measured is a(n): A. sign. B. suspicion of cause. C. symptom. D. objective discovery.

C. symptom.

In a life-threatening condition known as a ______________________________ , a pneumothorax puts pressure on the heart and great vessels of the chest, causing profound shock. A. hemothorax B. spontaneous pneumothorax C. tension pneumothorax D. paradoxical pneumothorax

C. tension pneumothorax

An acquired disease may result from any of the following EXCEPT: A. birth defect. B. medical condition. C. trauma. D. virus.

C. trauma.

A person in shock oftentimes demonstrates a pulse that is: A. weak and slow. B. strong and irregular. C. weak and rapid. D. strong and slow.

C. weak and rapid.

Trauma assessment is largely: A. dependent upon online medical control. B. a highly specialized process. C. based on patient history and scene observations. D. based on a hands-on physical examination.

based on a hands-on physical examination

Bruising behind the ears, which is a delayed sign of a skull fracture, is called: A. raccoon sign. B. Battle sign. C. Cushing's sign. D. Hoffmann's sign.

battle sign

Which of the following is NOT a congenital disease? A. Deafness from birth B. Black lung disease C. Cerebral palsy D. Cleft palate

black lung disease

The force of trauma applied over a large area is referred to as: A. blunt trauma. B. penetrating trauma C. ecchymotic trauma. .D. abrasive trauma.

blunt trauma

The type of shock caused by a failure of the heart is referred to as: A. hypovolemic. B. blood loss C. distributive. . D. cardiogenic.

cardiogenic

To determine pulselessness in an adult patient, palpate the _____ pulse. In an infant, palpate the _____ pulse. A. carotid, brachial B. tibial, cartotid C. pedal, carotid D. brachial, tibial

carotid, brachial

The fluid that surrounds the brain is called: A. aqueous humour fluid. B. synovial fluid. C. hemoplasmatic fluid. D. cerebrospinal fluid.

cerebrospinal fluid

Impaled objects usually should be secured in place—EXCEPT when the object is impaled in the: A. lung. B. cheek. C. eye. D. neck.

cheek

An Emergency Medical Responder who is ruled at fault in a motor vehicle crash may be held liable for: A. traffic infraction and civil liability only. B. civil liability only. C. civil and criminal liability. D. criminal liability only.

civil and criminal liability

The oxygenated blood supply for the heart is provided by which blood vessels? A. The inferior and superior vena cava B. The coronary arteries C. The lymphatic vascular system D. The aortic veins

coronary arteries

An Emergency Medical Responder who flees a scene because of potential violence and positions himself behind a brick retaining wall is using which technique? A. Cover B. Concealment C. Distraction D. Misdirection

cover

The grating sound of bone ends rubbing together is called: A. rubbing. B. scour. C. stridulous. D. crepitus.

crepitus

Which one of the following is NOT part of scene size-up? A. Taking standard precautions B. Determining the number of patients C. Identifying the mechanism of injury D. Establishing an airway and ventilating

establishing an airway and ventilating

Patients of legal age who are competent and who accept your care are giving________ consent. A. implied B. expressed C. guardian D. minor's

expressed

The ____________________ is the longest and strongest bone in the body. A. femur B. humerus C. tibia D. ulna

femur

The posturing that occurs with a closed head injury is an involuntary movement of the patient's limbs, referred to as: A. flexion or extension. B. superior or inferior. C. tension or relaxation. D. reflexive or responsive.

flexion or extension

Standard Precautions may include: A. a personal flotation device. B. gloves, eye protection, and mask. C. a rescue helmet with chin strap. D. turnout gear and reflective tape.

gloves, eye protection, and mask

12. In an emergency in which a patient is so severely injured that a clear decision cannot be made, you have the right to provide care based on _________________ consent. A. implied B. expressed C. guardian D. minor's

implied

A sign of mild hypothermia is: A. increased blood pressure. B. decreased pulse rate. C. decreased breathing rate. D. absence of shivering.

increased blood pressure

Common mechanisms of injury include all of the following EXCEPT: A. a fall from high place. B. infectious diseases. C. a penetrating wound (gun/knife). D. vehicular collisions.

infectious diseases

The first part of the head-to-toe examination is: A. palpate. B. auscultate. C. evaluate. D. inspect.

inspect

If a patient is unresponsive and can't maintain his own airway and you suspect trauma, open the patient's airway by using a _____ maneuver. A. TMJ B. jaw-thrust C. mandible left D. head-tilt, chin-lift

jaw-thrust

A person who is lying down on her left side is in a(n) _____ position. A. prone B. supine C. anatomical D. lateral recumbent

lateral recumbent

An Emergency Medical Responder possesses all of the following skills EXCEPT: A. defibrillation. . B. medication administration. C. oxygen administration D. bleeding control.

medication administration

In a(n) ______________________________musculoskeletal injury, the skin overlying the injured bone perforates the skin from the inside out. A. closed B. osteopathic C. comminuted D. open

open

The highest level of EMS provider is: A. Advanced EMT. B. Emergency Transport Technician. C. Emergency Medical Technician. D. Paramedic.

paramedic

The "P" in SAMPLE history stands for: A. Past Medical History. B. Pharmaceuticals Used. C. Present Illnesses. D. Primary Complaint.

past medical history

Which of the following best describes how a dressing and bandage should be applied? A. Place the dressing loosely over the bandage. B. Place the bandage over the dressing, securing it as tightly as possible. C. Place the dressing tightly over the bandage, but don't restrict the flow of blood. D. Place the bandage tightly over the dressing, but don't restrict the flow of blood.

place the bandage tightly over the dressing, but don't restrict the flow of blood

In the condition known as a ______________________________ , air works its way in between the chest wall and the lung, causing the lung to collapse. A. flail chest B. pneumothorax C. thoracic decompression D. negative pressure syndrome

pneumothorax

The opposite of anterior, which refers to the front, is _____, which refers to the back. A. posterior B. inferior C. lateral D. distal

posterior

An Emergency Medical Responder's obligation to keep patients from getting hurt further is the goal of: A. finding them a shelter. B. transporting them to safety. C. protecting them from harm. D. establishing a safety perimeter for them.

protecting them from harm

If you observe potential signs of violence at a scene, what should your first action be? A. Stabilize the patient. B. Contact your medical director C. Turn on your vehicle's siren. . D. Retreat to a position of safety.

retreat to a position of safety

As an Emergency Medical Responder, which of the following should you set as your top priority at the scene of an emergency? A. CPR B. Patient care C. safety D. traffic control

safety

Which of the following senses is usually NOT used when assessing vital signs? A. Sight B. Hearing C. Touch D. Smell

smell

What is a factor in more than half of motor vehicle crashes involving emergency vehicles? A. Weather B. Road conditions C. Impaired driving D. Speed

speed

Manual _____ is the technique used to keep the head and neck aligned when the patient has a suspected neck injury. A. traction B. stabilization C. repositioning D. blocking

stabilization

Practice to prevent exposure to disease during patient contact is called: A. Infection Precautions B. Universal Isolations C. Disease Control Methods D. Standard Precautions

standard precautions

Emergency Medical Responder care is usually authorized by: A. the National Registry. . B. the patient's physician C. state laws .D. department bylaws.

state laws

A person who is lying face up on his back is in a(n) _____ position. A. prone B. supine C. anatomical D. lateral recumbent

supine

The "T" in the "DOTS" mnemonic stands for: A. Tenderness. B. Tactile. C. Time of injury. D. Toxic.

tenderness

Which organ is particularly sensitive to an inadequate supply of oxygen and may, as a result, cause the patient to exhibit such signs as restlessness and anxiety? A. The heart B. The brain C. The lungs D. The liver

the brain

The shoulder girdle consists of: A. the clavicle and the humerus. B. the humerus and the ischium C. the scapula and the humerus. .D. the clavicle and the scapula.

the clavicle and the scapula

A patient is receiving CPR and has had an endotracheal tube inserted by an advanced provider. Which of the following is correct? A. The compression rate is 80 per minute. B. Pause compressions to perform ventilations. C. Defibrillations can no longer be performed. D. The ventilation rate is 8 to 10 per minute.

the ventilation rate is 8 to 10 per minute

The Emergency Medical Responder must balance the need for rapid response to emergencies with the avoidance of becoming part of the incident itself, using the concepts of: A. time, retreating, and blockading. B. time, spacing, and protecting. C. time, protection, and avoidance. D. time, distance, and shielding.

time, spacing, and protecting

A(n) ______________________________ is a facility that is capable of advanced care on a 24-hour basis and that meets criteria established by the American College of Surgeons. A. trauma center B. emergency and intensive care center C. special surgical center D. accident care and treatment cente

trauma center

Taking multiple vital signs over time is referred to as: A. repetitive evaluation. . B. trending. C. baseline shifting D. redundancy.

trending

A patient with asthma may make what type of sound when breathing—a sound that sometimes can be heard even without a stethoscope? A. Wheezing B. Rhonchi C. Rales D. Stridor

wheezing

Which of the following is NOT one of the five decisions in the scene size-up for the Emergency Medical Responder? A. How many patients are involved in the incident B. Which hospital to transport the patient C. What resources will be needed in order to handle D. Whether the scene is safe for emergency personnel

Which hospital to transport the patient

A sign of the late stages of shock, in which the body can no longer compensate, is: A. a drop in blood pressure. B. very rapid respirations. C. a significant rise in pulse. D. incontinence.

a drop in blood pressure

A sign of respiratory distress known as _____ occurs when abdominal and neck muscles are used for breathing. A. anterior muscle use B. additional muscle use C. ancillary muscle use D. accessory muscle use

accessory muscle use

Which of the following terms describes occasional and gasping respirations? A. Apnea B. Bradypnea C. Tachypnea D. Agonal

agonal

The letter "A" of the mnemonic "AVPU," used for determining responsiveness, stands for: A. Alert. B. Anxious. C. Altered mental status. D. Aware.

alert

. A substance that causes an abnormal immune response is called an: A. antibody. B. allergen. C. antihistamine. D. atopy.

allergen

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for a patient's response to cold? A. Underlying medical condition B. Age C. Use of alcohol or drugs D. Altitude

altitude

A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction is referred to as what type of shock? A. Neurogenic B. Hypovolemic C. Septic D. Anaphylactic

anaplylactic

8. A patient with a terminal illness has an outburst where she yells "Why is this happening to Me!?!" This patient is exhibiting what stage of the grieving process? A. Bargaining B. Depression C. Denial D. Anger

anger

Bright red blood that spurts from a wound is called _______________________bleeding. A. venous B. lymphatic C. capillary D. arterial

arterial

An Emergency Medical Responder should position herself to communicate with a patient: A. above eye level. B. at eye level. C. well below eye level. D. at any level that is comfortable.

at eye level

The skull, rib cage, and spinal column are referred to together as the: A. appendicular skeleton. B. medial skeleton. C. basal skeleton. D. axial skeleton.

axial skeleton

How many bones are in the spinal column? A. 22 B. 33 C. 29 D. 44

33

A careful and deliberate walk around a scene, scanning for dangers or hazards, is known as a: A. 360-degree assessment. B. 180-degree assessment. C. 270-degree assessment. D. 90-degree assessment.

360-degree assessment

The personal space around a patient is _____ feet in all directions. A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

5

The spinal column is divided into how many sections? A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

5

How many pairs of ribs are attached anteriorly to the sternum? A. 9 B. 10 C. 11 D. 12

9

The primary assessment includes which of the following steps? A. Patient disposition B. SAMPLE history C. ABCs D. Vital signs

ABCs

Your patient is a 58-year-old male. He is unresponsive, breathless, and pulseless. You should perform CPR at the rate of _____ compressions per minute. A. 100 B. 60 C. 80 D. 120

100

The EMS vehicle that the Emergency Medical Responder responds in should be inspected: A. daily. B. weekly. C. monthly. D. biweekly.

daily

. Accessory muscle use in the neck is an indication of: A. high blood pressure. B. blood backing up from the heart. C. neck injury. D. difficulty breathing.

difficulty breathing

Proximal means close, or near the point of reference, and _____ means distant, or far away from the point of reference. A. posterior B. inferior C. lateral D. distal

distal

Which of the following is a barrier to communication? A. Good lighting B. Quiet C. Being at patient's eye D. Distractions

distractions

The covering for a wound, designed to control bleeding and to protect the wound, is called a(n): A. dressing. . B. hemostatic application. C. bandage D. adhesive compress.

dressing

When using warning lights and the siren, the driver of an emergency vehicle should exercise: A. the right-of-way in emergencies. B. due regard for the safety of others. C. warning signal rules for emergency vehicles. D. rules for emergency response.

due regard for the safety of others

If you find danger from a threatening person at a scene, do all of the following EXCEPT: A. engage. B. distract. C. retreat. D. conceal.

engage

_____ is a medication that a person can carry in an auto-injector in case of a severe allergic reaction. A. Epinephrine B. Atropine C. Dopamine D. Promethazine

epinephrine