Environment Science 105 chapter 13

When did bottled water consumption rapidly begin to increase?

1990s

According to the United Nations, two-thirds of the world's population may be living in water-stressed countries by what year?

2025

According to the notes, what percentage of plastic bottles are thrown away?

80%

All of the following have been implicated as contaminant dangers in tap water, EXCEPT:

All of the choices are true

Oil is used in all of the following phases of the life cycle of bottled water, EXCEPT:

All of the choices involve the use of oil

Which government agency in the United States oversees municipal water?

EPA

According to the National Tap Water Database, the overall report for Michigan has found that the largest source of pollutants in our state comes from what source?

Industrial pollutants

In underdeveloped countries, bottled water is used to replace water supplies that can be all of the following, EXCEPT:

Local water supplies are often associated with the wealthy only

All of the following statements concerning bottled water and tap water are true, EXCEPT:

No bottled water companies have adopted public water safety standards.

An example of overproduction as it relates to bottled drink choices is:

There are too many choices of bottled drinks.

How are bottle water companies able to get affluent people to purchase water they could otherwise get for free?

Through successful marketing and packaging.

Over the course of 15 years, some people spend as much on bottled water as the purchase of a decent sized home.

True

Tap water is potentially safer than bottled water because it is more strictly regulated.

True

A _______ can be used to determine the environmental impact of a product through all stages of production and consumption.

life cycle analysis

In which location are you most likely to find techno-economic scarcity?

a rapidly growing city in South Africa

Water has traditionally been seen as a _______, but has increasingly been privatized and sold as a _______.

common resource; commodity

Desalinization is an affordable way to increase water supplies.

false

Industrialized nations use less water per capita than less developed countries.

false

Which type of water scarcity involves a lack of water due to climatological and geographical factors?

hydrological scarcity

Which type of water scarcity mostly affects desert regions?

hydrological scarcity

The people of Mecosta County, MI, protested appropriation of groundwater by Nestlé in order to produce which brand of bottled water?

ice mountain

The type of water scarcity that is most prevalent in the United States is _______.

perceptual

Which type of water scarcity involves a belief that existing water supplies are scarce or hazardous?

perceptual scarcity

The Nestlé Corporation seized public water resources in Mecosta County, Michigan in order to bottle and sell the water. This process is known as _______.

primitive accumulation

When water is appropriated from natural or public sources and then sold back to the community at a marked up price, this is called:

primitive accumulation

If a municipal water utility plant wanted to convey information about the safety of tap water, this would be an example of what?

risk communication

Which type of water scarcity involves a lack of water due to inadequate infrastructure from underdevelopment?

techno-economic scarcity

Ounce for ounce, bottled water is more costly than oil.

true

The bottled water industry is susceptible to greenwashing.

true

The rise of the bottled water industry was simultaneous with increasing privatization of municipal water supplies.

true