Exam 3 Quiz Questions pt. 2

The symptoms of PTSD include a) intrusive memories b) flashbacks of the traumatic experience c) increased anxiety d) irritability

A, B, C, D

Anxiety disorders have been related to which of the following? a) hyperactivity of the amygdala b) diminished activity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminals c) elevated activity of the prefrontal cortex d) diminished activity of the hippocampus

A, C, D a) hyperactivity of the amygdala c) elevated activity of the prefrontal cortex d) diminished activity of the hippocampus

What is the role of the central nucleus of the amygdala in the stress response? a) activation of the hippocampus b) activates hypothalamic stimulation of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system c) activates periaqueductal gray matter to produce avoidance behavior d) activates the diffuse modulatory systems of the brain to increase vigilance

B, C, D b) activates hypothalamic stimulation of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system c) activates periaqueductal gray matter to produce avoidance behavior d) activates the diffuse modulatory systems of the brain to increase vigilance

The basolateral nuclei of the amygdala receives a) auditory, tactile, gustatory, and visual afferents b) visual and olfactory afferents c) olfactory afferents

a) auditory, tactile, gustatory, and visual afferents

Electrical stimulation of the amygdala elicits what response in humans? a) increased anxiety and fear b) increased recognition of fearful, happy, and neutral facial expressions c) decreased vigilance or attention d) decreased fear and aggression

a) increased anxiety and fear

Injecting corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) into experimental animals can produce which of the following behavioral effects? a) increased behavioral expression of anxiety b) psychotic behaviors c) hyperactivity d) decreased fear response

a) increased behavioral expression of anxiety

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is released by the anterior pituitary gland when what neurochemical is released by parvocellular neurosecretory neurons of the hypothalamus? a) Serotonin b) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) c) GABA d) Norepinephrine (NE)

b) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

What is the role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminals in anxiety disorders? a) activates the amygdala during the stress response b) activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the stress response c) inhibits the stress response d) activates the hippocampus during the stress response

b) activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the stress response

Lesions of the periaqueductal gray would affect a) feeling pain b) running away from something scary c) sweating in response to something that induces fear d) an increase in heart rate when presented with something that induces fear

b) running away from something scary

Information from the visual and auditory sensory systems feeds into which part of the amygdala? a) Corticomedial nuclei b) Central nucleus c) Basolateral nuclei d) Stria terminalis

c) Basolateral nuclei

Which are two major classes of anxiolytic drugs? a) MAO inhibitors and lithium b) lithium and tricyclic compounds c) benzodiazepines and serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors d) Tricyclic compounds and MAO inhibitors

c) benzodiazepines and serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors

Dimensional emotion theories propose what about emotions? a) Each emotion results from a pattern of brain activation involving particular areas per emotion b) each emotion has a one-to-one correspondence with a particular area of brain activation c) emotions can be broken down into smaller fundamental elements combined in different ways d) sensory signals have direct emotional impact on the brain regardless of how they are perceived

c) emotions can be broken down into smaller fundamental elements combined in different ways

In learned fear, the central nucleus of the amygdala transmits information through the _______ to evoke autonomic responses a) somatosensory cortex b) periaqueductal gray c) hypothalamus d) cerebral cortex

c) hypothalamus

In the proposed neural circuit for learned fear, the state of the ANS is altered by what neural connection? a) cells in the basolateral region of the amygdala project to the central nucleus of the amygdala b) cells in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala project to the cerebral cortex c) sensory information is sent to the basolateral region of the amygdala d) efferents from the central nucleus of the amygdala project to the hypothalamus

d) efferents from the central nucleus of the amygdala project to the hypothalamus

What is the most common symptom of amygdala lesions in humans? a) placid demeanor b) emotional disturbances such as spontaneous crying c) Kluver-Bucy syndrome d) inability to recognize the facial expression of fear

d) inability to recognize the facial expression of fear

What is the role of the hippocampus in the stress response? a) releases adrenocorticotropic hormone into the bloodstream b) stimulates the release of CRH from the hypothalamus c) releases CRH into the portal circulation d) suppresses the release of CRH from the hypothalamus

d) suppresses the release of CRH from the hypothalamus

What led to the belief that the anterior thalamus plays an important role in emotion? a) the observation that the anterior thalamus governs the behavioral expression of emotion b) the observation that the anterior thalamus is affected by the virus responsible for rabies c) the observation that tumors in the anterior thalamus led to fear, irritability and depression d) the observation that lesions in the anterior thalamus led to spontaneous laughing and crying

d) the observation that lesions in the anterior thalamus led to spontaneous laughing and crying