Exam 1
Nearly all the states during the 1890s adopted the secret or
"Australian" ballot
What was the West African proverb that President Theodore Roosevelt was fond of?
speak softly and carry a big stick
Eugenics studied the mental characteristics of different ethnicities and races, and blamed many social problems on people with defective genes.
true
In the Progressive era, industry was on the rise and agriculture was in decline.
False
What U.S. President, a century after the rise of exclusionary immigration laws passed by Congress in the late 1800s, generated a bitter public and international debate for launching an effort to build an actual wall along the U.S.-Mexico border?
President Donald Trump
President Woodrow Wilson authorized more military interventions into Latin America than any other president in American history.
True
Woodrow Wilson believed that the United States had a right, even a duty, to intervene from time to time in the affairs of other countries.
True
In her influential book, Woman and Economics, Charlotte Perkins Gilman reinforced this idea.
Woman's freedom lay through the workplace rather than only the domestic scene.
Randolph Bourne's vision of America was
a cosmopolitan, democratic society in which immigrants and natives would create a new "trans-national" culture.
A leading characterization of U.S. foreign policy in the early twentieth century was
dollar diplomacy
The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
prohibited federal and state governments from denying any citizen the vote because of race.
What subject were eugenicists so obsessed about?
Racial Purity
During the 1880s, the South as a region
Sank deeper and deeper into poverty
What event took place in Colfax, Louisiana, in 1873
The bloodiest act of violence during Reconstruction took place, with armed whites massacring scores of former slaves.
After emancipation, many freedwomen elected to withdraw from work in the fields and focus their energies at home.
True
Another important example of federal intervention and a new activism on the part of the national government into the economy was passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) by which the federal government became the agent policing the labeling and quality of food and drugs.
True
As late as 1940, only 3 percent of adult black southerners were registered to vote.
True
The term "Progressive" that came into common use around 1910 describes
a loosely defined political movement of people who hoped to bring about social and political change in American life.
The Reconstruction amendments to the U.S. Constitution helped to create
the first national biracial democracy in world history.
Elk v. Wilkins (1884) stated that
the rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments did not apply to American Indians.
Who was the leader of the National Woman's Party, an organization that employed militant tactics in favor of women's suffrage?
Alice Paul
The poem by Emma Lazarus including "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" is located on which American landmark?
Statue of Liberty
What was the name of the labor organization of principally white, male, skilled workers that arose in the 1880s and was headed by Samuel Gompers?
The American Federation of Labor
The conservationist movement is most closely related to which president?
Theodore Roosevelt
Black Codes denied black Americans the right to testify against whites, serve on juries or in state militias, and vote.
True
By 1910, more than 40 percent of New York City's population had been born abroad.
True
Who founded the Society of American Indians in 1911?
Carlos Montezuma
After America entered World War I, antiwar opposition disappeared.
False
In 1879, for the first time since the Civil War, the United States departed from the gold standard.
False
What 1893 United States Supreme Court decision authorized the federal government to expel Chinese immigrants without due process of law?
Fong Yue Ting v. United States
Who benefitted the most from the Wassaja newsletter?
Future American Activists
Who was the first black senator elected in U.S. history in 1870?
Hiram Revels
What was one of the principal tasks and objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau (1865-1870)?
settling disputes between whites and blacks and among the freedpeople
Which of the following can be associated with the decline of the Knights of Labor?
Haymarket Square
What Christian denomination commanded the largest African-American following in the South after the Civil War?
Methodist
Which of the following was a major factor in the creation of a rapid and profound economic revolution in the United States after the Civil War?
Abundant Natural Resources
Among the following, who was a "captain of industry"?
Andrew Carnegie
During the Progressive era, economic production shifted from capital goods to
Consumer products
Although Reconstruction brought profound changes, the postwar South was peopled with the same social classes as it always had been.
False
Although ethnic diversity is generally associated with eastern cities, in the late nineteenth century the most multicultural state in the Union was Arizona.
False
By 1912, the Socialist Party had dwindled, losing many of their political office posts and lessening ties with radical newspapers and magazines.
False
In 2012, Congress passed a Resolution of Regret apologizing for exclusion laws passed against Mexican people wanting to enter the nation in the late 1800s.
False
In consequence of the Reconstruction governments across the South, the region became a vibrant and successful hub of dynamic and expansive economic growth, allowing many African-Americans to escape from poverty.
False
In the late 1800s, farm families in the trans-Mississippi West became less dependent on loans as they were able to purchase land, machinery, and industrial products despite the prices for agricultural goods in the world market.
False
No one was ever convicted under the 1917 Espionage Act or the 1918 Sedition Act.
False
Progressives worked to reform the structure of government to increase the power of political bosses.
False
The Lost Cause mythology was rarely incorporated into churches as slavery was still questionable in the Bible.
False
The West was a remarkably homogeneous region--only in the twentieth century would it become ethnically divers
False
Which of the following is attributed to Eugene V. Debs?
He ran an unsuccessful attempt for the position of President of the United States.
What was the significance of the Reconstruction Act of March 1867?
It divided the South into five military districts and called for the creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote.
Why did the Society of American Indians form in 1911?
It was formed to provide Native Americans with remedies for social injustice.
The new agricultural empire producing wheat and corn for national and international markets arose in the
Middle Border
Which of the following states did not allow Indians to vote in 1948?
New Mexico and Arizona
Dollar Diplomacy, the U.S. foreign policy that emphasized economic investment and loans from American banks, rather than direct military intervention, was the policy of
William Taft
Which of the following was a military technology used during World War I?
airplanes
What did three amendments to the U.S. Constitution guarantee to former slaves shortly after the Civil War?
freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; and the vote for adult black men
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony opposed the Fifteenth Amendment because
it outlawed discrimination in voting based on race but not gender.
The Black Codes were
laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves in the South.
The right to dissent from government policy during World War I
met sweeping repression from the U.S. government and the public.
Between 1901 and 1920, the U.S. marines landed in Caribbean countries
more than 20 times
Of the great ideologies that had arisen in nineteenth-century America, which, by 1920, had proven most powerful?
nationalism
As part of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes ordered federal troops in _________ to return to their barracks and stop guarding state houses
the South
Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction
were often arrested and hired out to white landowners.
Prohibition was appealing from a government standpoint because
while brief, the Eighteenth Amendment unified the country behind a common Progressive cause.
Eugene V. Debs, a Socialist Party leader, was imprisoned for delivering an antiwar speech.
True
Following the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, the vast majority of eligible African-Americans registered to vote.
True
In 1915, the United States Supreme Court invalidated the "grandfather clause" for violating the Fifteenth Amendment.
True
In setting out to destroy the Indian economy and way of life after the Civil War, U.S. generals decimated the buffalo population.
True
In the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment had not altered traditional federalism.
True
Ten of the twelve states that by 1916 had adopted women's suffrage were carried by Wilson in the election that year; without women's votes, Wilson would not have been reelected.
True
The Federal Reserve System (1913) and the Federal Trade Commission (1914) were major examples of the remarkable expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy during the Progressive era.
True
The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of four convicted anarchists.
True
The KKK was founded in 1866 as a secret society and served, in effect, as a military arm of the Democratic Party.
True
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) launched a long battle for the enforcement of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.
True
The Platt Amendment authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba whenever it saw fit.
True
Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?
1880
In what year did Congress grant citizenship to all Native Americans?
1924
Between 1870 in 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas?
25 million
How many Indians inhabited the United States in 1919?
300,000
During the Progressive era, numerous products utilized the image of the Statue of Liberty as a sales device.
True
How many soldiers perished during World War I worldwide?
10 million
This term asserted governmental action to address urban problems and the insecurities of working-class life.
Social legislation
The belief that private control of economic enterprises should be replaced by government ownership in order to ensure a fairer distribution of the benefits of the wealth produced is called
Socialism
Which of the following was an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?
Telephone
Which series of events is listed in proper sequence?
Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of President Andrew Johnson; election of Ulysses S. Grant
Henry Ford's factory adopted a method of production known as
The moving assembly line
Why were the doors locked during the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire?
The owners didn't want women to have too many bathroom breaks.
By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows, and children consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget.
True
Cities expanded so rapidly that by 1920 for the first time more Americans lived in towns and cities than in rural areas.
True
Congress created the Federal Reserve System in 1913, consisting of twelve regional banks.
True
