Essentials of Nutrition Chapter 4 Quiz

The breakdown of dietary carbohydrates releases _____kcal/g of energy.

4

Dietary fiber can help reduce blood cholesterol levels by:

All of the above

Studies suggest that the incidence of colon cancer may be lowered with high fiber diets. How might this be explained?

All of the above

Which of the following conditions is likely to increase ketone production?

All of the above

One possible negative effect of excessive fiber consumption is:

Decreased absorption of calcium and iron

A diet high in dietary fiber can help reduce the risk of developing:

Diverticular disease

Refined grain products contain predominantly what part(s) of the kernel?

Endosperm

Carbohydrate loading, a training technique used by some endurance athletes, can help to increase _____________ stores.

Glycogen

Which hormone is most important for glucose uptake by body cells?

Insulin

The concentration of glucose in the blood is primarily regulated by:

Pancreatic hormones

Which of the following statements about Type 1 diabetes is correct?

The immune system destroys the pancreatic cells that produce insulin.

Which of the following sequences represents a monosaccharide followed by a disaccharide followed by a polysaccharide?

fructose, sucrose, starch

The structure of glycogen consists of:

highly branched chains

Lactose intolerance is caused by:

inadequate production of the enzyme lactase.

Dietary fiber promotes a healthy intestinal microflora in part by:

promoting the production of short chain fatty acids, which provide metabolic fuel for colonic cells

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that:

splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

Sugar alcohols are:

structurally similar to dietary sugars.

Aerobic metabolism occurs in

the mitochondria of the cell

Which of the following statements about glycogen is FALSE?

the primary role of muscle glycogen is to maintain blood glucose levels

Carbohydrates promote dental caries by which of the following mechanisms?

Bacteria metabolize carbohydrate to form acids, which break down enamel

Which of the following foods are the best sources of complex carbohydrates?

Cereals and grains

Which of the following types of diabetes is classified as an autoimmune disease?

Type 1

An oligosaccharide is a:

carbohydrate containing 3-10 sugar units.

Indigestible carbohydrates provide positive health benefits in part by:

increasing the bulk of the colonic contents

Dietary fiber is categorized by:

its solubility in water