ESL methods 2
What are the features of Contextual Language Teaching?
Values environment and current practices of local community
What are the features of Suggestopedia?
(1) making a comfortable environment student-centered (e.g., providing comfortable chairs and rearranging the physical setting in the classroom (2) using music (classical music, for example Bach or Handel) as a tool for relaxation; (3) emphasizing indirect instruction in the learning process such as using posters and a vocabulary wall (i.e. peripheral learning); (4) creating an error-free climate; (5) having limited out-of-class assignments; and (6) integrating music, art, and drama in the learning process
What is the Audiolingual Method?
A technique of foreign-language instruction that emphasizes audio-lingual skills over reading and writing and is characterized by extensive use of pattern practice.
What are the advantages/disadvantages of the Audiolingual Method?
Advantages: Listening and speaking skills are emphasized and, especially the former, rigorously developed. The use of visual aids is effective in vocabulary teaching. The method is just as functional and easy to execute for larger groups. Correct pronunciation and structure are emphasized and acquired. Disadvantages: Students had difficulty moving from their memorized dialogues to real-life communication Does not have the ability to provide a lasting and deeper understanding of a second language(Larsen-Freeman & Long, 1991)
What are the advantages/disadvantages of Communicative Language Teaching?
Advantages: The most obvious advantage in communicative language teaching is that of the increase of fluency in the target language. This enables the learners to be more confident when interacting with other people and they also enjoy talking more. Disadvantages: In recent years, however, communicative language teaching has been criticized for imposing a Western framework on non-Western cultures (Hu, 2005). In other words, the question is whether the teaching practice matches the specific local climate (e.g., economic, social, and cultural factors).
What are the advantages/disadvantages of the Silent Way?
Advantages: can be effective to promote learners' ability to solve problems independently. Disadvantages: Limited communication
What are the advantages/disadvantages of Suggestopedia?
Advantages: innovative teaching method that highlights the significance of environmental and mental factors in foreign and second language learning Disadvantages: Requires a small classroom size Does not work for everyone
What are the advantages/disadvantages of contextual Language Teaching?
Advantages: motivates and encourages the learners to introspect and explore their talent and learning. Disadvantages: Teachers need to understand L2 theories and discover what works best within a particular community
What are the advantages/disadvantages of TPR?
Advantages: helps learners understand target languages and aid in long-term retention in a stress-free approach. This method can be uses to teach vocabulary connected to actions, classroom directions, and storytelling. Disadvantages: Some may believe that TPR is only appropriate for beginning-level students
What are the advantages/disadvantages of the Direct Method?
Advantages: allows the learner to successfully express themselves with only the target language, without mixing words with their native language. Disadvantages: Teacher=student ration has to be controlled to allow interaction with every student Can be difficult for beginners
What are the advantages/disadvantages of Grammar Translation?
Advantages: learners can easily have access to various grammatical rules and words via their native language and direct instruction. Teachers with various levels of English proficiency can design lessons and apply the grammar-translation method Disadvantages: not baseed on any theory,
What are the features of the Audiolingual Method?
Originated in the late 1930s and early 1940s (World War II) Influenced by behaviorism Language learning was viewed as mechanical habit formation. Dialogue memorization and drills focused on particular language structures
Self-Reflection - Do you agree that learning a second or foreign language is the same as learning your first? Why or why not?
I do not think it is the same as learning your first. I think it depends on what age you start learning the native language.
Self-Reflection - What are some examples you can think of where communicative language teaching may not work with ELLs?
If the teaching practice does not match the specific learning climate.
What is the Grammar-Translation Method?
It is the most traditional approach to treat L2 learning in the same way as any other academic subject, vocabulary lists and sets of grammar rules are used to define the target of learning and writing the language are more important then spoken language.
Self-Reflection - In what ways can the Silent Way prove to be useful in the classroom?
Silence can be used to help students correct their own errors. Teachers can remain silent when a student makes a mistake to give them time to self-correct; they can also help students with their pronunciation by mouthing words without vocalizing, and by using certain hand gestures.
What are the features of TPR?
TPR addresses the connection between physical responses and oral commands
Self-Reflection - If you were learning a second language, do you think Suggestopedia would be helpful? Why or why not?
YES! I probably would be too stressed to do well or just feel uncomfortable and not want to learn if the stakes were high.
Self-Reflection - Do you think Contextual Language Teaching is practical? Why or why not?
Yes. because teachers can help each other out and get ideas from each other of what the best idea is.
What are the features of the Direct Method?
aims to build a direct connection between language learning and experience, promoting learners' communicative skills lessons are provided in the target language
What are the features of Communicative Language Teaching?
authentic meaningful communication and learning as creative instruction providing grammar instruction—a "focus on form"—within the communicative context of a particular academic subject
What is the Direct Method?
emphasizes the use of the target language
What is Suggestopedia?
highlights the significance of mental comfort and confidence in developing learning efficacy and efficiency.
What are the 4 general stages of Suggestopedia?
introduction concert elaboration production
What is Contextual Language Teaching?
involves making learning meaningful to students by connecting to the real world. It draws upon students' diverse skills, interests, experiences, and cultures and integrates these into what and how students learn and how they are assessed.
What are the features of the Silent Way?
learners play an active role in learning and discovering knowledge Uses specific materials for nonverbal teaching of language
What is Communicative Language Teaching?
learning the target language for communication
Web Articles on Transforming Classroom Management for ELLs What are the key issues discussed? What strategies are recommended?
practical ways to get students involved and behaving for example Interest in students Celebrating students' languages and cultures Examining our cultural lens Creating a culture of learning Keep it positive Developing norms or agreements Explicit teaching of social skills Social objectives Active student participation
What are the features of Grammar-Translation?
practice exercises, including memorizing grammatical rules and vocabulary, and reading and translating sentences the native language is emphasized and utilized in foreign-language acquisition
Self-Reflection - What are some common classroom games you can adapt to incorporate TPR? How would they need to be adapted?
storytelling.
What is the Silent Way?
using silence as a tool in language teaching and autonomous learning.
What is Total Physical Response (TPR)?
utilizing commands and actions in language teaching and the learning process
Self-Reflection - Did you find drills useful when learning a second or foreign language? Why or why not? When do you think they would be useful in a classroom?
yes especially audio or movies.
