Environmental Science Chapter 7 Vocab- Lauren
photysynthesis
How do plants make their food?
oysters, shellfish, and migratory birds
What animals can be found in an estuary?
salt tolerant
What are all the plants in a Mangrove Swamp?
poor drainage of glacier lakes
What are bogs the result of?
whales, sea turtles, dolphins, and fish
What are examples of Nekton?
bacteria and fungi
What are examples of decomposers?
carry pollutants into other soil and bodies of water
What can runoff from Eutrophic Lakes do?
runoff
What causes algal blooms?
filter out pollution and sediments, protect shorelines from erosion, and floods
What do coastal wetlands do?
create an algal bloom
What do nitrates do in eutrophication?
flooding and erosion
What do wetlands prevent?
limestone
What does Coral Polyps release?
depletes the dissolved oxygen
What does Eutrophication do to oxygen?
the species becoming increasingly underpopulated
What does overfishing result in?
oxygen
What is a river full of?
throughout the temperate and subarctic regions
Where are Salt Marshes primarily found?
cool northern climates
Where are bogs found?
Coastal Wetlands
covered by salt water for all or part of the year
Phytoplankton
drifting algae; are the food base for aquatic ecosystems; mostly microscopic; can do photosynthesis found on the surface of wetlands because they need the sun to photosynthesis
Zooplankton
drifting animals; may be microscopic or large; cannot do photosynthesis; can prey on themselves or phytoplankton; found near the surface of wetlands such as lakes and swamps
Nekton
free-swimming organisms
Littoral Zone
is the grassy, reedy, marshy perimeter along the banks of our waterways
Flood Control
means to protect land from water overflow
Rhizoid
operate as roots and attaches the plant to rocks using rhizoids
plankton
organisms that cannot swim against currents, so they are drifters
Decomposers
organisms that feed by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms
Chemosynthesis
process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates
Brackish
slightly salty, as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries
Benthic Zone
the lowest ecological zone in a water body, are usually involves the sediments at the seafloor
Photosynthesis
the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen
Overfishing
the removal of a species of fish from a body of water at a rate greater than the species can replenish its population naturally
Coral Polyps
tiny, soft-bodied organisms related to sea anemones and jellyfish that live on coral reefs
runoff
water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
Coral Bleaching
when the water that coral live in is too hot, cold, muddy, or polluted, the algae that lives in the coral will die
Bogs
a freshwater wetland of soft, spongy ground consisting mainly of partially decayed plant matter called peat
Coral Reefs
a limestone ridge, built by tiny coral animals called coral polyps, found in tropical climates and composed of coral fragments that are deposits around organic remaisn
Barrier Islands
a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore
Salt marsh
a maritime habitat characterized by grasses, sedges, and other plants that have adapted to continual, periodic flooding
Estuary
a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flower into it, and with a free connection to the open sea
Dam
a structure that is built across a river to control a river's flow
Mangrove Swamp
a tropical or subtropical marine swamp that is characterized by the abundance of low to tall tress especially, especially mangrove tress
Fens
a type of wetland from either ground or surface water; one of the main types of wetlands along with marshes, swamps, and bogs
Eutrophication
an increase in the amount of nutrients such as nitrates in a marine and aquatic ecosystem
wetland
areas of land that are periodically underwater of whose soil contains a great deal of moisture
Benthos
bottom dwellers such as mussels, worms and barnacles.
