Exam 1 Chap 5
hemangioma.
A benign tumor resulting from excess blood vessels under the skin is called a
Epidermal dendritic cell
A phagocytic cell (active in immune response)
spinosum.
After a stem cell divides in the epidermal stratum basale, the resulting daughter cell enters the stratum
Active phase of growth
Anagen phase
Secretes sweat into a hair follicle
Apocrine gland
Papillary layer
Areolar connective tissue
Most common type
Basal cell carcinoma
Keratin
Fibrous protein in epidermis
Fingernails
Formed from stratum corneum
Nail bed
You accidentally cut your fingernail too far, causing a sharp pain and some bleeding. Which part of your nail was injured? rev: 09_18_2017_QC_CS-101184
Swelling where the hair originates
Hair bulb
Region of hair growth
Hair matrix
Contains blood vessels and nerves
Hair papilla
Portion of hair within the follicle
Hair root
Portion of hair beyond the skin surface
Hair shaft
Brief regression period
Catagen phase
Protection Prevention of water loss Temperature regulation Immune defense
Check all that are a function of the integument.
Reduced activity of skin stem cells Collagen fibers in the dermis decrease in number
Check all that commonly occur in the skin during aging.
The subcutaneous layer is not part of the integument. The subcutaneous layer consists of areolar and adipose connective tissue. One of the functions of the subcutaneous layer is thermal insulation. It is commonly used as an injection site for medications.
Check all the statements that are true regarding the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis).
Integument
Composed of epidermis and dermis
Reticular
Dense irregular connective tissue in the skin is found specifically in the _______ layer.
dendritic cells
Epidermal __________ accomplish their immune function by their phagocytic activity, which initiates an immune response against invaders.
Subcutaneous layer
Layer deep to dermis
collagen
Lines of cleavage (tension lines) in the skin relate to the predominant orientation of __________ fiber bundles.
Most deadly type
Malignant melanoma
Secretes sweat onto the skin surface
Merocrine gland
Merocrine sweat
Most common type of exocrine gland
Keratinocytes
Most numerous epidermal cell
Insensible
Normal constant water loss from the skin when we are not actively sweating is referred to as _______ perspiration.
Melanocytes
Pigment-forming cells
Keratinocytes activated by sunlight Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is produced Calcitriol (a hormone) is produced by the kidneys Increased absorption of calcium and phosphate by the small intestine
Put the steps involved in the vitamin D pathway in their correct order.
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Put the tissues that are involved with the integument in order, beginning with the most superficial layer and ending with the deepest layer.
Tactile cells
Receptors for touch
Secretes an oily material into a hair follicle
Sebaceous gland
A single hair is termed a pilus. Terminal hair is coarse and pigmented.
Select all that are true regarding hair.
Arrector pili
Smooth muscles attached to hair follicles are responsible for pulling hair erect, providing a slight increase in the insulating layer around our bodies. These smooth muscles are referred to as _______ _______ muscles.
Arises from stratum spinosum
Squamous cell carcinoma
Deepest layer
Stratum basale
20-30 layers of dead keratinocytes
Stratum corneum
Three to five layers of keratinocytes
Stratum granulosum
Thin, clear layer
Stratum lucidum
Contains keratinocytes and dendritic cells
Stratum spinosum
White hair results from the lack of pigment production.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the changes in hair that occur with age?
Resting phase; hair is shed
Telogen phase
True
The allele for baldness is dominant in males but is recessive in females.
True
The changing size and appearance of a mole is a warning sign for cancer.
epidermal ridges.
The dermal papillae interlock with deep projections of the epidermis called
stratified squamous epithelium; dense irregular and areolar
The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of _____________, and the dermis, which is composed of ____________ connective tissue.
keratinocytes.
The most abundant cells of the epidermis are called
areolar
The papillary layer of the dermis contains __________ connective tissue and dermal papillae.
False
The skin of the lips, palms, and soles of the feet have only four layers.
False
Variance in skin pigmentation by individual is due to differences in the number of melanocytes present in the skin.
Cells will be squamous in shape The stratum forms the free surface of the epithelium.
What are some characteristics to look for when identifying stratum corneum under the microscope?
The cells will have a nucleus. Cells will be polygonal in shape.
What are some characteristics to look for when identifying stratum spinosum under the microscope?
tactile cells
When compressed, ___________ release chemicals that stimulate sensory nerve endings in the dermis.
Dermis
When receiving a tattoo, dye is injected into a portion of the skin where cell turnover is low and the dye remains permanently. Into which specific layer of the skin is the dye injected?
vasoconstrict
When you are cold, the dermal blood vessels ______________ in order to conserve heat.
Hair follicles
Which of the following is not found in thick skin?
Sebum
Which of the following is the secretion of the gland highlighted in yellow below?Sebum