EMT Chapter 14 Questions
Which of the following best describes a communicable disease? A. A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another B. The growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body C. A disease that is transmitted through contaminated drinking water D. Presence of infectious organisms on or in objects
A
In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you specifically inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease? A. Recent travel B. HIV status C. Sexual practices D. Drug alergies
A
In contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin-induced hepatitis: A. is not a communicable disease. B. typically does not cause yellow skin. C. is a far more transmittable disease. D. can be prevented with a vaccination.
A
The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made: A. after the primary assessment has been completed. B. once the patient's baseline vital signs are known. C. as soon as the patient voices his or her chief complaint. D. upon completion of a detailed secondary
A
Typical chief complaints in patients with an infectious disease include: A. fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing. B. crushing chest pain, vomiting, and weakness. C. headache, low back pain, and arm numbness. D. joint pain, muscle aches, and blurred vision.
A
Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to: A. administer oxygen with the appropriate device. B. perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment. C. retrieve the stretcher and prepare for transport. D. assess her oxygen saturation and blood pressure.
A
The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or labeling a patient who frequently calls EMS is: A. overlooking a potentially serious medical condition. B. making the entire EMS system look unprofessional. C. demeaning or humiliating the patient and his family. D. discouraging the patient from calling EMS in the future.
A.
5The __________ is your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illnesses. A. general impression B. index of suspicion C. nature of illness D. clinical impression
B
A(n) _____________ Can be spread from one person or species to another. A. Contamination B. Communicable disease C. Infectious disease D. Virulence
B
An anaphylactic reaction constitutes what type of medical emergency? A. Toxicologic B. Immunologic C. Cardiovascular D. Hematologic
B
Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the __________ A. field diagnosis B. nature of illness C. associated symptoms D. medical history
B
In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient: A. almost exclusively focuses on physical signs that indicate the patient is experiencing a problem. B. is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms. C. requires a thorough head-to-toe exam that involves a detailed assessment of all body systems. D. is not as complex for the EMT because most patients typically present with classic symptoms.
B
Jaundice is a sign of which disease? A. Herpes simplex B.Hepatitis C.HIV D.Meningitis
B
Reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by: A. reviewing all treatment performed. B. repeating the primary assessment. C. reassessing the nature of illness. D. taking another set of vital signs.
B
The secondary assessment of a medical patient: A. should routinely include a comprehensive examination from head to toe. B. is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short. C. should be performed at the scene, especially if the patient is critically ill. D. is typically limited to a focused exam for patients who are unconscious.
B
What mnemonic is used to determine a patient's chief complaint? A. AVPU B. OPORST C. SAMPLE D. TACOS
B
When caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to: A. document the medications on your patient care report, but leave them at home so they do not get misplaced. B. take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report. C. send the patient's medications to the hospital with a family member or other person who will safeguard them. D. let the hospital staff retrieve the patient's medical records, which should show a list of his or her current medications.
B
When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious patient with nontraumatic abdominal pain and stable vital signs, you should: A. prepare the patient for transport first. B. focus on his or her chief complaint. C. only palpate tender areas of the abdomen. D. examine the patient from head to toe.
B
Which of the following diseases is the most virulent? A.Herpes simplex B.Hepatitis B C.Tuberculosis D. HIV
B
Which of the following medications would the EMT be LEAST Ilikely to administer to a patient with a medical complaint? A. Albuterol B. Ibuprofen C. Aspirin D. Oral glucose
B
Which of the following questions would be the MOST pertinent to ask a patient who recently returned from Europe and is now ill? A. What was the purpose of your travel? B. Is anyone else in your travel party sick? C. Will you be traveling again in the future? D. HOW much time did you spend in Europe?
B
Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? A. Studies have shown that fewer than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers. B. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. C. The communiçable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. D. Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needlestick.
B
Why is tuberculosis not more common than it is? A. Droplet nuciei that spread the infection have a very short lifespan. B. Infected air is easily diluted with uninfected air, so transmission is inefficient. C. Human beings have natural immunity. D.The BCG vaccine is 95% effective.
B
You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should: A. load him into the ambulance, begin transport, and perform all treatment en route to the hospital. B. manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit. C. administer oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and obtain as much of his medical history as possible. D. perform a detailed secondary assessment, assess his vital signs, and then transport rapidly.
B
You are attending to a 27-year-old male driver of a car. According to his passenger, the patient had been acting strangely while driving, then slumped forward against the steering wheel, apparently unconscious. The car drove off the road and struck a telephone pole. The patient remains unconscious, and physical assessment reveals only a large hematoma on his right forehead with no other physical signs. Your patient is a diabetic who had been under a lot of stress lately and may have missed meals. This is an example of a: A. medical emergency. B. combination of a medical and trauma emergency. C. trauma emergency. D. combination of a psychiatric and trauma emergency.
B
You are dispatched to a home where you find a 45-year-old woman in apparent respiratory distress. She is using accessory muscles to help breathe and can only respond with short answers. Whatis the first step in your assessment process? A.Obtain vital signs B. Determine scene safety C. Manage the airway D. Perform a secondary assessment
B
You have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain and dificulty breathing. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving supplemental oxygen. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should: A. continue with your secondary assessment B. prepare the patient for immediate transport C. insert a nasal airway and assist his breathing D.request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.
B
You should assess pulse, motor, and sensation in all of the extremities and check for pupillary reactions if you suspect a(n) _________ problem. A. cardiovascular B. neurologic C. psychological D. endocrine
B
___________is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. A. Tuberculosis B. MRSA C. Hepatitis C D. Meningitis
B
Medical patient assessment focuses on which of the following? Pick 2 A. MOI B.Chief complaint C.NOI D.Physical injuries
B & C
A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having: A. hepatitis. B. meningitis. C. MERS-CoV. D. tuberculosis.
B.
After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to: A. notify law enforcement B. take standard precautions. C. contact medical control. D. quickly access the patient.
B.
An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: A. the EMT's prediction of the type of illiness a patient has based on how the call is dispatched. B. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness. C. ruling out specific medical conditions based on the absence of certain signs and symptoms. D. determining the underlying cause of a patient's medical condition based on signs and symptoms.
B.
At what point should you make a preliminary transport decision? A. During scene size-up B. Once the preliminary assessment is complete C. During reassessment D. After secondary assessment
B.
When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem? A. Primary assessment B. Medical history C. Baseline vital signs D. Index of suspicion
B.
Which of the following statements regarding medical emergencies is correct? A. Medical emergencies always take priority over traumatic injuries. B. Medical emergencies can appear to be traumatic in nature. C. Medical emergencies and traumatic injuries always have distinctive presentations. D. Medical emergencies rarely precipitate traumatic injuries.
B.
Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness? A. Trending of the patient's vital signs over time B. Asking questions related to the chief complaint C. Refraining from asking open-ended questions D.Focusing solely on how the call is dispatched
B.
Assessment of a patient's blood pressure with an automatic BP cuff reveals that it is 204/120 mm Hg. The patient is conscious and alert and denies any symptoms. The EMT should: A. prepare for immediate transport. B. conclude that she has hypertension. C. obtain a manual blood pressure. D. reassess her blood pressure in 5 minutes.
C
In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service? A. 43-year-old man experiencing a heart attack, and the closest appropriate hospital is 15 minutes away B. 29-year-old woman who is 18 weeks pregnant, has light vaginal bleeding, and stable vital signs C. 61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes D. 50-year-old conscious woman with severe nausea and vomiting, fever, and chills of 3 days' duration
C
Most treatments provided in the prehospital setting are intended to ___________. A. reduce the need for transport to the hospital B. confirm the patient's diagnosis C. address the patient's symptoms D. correct the patient's underlying problem
C
The incubation period for hepatitis B is typically: A. 1 to 10 weeks. B. 5 to 10 weeks. C. 4 to 12 weeks. D. 1 to 2 weeks.
C
The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies: A. typically does not require the EMT to contact medical control. B. focuses on definitive care because a diagnosis can usually be made. C. addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process. D. involves transport only until treatment can be performed at the hospital.
C
Three months after returning home from West Africa, a 50-year-old man begins experiencing a fever, cough, and muscle aches. The EMT should suspect: A. Ebola. B. hepatitis C. influenza. D. whooping cough.
C
Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should: A. assess breathing depth and determine the respiratory rate. B. squeeze the trapezius muscle to see if the patient responds. C. attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient. D. direct your partner to apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.
C
What is an index of suspicion? A. An outcome of scene size-up that indicates whether law enforcement should be called B. The ability to determine how contagious an infectious disease C. An awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries or illness may exist D. A level of understanding whereby you can determine multiple NOls
C
Which of the following oonditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital? A. Seizures and infection B. Cardiac arrest and shock C. Stroke and heart attack D. Diabetes and migraines
C
Your patient's symptoms include high fever, cough, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and shortness of breath. Which of the following should you suspect? A. Influenza B. Hepatitis B C. MERS-CoV D. Whooping cough
C
"Tunnel vision" occurs when __________. A. there appears to be no explanation for the patient's condition B. you have confirmed the field impression for your patient C. all but one possibility for the patient's condition has been elimnated D. you exclude certain possibilities for the patient's condition
D
End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is clearly indicated for patients who present with: A. abdominal pain. B. high blood pressure. C. headache. D. respiratory distress.
D
It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected problem. A. endocrine B. cardiac C. respiratory D. neurologic
D
Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they: A. vomit. B. have a fever. C. are bleeding. D. cough.
D
Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that: A. you are actively infected with tuberculosis and should be treated immediately. B. the disease is dormant in your body, but will probably never cause symptoms. C. you contracted the disease by casual contact instead of exposure to secretions. D. you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient.
D
When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should: A. transport immediately and begin all emergency treatment en route to the hospital. B. perform a detailed secondary assessment prior to transporting the patient. C. have a paramedic unit respond to the scene if it is less than 15 miņutes away. D. limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible.
D
An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: A. the invasion of the human body by a bacterium that cannot be destroyed by antibiotics or other drugs. B. a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another through a number of mechanisms. C. any disease that enters the body via the bloodstream and renders the immune system nonfunctional. D. a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.
D.
Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. loss of appetite and a cough. B. vomiting, fever, and fatigue. C. pain in the muscles and joints. D. jaundice and abdominal pain.
D.
Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include: A. prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B. failure to be vaccinated against any strain of hepatitis. C. history of a respiratory illness within the past 6 to 8 weeks. D. prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.
D.
HIV is caused by what type of organism? A. Bacteria B. Fungus C.Protozoa D.Virus
D.
In addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should involve: A. applying a pulse oximeter probe to the finger to determine if peripheral perfusion is adequate. B. palpating the carotid pulse to determine the approximate rate and checking capillary refill time. C. taking a blood pressure and determining if the patient is alert and oriented or confused. D. checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin.
D.
The acronym "TACOS" is used to ___________ ? A. rule out certain medical conditions B. Determine the nature of the patient's chief complaint C. confirm your patient's priority for transport D.identify factors that may complicate the patient's condition or your treatment
D.
Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem? A. Palpable pain to the epigastrium B. Use of the accessory muscles C. Unequal breath sounds D. Jugular venous distention
D.
