Endocrine Organs and Functions
If you were explaining the functions of the hormones released by the kidneys to a friend who doesn't understand them, which of the following points would NOT be included in your explanation?
Adenosine lowers blood pressure
Which of the following accurately compares two of the types of cells found in the pancreatic islets?
Alpha cells produce glucagon, whereas beta cells produce insulin.
Which of the following is a similarity between calcitonin (CT) and parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Both help regulate blood calvium levels
Parathyroid cells known as _____ cells are thought to produce most or all of the parathyroids' endocrine secretion.
Chief
The adrenal cortex produces _______, whereas the adrenal medulla produces ______ and _______.
Corticosteroid hormones, epinephrine, and nonepinephrine
All of the following hormones are released by the kidneys except:
Glucagon
Which of the following accurately compares the role of glucagon and insulin in regulating blood glucose levels?
Glucagon stimulates organs and tissues to release glucose, whereas insulin stimulates organs and tissues to increase their uptake of glucose
Which of the following accurately compares the three types of steriods produced by the adrenal cortex?
Glucocorticoids manage protein and glucose levels, mineralocorticoids manage the levels of water and salt, and gonadocorticoids can be converted to estradiols.
In addition to its digestive functions, the pancreas secretes hormones necessary to regulate blood ______ levels.
Glucose
If you were doing an oral presentation on organs that have endocrine functions as well as other bodily functions, you would likely make all of the following points excepts:
In addiction to its lymphatic functions, the thymus secretes hormones that increase metabolism, glucose use, protein synthesis, and nervous system development.
In addition to the endocrine glands, hormone-secreting cells occur in all of the following except:
Lymphatic vessels
When blood volume is too great, the heart produces ______, which promote(s) water loss to decrease blood volume and pressure.
Natriuretic peptides
Which two endocrine organs are involved int he stress response?
Pancreas and adrenal glands
Which of the following accurately compares primary and secondary endocrine organs?
Primary endocrine organs release regulatory hormones, whereas secondary endocrine organs have other functions in addition to secreting hormones.
The pineal gland produces melatonin, which
Protects nervous tissue and regulates sleeping patterns
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates all of the following except:
The absorption of calcium from muscles
If you were explaining the role the ovaries and testes play in the endocrine system, which of the following would you most likely say?
The ovaries and testes produce hormones that regulate female and male reproductive processes.
If you were doing an oral presentation on the pineal gland, you would likely make all of the following points except:
The pineal gland is a small reddish-gray body, about 1 cm in diameter, that is attached to the infundibulum of the hypothalamus.
In your friend asked you to explain the functions of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), you would likely say all of the following except:
They increase calcification of bones.
The thyroid consists mainly of spherical sacs known as thyroid follicles, which are lined by epithelial cells that make and screte ______ and _______, and cells within or between follicles make and secrete ________.
Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), calcitonin (CT)
