Exam 1

c) Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan

A technique that records activity levels in various areas of the brain is called ________. a) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan b) Computed tomographic (CT) scan c) Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan d) electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB)

c) Positron emission tomography (PET)

An imagining technique that captures brain activity by attaching radioactive particles to glucose molecules is called __________. a) Electroencephalograph (EEG) b) Electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) c) Positron emission tomography (PET) d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

b) dynamic unconscious

In Freudian theory, the parts of the mind that are beyond awareness, especially conflicts, impulses, and desires not directly known to a person, are referred to as __________. a) dynamic conscious b) dynamic unconscious c) psychoanalysis d) random behavior

c) Confirmation bias

Janessa is convinced that her favorite purple shirt is lucky. Whenever she wears it, good things happen to her. Except for the one time that she spilled coffee on herself, and another time when she was late for the bus. But Janessa is convinced those events don't have anything to do with her purple shirt - only the luck does. What is this an example of? a) Uncritical acceptance b) Awareness bias c) Confirmation bias d) Critical acceptance

b) Jim should not use this research as scholarly since it is a blog page and not peer reviewed.

Jim was doing research and found a website that had information on it that said milk was bad for your health. He further reviewed the website and saw the word "blog" in the website address. What should Jim do with this piece of information that he found while conducting research? a) Jim should contact the writer of this blog page and confirm the validity of the writer's research. b) Jim should not use this research as scholarly since it is a blog page and not peer reviewed. c) Jim should contact the writer of this blog page and request that it be peer reviewed. d) Jim should feel comfortable using this research since it is a blog page and a scholarly work.

c) Naturalistic observation

Megan is a researcher interested in how many parents with children walk by the toy store in the mall without stopping in. She creates a quick table with check boxes to include whether the parent is a man or a woman, the child is a boy or a girl, how many children are together, what day of the week and time of day it is. Which of the following is this an example of? a) Quasi-experimental research b) Case study (clinical method) c) Naturalistic observation d) Correlational research

b) neuroplasticity

The capacity of the brain to change in response to experience is called __________? a) neuroadjustment b) neuroplasticity c) neurogenesis d) synapsis

c) The primary somatosensory area

Touch, temperature, pressure. and other bodily sensations flow into _____________. a) Wernicke's area b) Broca's area c) The primary somatosensory area d) The primary auditory area

d) Melatonin

What is a hormone released by the pineal gland in response to daily cycles of light and dark called? a) Oxytocin b) Norepinephrine c) Epinephrine d) Melatonin

a) school of psychology that considers behaviors in terms of active adaptations

What is functionalism? a) School of psychology that considers behaviors in terms of active adaptations b) Study of thinking, learning, perception in whole units only, not parts c) School of psychology that studies individual sensations and personal experiences d) School of psychology that emphasizes study of observable actions over the study of the mind

a) saltatory conduction

What is the process by which action potentials jump from gap to gap via the myelin sheath called? a) saltatory conduction b) synaptic transmission c) neurotransmission d) neuropeptide conduction

d) Observer bias

Which is a problem in which experimenters see what they expect to see or record only selected details? a) Anthropomorphic error b) Observer effect c) Participant bias d) Observer bias

b) A speech disturbance resulting from brain damage

Which of the following best defines the term aphasia? a) An inability to identify visible objects b) A speech disturbance resulting from brain damage c) An inability to perceive familiar faces d) An inability to interact with people

c) An area in the frontal lobe related to speech production

Which of the following best describes Broca's area? a) A brain area associated with the control of movement b) All areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily sensory or motor in function c) An area in the frontal lobe related to speech production d) Areas of the cortex associated with movement, the sense of self, and higher mental functions

b) Functionalism

Which of the following doctrines considers consciousness as an ever-changing stream or flow of images and sensations, not a set of lifeless building blocks? a) Determinism b) Functionalism c) Structuralism d) Gestalt psychology

c) Judging the quality of the evidence is crucial.

Which of the following is a basic principle of critical thinking? a) Religious beliefs and personal values should be evaluated by applying the rules of logic, evidence, and the scientific method. b) If an authority is sincere or convincing, you can safely believe his/her ideas to be true. c) Judging the quality of the evidence is crucial. d) Critical thinking requires open-mindedness to the point of being gullible.

c) Cause and effect relationships cannot be confirmed.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of correlational research? a) Obtaining a representative sample is critical and can be difficult to do. b) It does not provide a control group for comparison. c) Cause and effect relationships cannot be confirmed. d) Observed behavior may be altered by the presence of the observer.

a) It allows investigation of rare or unusual problems or events.

Which of the following is an advantage of the clinical method as a form of research? a) It allows investigation of rare or unusual problems or events. b) It allows information about large numbers of people to be gathered. c) There is no need to wait for a natural event. d) Behavior is observed in a natural setting and much in formation is obtained.

a) Recognizing patterns

Which of the following is primarily a function of the right hemisphere of the brain? a) Recognizing patterns b) Speaking c) Writing d) Judging time and rhythm

a) sense of self, executive functions, and planning

Which of the following is the prefrontal cortex responsible for? a) sense of self, executive functions, and planning b) sensations of touch, temperature, and pressure c) language, especially grammar and pronunciation d) posture, coordination, and muscle tone

b) endocrine system

Which of the following refers to a network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream? a) hormonal system b) endocrine system c) sympathetic nervous system d) parasympathetic nervous system

c) Control groups do not receive the intervention; Experimental groups receive the intervention.

Which of the following statements highlights the differences between experimental and control groups? a) Control groups receive the intervention, while experimental groups do not receive the intervention. b) Both control groups and experimental groups receive intervention. c) Control groups do not receive the intervention; Experimental groups receive the intervention. d) Neither control groups nor experimental groups receive information.

a) cultural relativity

Which of these is the idea that behavior must be judged in relation to the values of the society in which it occurs? a) Cultural relativity b) Positive psychology c) Evolutionary psychology d) Social relativity

b) hypothalamus

Which one of the following areas of the brain regulates emotional behaviors and basic biological needs? a) thalamus b) hypothalamus c) cerebellum d) pons

c) Hippocampus

Which part of the limbic system is important for memory formation? a) Amygdala b) Thalamus c) Hippocampus d) Hypothalamus