Endocrine System
The two lobes of the pituitary gland together produce how many hormones?
8
The endocrine system
All of the above (releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body, releases hormone that alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs simultaneously, produces effects that can last for hours, days, even longer)
Steroid hormones
Bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells
The pituitary hormone that produces testosterone release in males and ovulation in females is
LH
The pituitary hormone that promotes testosterone release in males and ovulation in females is
LH
Increased levels of the hormone_____ will lead to increased levels of calcium ion in the blood.
PTH
Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the Hypothalmus travel to the anterior pituitary through the blood of the portal circulation.
True
Generally, the actions of hormones
all of the above (cause changes in the machinery of the cells, tend to be more widespread than actions of the nervous system, are slower to react than the nervous system, are longer lasting than actions of the nervous system)
Endocrine organs can be controlled by
all of the above (direct neural stimulation, releasing hormones from the Hypothalmus, hormones from other endocrine glands)
In response to stress, the concentration of epinephrine
and cortisol increases
Hormones can operate on the_____ level of organization
any of the above (organismic, tissue, cellular, organ)
All of the following are true of steroid hormones, except that they
are produced by the suprarenal medulla
Peptide hormones are
composed of amino acids
The functional organization of the nervous system parallels that of the ____ system in many ways.
endocrine
Steroid hormones exert their action by ______.
entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene.
Which of the following hormones increases and prolongs effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
epinephrine
Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called _____.
hormones
The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are known as:
hormones
____ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues.
hormones
Norepinephrine and epinephrine are considered to be ____ when released into the bloodstream, but _____ when released at synapses.
hormones; neurotransmitters
Cells can respond to _____ hormone(s) at the same time
many
Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by
negative feedback
The hormone(s) that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is (are)
oxytocin
The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is
parathyroid hormone
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
release of insulin in response to high blood sugar
The only hormone to target all cells to some degree is
thyroid hormone
Cortisol suppresses release of ACTH from the anterior love of the pituitary.
true
The adrenal medulla and posterior pituitary are both composed of nervous tissue.
true
