EXIT HESI

The nurse is managing the care of a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which interventions should the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply)

- Weigh the client and report any weight gain. - Report any client complaint of pain or discomfort. - Note and report the client's food and liquid intake during meals and snacks.

The nurse administers an antibiotic to a client with respiratory tract infection. To evaluate the medication's effectiveness, which laboratory values should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply)

- White blood cell (WBC) count - Sputum culture and sensitivity

The nurse is completing a head to be assessment for a client admitted for observation after falling out of a tree. Which finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Clear fluid leaking from the nose.

An older male client with type 2 diabetes mellitus reports that has experiences legs pain when walking short distances, and that the pain is relieved by rest. Which client behavior indicates an understanding of healthcare teaching to promote more effective arterial circulation?

Completely stop cigarette/ cigar smoking.

A client with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is receiving trazodone (Desyrel), a recently prescribed atypical antidepressant. The caregiver tells the home health nurse that the client's mood and sleep patterns are improved, but there is no change in cognitive ability. How should the nurse respond to this information?

Confirm the desired effect of the medication has been achieved.

Following surgery, a male client with antisocial personality disorder frequently requests that a specific nurse be assigned to his care and is belligerent when another nurse is assigned. What action should the charge nurse implement?

Advise the client that assignments are not based on clients requests

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) assigned to obtain client vital signs reports to the charge nurse that a client has a weak pulse with a rate of 44 beat/minutes. What action should the charge nurse implement?

Assign a practical nurse (LPN) to determine if an apical radial deficit is present

An adult who is 5 feet 5 inches (165.1 cm) tall and weighs 90 lb. (40.8 Kg) is admitted with a diagnosis of chronic anorexia. The client receives a regular diet for 2 days, and the client's medical records indicates that 100% of the diet provided has been consumed. However the client's weight on the third day morning after admission is 89 lb. (40.4 Kg). What action should the nurse implement?

Assign staff to monitor what the client eats.

An adult client with severe depression was admitted to the psychiatric unit yesterday evening. Although the client ran one year ago, his spouse states that the client no longer runs, bur sits and watches television most of the day. Which is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care for today?

Assist client in identifying goals for the day.

Several months after a foot injury, and adult woman is diagnosed with neuropathic pain. The client describes the pain as severe and burning and is unable to put weight on her foot. She asks the nurse when the pain will "finally go away." How should the nurse respond?

Assist the client in developing a goal of managing the pain

While receiving a male postoperative client's staples de nurse observe that the client's eyes are closed and his face and hands are clenched. The client states, "I just hate having staples removed". After acknowledgement the client's anxiety, what action should the nurse implement?

Attempt to distract the client with general conversation — Rational: Distract is an effective strategy when a client experience anxiety during an uncomfortable procedure. (A & D) increase the client's anxiety.

A male client, who is 24 hours postoperative for an exploratory laparotomy, complains that he is "starving" because he has had no "real food" since before the surgery. Prior to advancing his diet, which intervention should the nurse implement?

Auscultate bowel sounds in all four quadrants

The nurse notes that a client has been receiving hydromorphone (Dilaudid) every six hours for four days. What assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?

Auscultate the client's bowel sounds Rationale: hydromorphone is a potent opioid analgesic that slows peristalsis and frequently causes constipation, so it is most important to Auscultate the client's bowel sounds

The nurse should teach the client to observe which precaution while taking dronedarone?

Avoid grapefruits and its juice

A client with atrial fibrillation receives a new prescription for dabigatran. What instruction should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan?

Avoid use of NSAIDs

A client is being discharged with a prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). What instruction should the nurse provide this client regarding diet?

Eat approximated the same amount of leafy green vegetables daily so the amount of vitamin K consumed is consistent.

In preparing a diabetes education program, which goal should the nurse identify as the primary emphasis for a class on diabetes self-management?

Enable clients to become active participating in controlling the disease process

After a sudden loss of consciousness, a female client is taken to the ED and initial assessment indicate that her blood glucose level is critically low. Once her glucose level is stabilized, the client reports that was recently diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and is being treated at an outpatient clinic. Which intervention is more important to include in this client's discharge plan?

Encourage a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet

A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. The client admits to drinking a pint of bourbon daily. The nurse medicates the client for pain and monitors vital signs q2 hours. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?

Confusion and tremors

A client admitted to the psychiatric unit diagnosed with major depression wants to sleep during the day, refuses to take a bath, and refuses to eat. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?

Establish a structured routine for the client to follow.

While in the medical records department, the nurse observes several old medical records with names visible in waste container. What action should the nurse implement?

Contact the medical records department supervisor.

The nurse ends the assessment of a client by performing a mental status exam. Which statement correctly describes the purpose of the mental status exam?

Evaluate the client's mood, cognition and orientation.

A young boy who is in a chronic vegetative state and living at home is readmitted to the hospital with pneumonia and pressure ulcers. The mother insists that she is capable of caring for her son and which action should the nurse implement next?

Determine the mother's basic skill level in providing care.

The nurse is preparing to administer an oral antibiotic to a client with unilateral weakness, ptosis, mouth drooping and, aspiration pneumonia. What is the priority nursing assessment that should be done before administering this medication?

Determine which side of the body is weak.

The mother of a 7-month-old brings the infant to the clinic because the skin in the diaper area is excoriated and red, but there are no blisters or bleeding. The mother reports no evidence of watery stools. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?

Instruct the mother to change the child's diaper more often.

A child newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia (SCA) is being discharged from the hospital. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide the parents prior to discharge?

Instructions about how much fluid the child should drink daily

A client at 30 week gestation is admitted due to preterm labor. A prescription of terbutaline sulfate 8.35 mg is gives subcutaneously. Based on which finding should the nurse withhold the next dose of this drug?

Maternal pulse rate of 162 beats per min

The nurse is caring for a client who had gastric bypass surgery yesterday. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement during the first 24 postoperative hours?

Measure hourly urinary output. — Rationale: a serious early complications of gastric bypass surgery is an anastomoses leak, often resulting in death.

While assisting a client who recently had a hip replacement into a bed pan, the nurse notices that there is a small amount of bloody drainage on the surgical dressing, the client's skin is warm to the touch, and there is a strong odor from the urine. Which action should the nurse take?

Measure the client's oral temperature

A female client has been taking a high dose of prednisone, a corticosteroid, for several months. After stopping the medication abruptly, the client reports feeling "very tired". Which nursing intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Measure vital signs

A 66-year-old woman is retiring and will no longer have a health insurance through her place of employment. Which agency should the client be referred to by the employee health nurse for health insurance needs?

Medicare

Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care for a child with tetanus?

Minimize the amount of stimuli in the room

A female client reports that her hair is becoming coarse and breaking off, that the outer part of her eyebrows have disappeared, and that her eyes are all puffy. Which follow-up question is best for the nurse to ask?

Have you noticed any changes in your fingernails? — Rationale: The pattern of reported manifestations is suggestive of hypothyroidism

The nurse receives a newborn within the first minutes after a vaginal delivery and intervenes to establish adequate respirations. What priority issue should the nurse address to ensure the newborn's survival?

Heat loss

In assessing a client at 34-weeks' gestation, the nurse notes that she has a slightly elevated total T4 with a slightly enlarged thyroid, a hematocrit of 28%, a heart rate of 92 beats per minute, and a systolic murmur. Which finding requires follow-up?

Hematocrit of 28%.

The healthcare provider prescribes acarbose (Precose), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, for a client with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information provides the best indicator of the drug's effectiveness?

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) reading less than 7%

A client with a history of cirrhosis and alcoholism is admitted with severe dyspnea and ascites. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Muffled heart sounds

A young adult female college student visits the health clinic in early winter to obtain birth control pills. The clinic nurse asks if the student has received an influenza vaccination. The student stated she did not receive vaccination because she has asthma. How should the nurse respond?

Offer to provide the influenza vaccination to the student while she is at the clinic

What action should the school nurse implement to provide secondary prevention to a school- age children?

Initiate a hearing and vision screening program for first-graders

The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a newly admitted client who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine and the UAP is placing soft pillows along the side rails. What action should the nurse implement?

Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows.

During discharge teaching, the nurse discusses the parameters for weight monitoring with a client who was recently diagnosed with heart failure (HF). Which information is most important for the client to acknowledge?

Report weight gain of 2 pounds (0.9kg) in 24 hours

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit diagnosed with sickle cell crisis. When the nurse walks into the room, the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is encouraging the child to stay in bed in the supine position. Which action should the nurse implement?

Reposition the client with the head of the bed elevated.

The nurse is preparing a 4-day-old infant with a serum bilirubin level of 19 mg/dl (325 micromol/L) for discharge from the hospital. When teaching the parents about home phototherapy, which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan?

Reposition the infant every 2 hours.

The nurse enters a client's room and observes the client's wrist restraint secured as seen in the picture. What action should the nurse take?

Reposition the restraint tie onto the bed-frame.

During shift report, the central electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring system alarms. Which client alarm should the nurse investigate first?

Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports that a client's right hand and fingers spasms when taking the blood pressure using the same arm. After confirming the presence of spams what action should the nurse take?

Review the client's serum calcium level — Rationale: Trousseau's sign is indicated by spasms in the distal portion of an extremity that is being used to measure blood pressure and is caused by hypocalcemia (normal level 9.0-10.5 mg/dl, so C should be implemented.

The RN is assigned to care for four surgical clients. After receiving report, which client should the nurse see first? The client who is

Three days postoperative colon resection receiving transfusion of packed RBCs.

A client has an intravenous fluid infusing in the right forearm. To determine the client's distal pulse rate most accurately, which action should the nurse implement?

Palpate at the radial pulse site with the pads of two or three fingers.

An older male client arrives at the clinic complaining that his bladder always feels full. He complains of weak urine flow, frequent dribbling after voiding, and increasing nocturia with difficulty initiating his urine stream. Which action should the nurse implement?

Palpate the client's suprapubic area for distention

A 26-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of a simple goiter, and levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) is prescribed. Which symptoms indicate to the nurse that the prescribed dosage is too high for this client? The client experiences

Palpitations and shortness of breath

The rapid response team's detects return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after 2 min of continuous chest compressions. The client has a weak, fast pulse and no respiratory effort, so the healthcare provider performs a successful oral, intubation. What action should the nurse implement?

Perform bilateral chest auscultation.

At 40 week gestation, a laboring client who is lying is a supine position tells the nurse that she has finally found a comfortable position. What action should the nurse take?

Place a wedge under the client's right hip.

When entering a client's room, the nurse discovers that the client is unresponsive and pulseless. The nurse initiates CPR and calls for assistance. Which action should the nurse take next?

Place cardiac monitor leads on the client's chest.

Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the plan of care for an older woman with osteoporosis?

Place the client on fall precautions

A client with cervical cancer is hospitalized for insertion of a sealed internal cervical radiation implant. While providing care, the nurse finds the radiation implant in the bed. What action should the nurse take?

Place the implant in a lead container using long-handled forceps

The nurse finds a client at 33 weeks gestation in cardiac arrest. What adaptation to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should the nurse implement?

Position a firm wedge to support pelvis and thorax at 30 degree tilt.

During a Woman's Health fair, which assignment is the best for the Practical Nurse (PN) who is working with a register nurse (RN)

Prepare a woman for a bone density screening

The nurse is planning preoperative teaching plan of a 12-years old child who is scheduled for surgery. To help reduce the child anxiety, which action is the best for the nurse to implement?

Provide a family tour of the preoperative unit one week before the surgery is scheduled. — Rationale: School age children gain satisfaction from exploring and manipulating their environment, thinking about objectives, situations and events, and making judgments based on what they reason. A tour of the unit allows the child to see the hospital environment and reinforce explanation and conceptual thinking.

A 56-years-old man shares with the nurse that he is having difficulty making decision about terminating life support for his wife. What is the best initial action by the nurse?

Provide an opportunity for him to clarify his values related to the decision — Rationale: When a client is faced with a decisional conflict, the nurse should first provide opportunities for the client to clarify values important in the decision. The rest may also be beneficial once the client as clarified the values that are important to him in the decision-making process.

A client with a cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) has Crutchfield tongs and skeletal traction applied as a method of closed reduction. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's a plan of care?

Provide daily care of tong insertion sites using saline and antibiotic ointment

A male client with cirrhosis has ascites and reports feeling short of breath. The client is in semi Fowler position with his arms at his side. What action should the nurse implement?

Raise the head of the bed to a Fowler's position and support his arms with a pillow

A client is admitted with an epidural hematoma that resulted from a skateboarding accident. To differentiate the vascular source of the intracranial bleeding, which finding should the nurse monitor?

Rapid onset of decreased level of consciousness.

A client who underwent an uncomplicated gastric bypass surgery is having difficult with diet management. What dietary instruction is most important for the nurse to explain to the client?

Plan volume-controlled evenly-space meal thorough the day

A 10 year old who has terminal brain cancer asks the nurse, "What will happen to my body when I die?" How should the nurse respond?

"The heart will stop beating & you will stop breathing."

A male client is admitted for the removal of an internal fixation that was inserted for the fracture ankle. During the admission history, he tells the nurse he recently received vancomycin (vancomycin) for a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) wound infection. Which action should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

- Collect multiple site screening culture for MRSA - Place the client on contact transmission precautions - Continue to monitor for client sign of infection.

The development of atherosclerosis is a process of sequential events. Arrange the pathophysiological events in orders of occurrence. (Place the first event on top and the last on the bottom)

1. Arterial endothelium injury causes inflammation 2. Macrophages consume low density lipoprotein (LDL), creating foam cells 3. Foam cells release growth factors for smooth muscle cells 4. Smooth muscle grows over fatty streaks creating fibrous plaques 5. Vessel narrowing results in ischemia

Which location should the nurse choose as the best for beginning a screening program for hypothyroidism?

A business and professional women's group.

The nurse working in the psychiatric clinic has phone messages from several clients. Which call should the nurse return first?

A family member of a client with dementia who has been missing for five hours

A nurse with 10 years experience working in the emergency room is reassigned to the perinatal unit to work an 8 hour shift. Which client is best to assign to this nurse?

A mother with an infected episiotomy

The charge nurse is making assignment on a psychiatric unit for a practical nurse (PN) and newly license register nurse (RN). Which client should be assigned to the RN?

A young male with schizophrenia who said voices is telling him to kill his psychiatric.

The nurse is teaching a postmenopausal client about osteoporosis prevention. The client reports that she smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day and takes 750 mg calcium supplements daily. What information should the nurse include when teaching this client about osteoporosis prevention?

Postmenopausal women need an intake of at least 1,500 mg of calcium daily.

A client with coronary artery disease who is experiencing syncopal episodes is admitted for an electrophysiology study (EPS) and possible cardiac ablation therapy. Which intervention should the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

Prepare the skin for procedure.

The nurse who is working on a surgical unit receives change of shift report on a group of clients for the upcoming shift. A client with which condition requires the most immediate attention by the nurse?

Abdominal-perineal resection 2 days ago with no drainage on dressing who has fever and chills. Rationale: the client with an abdominal- perineal resection is at risk for peritonitis and needs to be immediately assessed for other signs and symptoms for sepsis.

A client is scheduled to receive an IW dose of ondansetron (Zofran) eight hours after receiving chemotherapy. The client has saline lock and is sleeping quietly without any restlessness. The nurse caring for the client is not certified in chemotherapy administration. What action should the nurse take?

Administer the Zofran after flushing the saline lock with saline

A client with a history of chronic pain requests a non-opioid analgesic. The client is alert but has difficulty describing the exact nature and location of the pain to the nurse. What action should the nurse implement next?

Administer the analgesic as requested

A client receives a new prescription for simvastatin (Zocor) 5 mg PO daily at bedtime. What action should the nurse take?

Administer the medication as prescribed with a glass of water

The healthcare provider changes a client's medication prescription from IV to PO administration and double the dose. The nurse notes in the drug guide that the prescribed medication, when given orally, has a high first-pass effect and reduce bioavailability. What action should the nurse implement?

Administer the medication via the oral route as prescribed

While assessing a radial artery catheter, the client complains of numbness and pain distal to the insertion site. What interventions should the nurse implement?

Promptly remove the arterial catheter from the radial artery.

A young adult who is hit with a baseball bat on the temporal area of the left skull is conscious when admitted to the ED and is transferred to the Neurological Unit to be monitored for signs of closed head injury. Which assessment finding is indicative of a developing epidural hematoma?

Altered consciousness within the first 24 hours after injury.

Which client is at the greatest risk for developing delirium?

An adult client who cannot sleep due to constant pain.

The nurse is teaching a group of clients with rheumatoid arthritis about the need to modify daily activities. Which goal should the nurse emphasize?

Protect joint function

Based on principles of asepsis, the nurse should consider which circumstance to be sterile?

An open sterile Foley catheter kit set up on a table at the nurse waist level — Rationale: A sterile package at or above the waist level is considered sterile. The edge of sterile field is contaminated which include a 1-inch border (A). A sterile objects become contaminated by capillary action when sterile objects become in contact with a wet contaminated surface.

The nurse assesses a client with new onset diarrhea. It is most important for the nurse to question the client about recent use of which type of medication?

Antibiotics

At the end of a preoperative teaching session on pain management techniques, a client starts to cry and states, "I just know I can't handle all the pain." What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Anxiety

In assessing an older female client with complication associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the nurse notices a change in the client's appearance. Her face appears tense and she begs the nurse not to leave her alone. Her pulse rate is 100, and respirations are 26 per min. What is the primary nursing diagnosis?

Anxiety related to fear of suffocation.

After repositioning an immobile client, the nurse observes an area of hyperemia. To assess for blanching, what action should the nurse take?

Apply light pressure over the area.

When should intimate partner violence (IPV) screening occur?

As a routine part of each healthcare encounter

A female client is admitted with end stage pulmonary disease is alert, oriented, and complaining of shortness of breath. The client tells the nurse that she wants "no heroic measures" taken if she stops breathing, and she asks the nurse to document this in her medical record. What action should the nurse implement?

Ask the client to discuss "do not resuscitate" with her healthcare provider

While teaching a young male adult to use an inhaler for his newly diagnosed asthma, the client stares into the distance and appears to be concentrating on something other than the lesson the nurse is presenting. What action should the nurse take?

Ask the client what he is thinking about at his time.

A new member joins the nursing team spreads books on the table, puts items on two chairs, and sits on a third chair. The members of the group are forced to move closer and remove their possessions from the table what action should the nurse leader take?

Ask the new person to move belonging to accommodate others

Which problem, noted in the client's history, is important for the nurse to be aware of prior to administration of a newly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?

Aural migraine headaches

A client with angina pectoris is being discharge from the hospital. What instruction should the nurse plan to include in this discharge teaching?

Avoid all isometric exercises, but walk regularly.

The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who had a liver transplant. Which instruction is most important to include in this plan?

Avoid crowds for first two months after surgery.

The nurse is preparing an older client for discharge following cataract extraction. Which instruction should be include in the discharge teaching?

Avoid straining at stool, bending, or lifting heavy objects.

Which breakfast selection indicates that the client understands the nurse's instructions about the dietary management of osteoporosis?

Bagel with jelly and skim milk

A client receiving chemotherapy has severe neutropenia. Which snack is best for the nurse to recommend to the client?

Baked apples topped with dried raisins

The mother of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) ask the nurse if her child's impaired movements will worsen as the child grows. Which response provides the best explanation?

Brain damage with CP is not progressive but does have a variable course

The mother of the 12-month-old with cystic fibrosis reports that her child is experiencing increasing congestion despite the use of chest physical therapy (CPT) twice a day, and has also experiences a loss of appetite. What instruction should the nurse provide?

CPT should be performed more frequently, but at least an hour before meals.

A child with heart failure is receiving the diuretic furosemide (Lasix) and has serum potassium level 3.0 mEq/L. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?

Cardiac rhythm and heart rate.

The charge nurse in a critical care unit is reviewing clients' conditions to determine who is stable enough to be transferred. Which client status report indicates readiness for transfer from the critical care unit to a medical unit?

Chronic liver failure with a hemoglobin of 10.1 and slight bilirubin elevation

A mother brings her 6-year-old child, who has just stepped on a rusty nail, to the pediatrician's office. Upon inspection, the nurse notes that the nail went through the shoe and pierced the bottom of the child's foot. Which action should the nurse implement first?

Cleanse the foot with soap and water and apply an antibiotic ointment

The nurse is caring for a client receiving continuous IV fluids through a single lumen central venous catheter (CVC). Based on the CVC care bundle, which action should be completed daily to reduce the risk for infection?

Confirm the necessity for continued use of the CVC.

A client who sustained a head injury following an automobile collision is admitted to the hospital. The nurse include the client's risk for developing increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in the plan of care. Which signs indicate to the nurse that ICP has increased?

Confusion and papilledema

Based on the information provided in this client's medical record during labor, which should the nurse implement? (Click on each chart tab for additional information. Please be sure to scroll to the bottom right corner of each tab to view all information contained in the client's medical record.)

Continue to monitor the progress of labor.

The nurse is caring for a client who is entering the second stage of labor. Which action should the nurse implement first?

Convey to the client that birth is imminent.

A client with osteoporosis related to long-term corticosteroid therapy receives a prescription for calcium carbonate. Which client's serum laboratory values requires intervention by the nurse?

Creatinine 4 mg/dl (354 micromol/L SI)

A new mother tells the nurse that she is unsure if she will be able to transition into parenthood. What action should the nurse take?

Determine if she can ask for support from family, friend, or the baby's father.

A client arrives on the surgical floor after major abdominal surgery. What intervention should the nurse perform first?

Determine the client's vital sign.

An infant who is admitted for surgical repair of a ventricular septal defect (VSD) is irritable and diaphoretic with jugular vein distention. Which prescription should the nurse administer first?

Digoxin.

A female client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is chemically paralyzed and sedated while she is on as assist-control ventilator using 50% FIO2. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Diminished left lower lobe sounds — Rationale: Diminished lobe sounds indicate collapsed alveoli or tension pneumothorax, which required immediate chest tube insertion to re-inflate the lung.

During a routine clinic visit, an older female adult tells the nurse that she is concerned that the flu season is coming soon, but is reluctant to obtain the vaccination. What action should the nurse take first?

Discuss the concerns expressed by the client about the vaccination.

Which assessment is more important for the nurse to include in the daily plan of care for a client with a burned extremity?

Distal pulse intensity

A client in the emergency center demonstrates rapid speech, flight of ideas, and reports sleeping only three hours during the past 48h. Based on these finding, it is most important for the nurse to review the laboratory value for which medication?

Divalproex—Rationale: divalproex is the first line of treatment for bipolar disorder BPD because it has a high therapeutic index, few side effects, and a rapid onset in controlling symptoms and preventing recurrent episodes of mania and depression. The serum value of divalproex should be determined since the client is exhibiting symptoms of mania, which may indicate non-compliance with the medication regimen.

An Unna boot is applied to a client with a venous stasis ulcer. One week later, when the Unna boot is removed during a follow-up appointment, the nurse observes that the ulcer site contains bright red tissue. What action should the nurse take in response to this finding?

Document the ongoing wound healing.

The nurse is planning a class for a group of clients with diabetes mellitus about blood glucose monitoring. In teaching the class as a whole, the nurse should emphasize the need to check glucose levels in which situation?

During acute illness

Which instruction should the nurse provide a pregnant client who is complaining of heartburn?

Eat small meal throughout the day to avoid a full stomach.

The nurse note a visible prolapse of the umbilical cord after a client experiences spontaneous rupture of the membranes during labor. What intervention should the nurse implement immediately?

Elevate the presenting part of the cord.

A male client's laboratory results include a platelet count of 105,000/ mm3 Based on this finding the nurse should include which action in the client's plan of care?

Encourage him to use an electric razor

After administering an antipyretic medication, which intervention should the nurse implement?

Encouraging liberal fluid intake

In assessing a client twelve hours following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), the nurse observes that the urinary drainage tubing contains a large amount of clear pale pink urine and the continuous bladder irrigation is infusing slowly. What action should the nurse implement?

Ensure that no dependent loops are present in the tubing.

Before leaving the room of a confused client, the nurse notes that a half bow knot was used to attach the client's wrist restraints to the movable portion of the client's bed frame. What action should the nurse take before leaving the room?

Ensure that the knot can be quickly released.

A vacuum-assistive closure (VAC) device is being use to provide wound care for a client who has stage III pressure ulcer on a below-the-knee (BKA) residual limb. Which intervention should the nurse implement to ensure maximum effectiveness of the device?

Ensure the transparent dressing has no tears that might create vacuum leaks

Which type of Leukocyte is involved with allergic responses and the destruction of parasitic worms?

Eosinophils

After receiving the first dose of penicillin, the client begins wheezing and has trouble breathing. The nurse notifies the healthcare provider immediately and received several prescriptions. Which medication prescription should the nurse administer first?

Epinephrine Injection, USP IV

A community health nurse is concerned about the spread of communicable diseases among migrant farm workers in a rural community. What action should the nurse take to promote the success of a healthcare program designed to address this problem?

Establish trust with community leaders and respect cultural and family values

Two clients ring their call bells simultaneously requesting pain medication. What action should the nurse implement first?

Evaluate both client's pain using a standardized pain scale

In monitoring tissue perfusion in a client following an above the knee amputation (aka), which action should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Evaluate closet proximal pulse.

When performing postural drainage on a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which approach should the nurse use?

Explain that the client may be placed in five positions

The nurse is evaluating a client's symptoms, and formulates the nursing diagnosis, "high risk for injury due to possible urinary tract infection." Which symptoms indicate the need for this diagnosis?

Fever and dysuria.

A 60-year-old female client asks the nurse about hormones replacement therapy (HRT) as a means preventing osteoporosis. Which factor in the client's history is a possible contraindication for the use of HRT?

Her mother and sister have a history of breast cancer

The nurse is auscultating a client's lung sounds. Which description should the nurse use to document this sound?

High pitched or fine crackles.

A group of nurse-managers is asked to engage in a needs assessment for a piece of equipment that will be expensed to the organization's budget. Which question is most important to consider when analyzing the cost-benefit for this piece of equipment?

How many departments can use this equipment?

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit with diabetes insipidus due to a pituitary gland tumor. Which potential complication should the nurse monitor closely?

Hypokalemia Rational: pituitary tumors that suppress antidiuretic hormone (ADH) result in diabetes insipidus, which causes massive polyuria and serum electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia, which can lead to lethal arrhythmias.

When implementing a disaster intervention plan, which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Identify a command center where activities are coordinated

An older male client with history of diabetes mellitus, chronic gout, and osteoarthritis comes to the clinic with a bag of medication bottles. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Identify pills in the bag.

An adult client is exhibit the maniac stage of bipolar disorder is admitted to the psychiatric unit. The client has lost 10 pounds in the last two weeks and has no bathed in a week "I'm trying to start a new business and "I'm too busy to eat". The client is oriented to time, place, person but not situation. Which nursing problem has the greatest priority?

Imbalance nutrition

A client presents in the emergency room with right-sided facial asymmetry. The nurse asks the client to perform a series of movements that require use of the facial muscles. What symptoms suggest that the client has most likely experience a Bell's palsy rather than a stroke?

Inability to close the affected eye, raise brow, or smile

The nurse is developing the plan of care for a client with pneumonia and includes the nursing diagnosis of "Ineffective airway clearance related to thick pulmonary secretions." Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Increase fluid intake to 3,000 ml/daily

An older adult female admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a possible stroke is intubated with ventilator setting of tidal volume 600, PlO2 40%, and respiratory rate of 12 breaths/minute. The arterial blood gas (ABG) results after intubation are PH 7.31. PaCO2 60, PaO2 104, SPO2 98%, HCO3 23. To normalize the client's ABG finding, which action is required?

Increase ventilator rate.

The nurse should teach the parents of a 6 year-old recently diagnosed with asthma that the symptom of acute episode of asthma are due to which physiological response?

Inflammation of the mucous membrane & bronchospasm

A woman with an anxiety disorder calls her obstetrician's office and tells the nurse of increased anxiety since the normal vaginal delivery of her son three weeks ago. Since she is breastfeeding, she stopped taking her antianxiety medications, but thinks she may need to start taking them again because of her increased anxiety. What response is best for the nurse to provide this woman?

Inform her that some antianxiety medications are safe to take while breastfeeding Rationale: there are several antianxiety medications that are not contraindicated for breastfeeding mothers.

At 0600 while admitting a woman for a schedule repeat cesarean section (C-Section), the client tells the nurse that she drank a cup a coffee at 0400 because she wanted to avoid getting a headache. Which action should the nurse take first?

Inform the anesthesia care provider

A client experiencing withdrawal from the benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) is demonstrating severe agitation and tremors. What is the best initial nursing action?

Initiate seizure precautions

What is the priority nursing action when initiating morphine therapy via an intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump?

Initiate the dosage lockout mechanism on the PCA pump

If the nurse is initiating IV fluid replacement for a child who has dry, sticky mucous membranes, flushed skin, and fever of 103.6 F. Laboratory finding indicate that the child has a sodium concentration of 156 mEq/L. What physiologic mechanism contributes to this finding?

Insensible loss of body fluids contributes to the hemoconcentration of serum solutes

Which action should the school nurse take first when conducting a screening for scoliosis?

Inspect for symmetrical shoulder height.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a macrolide to treat a bacterial infection. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the next dose?

Jaundice

The client with which type of wound is most likely to need immediate intervention by the nurse?

Laceration — Rationale: A laceration is a wound that is produced by the tearing of soft body tissue. This type of wound is often irregular and jagged. A laceration wound is often contaminated with bacteria and debris from whatever object caused the cut.

The nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter as seen in the video what action should the nurse take next?

Leave the catheter in place and obtain a sterile catheter.

A client who had a small bowel resection acquired methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) while hospitalized. He treated and released, but is readmitted today because of diarrhea and dehydration. It is most important for the nurse to implement which intervention.

Maintain contact transmission precaution

Ten years after a female client was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), she is admitted to a community palliative care unit. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Medicate as needed for pain and anxiety.

Which problem reported by a client taking lovastatin requires the most immediate follow up by the nurse?

Muscle pain

A client with leukemia undergoes a bone marrow biopsy. The client's laboratory values indicate the client has thrombocytopenia. Based on this data, which nursing assessment is most important following the procedure?

Observe aspiration site.

Following a motor vehicle collision, an adult female with a ruptured spleen and a blood pressure of 70/44, had an emergency splenectomy. Twelve hours after the surgery, her urine output is 25 ml/hour for the last two hours. What pathophysiological reason supports the nurse's decision to report this finding to the healthcare provider?

Oliguria signals tubular necrosis related to hypo-perfusion

In early septic shock states, what is the primary cause of hypotension?

Peripheral vasodilation

A client is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a brain attack, commonly referred to as a stroke or cerebral vascular accident (CVA). The nurse should request a referral for speech therapy if the client exhibits which finding?

Persistent coughing while drinking

A client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starts a new prescription of etanercept (Enbrel) subcutaneously once weekly. The nurse should emphasize the importance of reporting problem to the healthcare provider?

Persistent fever

A client with emphysema is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse enters the client's room to complete discharge teaching. The client reports feeling a little short of breath and is anxious about going home. What is the best course of action?

Provide only necessary information in short, simple explanations with written instructions to take home

A man expresses concern to the nurse about the care his mother is receiving while hospitalized. He believes that her care is not based on any ethical standards and ask what type of care he should expect from a public hospital. What action should the nurse take?

Provide the man and his mother with a copy of the Patient's Bill of Rights

While undergoing hemodialysis, a male client suddenly complains of dizziness. He is alert and oriented, but his skin is cool and clammy. His vital signs are: heart rate 128 beats/minute, respirations 18 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 90/60. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Raise the client's legs and feet

A client who had a right hip replacement 3 day ago is pale has diminished breath sound over the left lower lung fields, a temperature of 100.2 F, and an oxygen saturation rate of 90%. The client is scheduled to be transferred to a skilled nursing facility (SNF) tomorrow for rehabilitative critical pathway. Based on the client's symptoms, what recommendation should the nurse give the healthcare provider?

Reassess readiness for SNF transfer.

A client with a history of dementia has become increasingly confused at night and is picking at an abdominal surgical dressing and the tape securing the intravenous (IV) line. The abdominal dressing is no longer occlusive, and the IV insertion site is pink. What intervention should the nurse implement?

Redress the abdominal incision

A client with diabetic peripheral neuropathy has been taking pregabalin (Lyrica) for 4 days. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective?

Reduced level of pain

An 18-year-old female client is seen at the health department for treatment of condylomata acuminate (perineal warts) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Reinforce the importance of annual papanicolaou (Pap) smears.

At 1615, prior to ambulating a postoperative client for the first time, the nurse reviews the client's medical record. Based on date contained in the record, what action should the nurse take before assisting the client with ambulation:

Remove sequential compression devices.

When preparing a client for discharge from the hospital following a cystectomy and a urinary diversion to treat bladder cancer, which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the client's discharge teaching plan?

Report any signs of cloudy urine output.

A client who had a below the knee amputation is experiencing severe phantom limb pain (PLP) and ask the nurse if mirror therapy will make the pain stop. Which response by the nurse is likely to be most helpful?

Research indicates that mirror therapy is effective in reducing phantom limb pain

During shift report, the central electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring system alarms. Which client alarm should the nurse investigate firs?

Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds

An older adult male is admitted with complications related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He reports progressive dyspnea that worsens on exertion and his weakness has increased over the past month. The nurse notes that he has dependent edema in both lower legs. Based on these assessment findings, which dietary instruction should the nurse provide?

Restrict daily fluid intake.

Following an outbreak of measles involving 5 students in an elementary school, which action is most important for the school nurse to take?

Restrict unvaccinated children from attending school until measles outbreak is resolved.

Following discharge teaching, a male client with duodenal ulcer tells the nurse the he will drink plenty of dairy products, such as milk, to help coat and protect his ulcer. What is the best follow-up action by the nurse?

Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and cream

When preparing to discharge a male client who has been hospitalized for an adrenal crisis, the client expresses concern about having another crisis. He tells the nurse that he wants to stay in the hospital a few more days. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Schedule an appointment for an out-patient psychosocial assessment.

An adult client present to the clinic with large draining ulcers on both lower legs that are characteristics of Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The client is accompanied by two family member. Which action should the nurse take?

Send family to the waiting area while the client's history is taking

A male client receives a thrombolytic medication following a myocardial infarction. When the client has a bowel movement, what action should the nurse implement?

Send stool sample to the lab for a guaiac test

A male client reports the onset of numbness and tingling in his fingers and around his mouth. Which lab is important for the nurse to review before contacting the health care provider?

Serum calcium

A male client who is admitted to the mental health unit for treatment of bipolar disorder has a slightly slurred speech pattern and an unsteady gait. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

Serum lithium level of 1.6 mEq/L or mmol/l (SI)—Rationale: The therapeutic level of Serum lithium is 0.8 to 1.5 mEq/L or mmol/l (SI). Slurred speech and ataxia are sign of lithium toxicity.

A young adult client is admitted to the emergency room following a motor vehicle collision. The client's head hit the dashboard. Admission assessment include: Blood pressure 85/45 mm Hg, temperature 98.6 F, pulse 124 beat/minute and respirations 22 breath/minute. Based on these data, the nurse formulates the first portion of nursing diagnosis as " Risk of injury" What term best expresses the "related to" portion of nursing diagnosis?

Shock

A school nurse is called to the soccer field because a child has a nose bleed (epistaxis). In what position should the nurse place the child?

Sitting up and leaning forward

A nurse-manager is preparing the curricula for a class for charge nurses. A staffing formula based on what data ensures quality client care and is most cost-effective?

Skills of staff and client acuity

An older male client with a history of type 1 diabetes has not felt well the past few days and arrives at the clinic with abdominal cramping and vomiting. He is lethargic, moderately, confused, and cannot remember when he took his last dose of insulin or ate last. What action should the nurse implement first?

Start an intravenous (IV) infusion of normal saline Rationale: the nurse should first start an intravenous infusion of normal saline to replace the fluids and electrolytes because the client has been vomiting, and it is unclear when he last ate or took insulin. The symptoms of confusion, lethargy, vomiting, and abdominal cramping are all suggestive of hyperglycemia, which also contributes to diuresis and fluid electrolyte imbalance.

A client who was admitted yesterday with severe dehydration is complaining of pain a 24 gauge IV with normal saline is infusing at a rate of 150 ml/hour. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Stop the normal saline infusion.

While visiting a female client who has heart failure (HF) and osteoarthritis, the home health nurse determines that the client is having more difficulty getting in and out of the bed than she did previously. Which action should the nurse implement first?

Submit a referral for an evaluation by a physical therapist.

Which assessment finding for a client who is experiencing pontine myelinolysis should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?

Sudden dysphagia

The nursing staff on a medical unit includes a registered nurse (RN), practical nurse (PN), and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which task should the charge nurse assign to the RN?

Supervise a newly hired graduate nurse during an admission assessment.

A client who recently underwear a tracheostomy is being prepared for discharge to home. Which instructions is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge plan?

Teach tracheal suctioning techniques

A 350-bed acute care hospital declares an internal disaster because the emergency generators malfunctioned during a city-wide power failure. The UAPs working on a general medical unit ask the charge nurse what they should do first. What instruction should the charge nurse provide to these UAPs?

Tell all their assigned clients to stay in their rooms.

The fire alarm goes off while the charge nurse is receiving the shift report. What action should the charge nurse implement first?

Tell the staff to keep all clients and visitors in the client rooms with the doors closed

A client with multiple sclerosis (MS) has decreased motor function after taking a hot bath (Uhthoff's sign). Which pathophysiological mechanism supports this response?

Temporary vasodilation

For the past 24 hours, an antidiarrheal agent, diphenoxylate, has been administered to a bedridden, older client with infectious gastroenteritis. Which finding requires the nurse to take further action?

Tented skin turgor.

The nurse is assessing an older adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which assessment finding indicates that the client understands long-term control of diabetes?

The hemoglobin A1C was 6.5g/100 ml last week

A client in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) has an eight (8) on the Aldrete postanesthesia scoring system. What intervention should nurse implement?

Transfer the client to the surgical floor.

The nurse plans to collect a 24- hour urine specimen for a creatinine clearance test. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the adult male client?

Urinate at specific time, discard the urine, and collect all subsequent urine during the next 24 hours.

A 4-year-old with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is receiving a chemotherapy (CT) protocol that includes methotrexate (Mexate, Trexal, MIX), an antimetabolite. Which information should the nurse provide the parents about caring for their child?

Use sunblock or protective clothing when outdoors.

Azithromycin is prescribed for an adolescent female who has lower lobe pneumonia and recurrent chlamydia. What information is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?

Use two forms of contraception while taking this drug.

A client with history of bilateral adrenalectomy is admitted with a weak, irregular pulse, and hypotension. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Ventricular arrhythmias — Rationale: adrenal crisis, a potential complication of bilateral adrenalectomy, results in the loss of mineralocorticoids and sodium excretions that is characterized by hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, dehydration, and hypotension. Ventricular arrhythmias are life threatening and required immediate intervention to correct critical potassium levels.

The public nurse health received funding to initiate primary prevention program in the community. Which program the best fits the nurse's proposal?

Vitamin supplements for high-risk pregnant women.

A client is being discharged home after being treated for heart failure (HF). What instruction should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching plan?

Weigh every morning

Which client should the nurse assess frequently because of the risk for overflow incontinence? A client

Who is confused and frequently forgets to go to the bathroom

When planning care for a client with acute pancreatitis, which nursing intervention has the highest priority?

Withhold food and fluid intake.

When assessing an adult male who presents as the community health clinic with a history of hypertension, the nurse note that he has 2+ pitting edema in both ankles. He also has a history of gastroesophageal reflex disease (GERD) and depression. Which intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement?

Review the client's use of over the counter (OTC) medications.

To reduce staff nurse role ambiguity, which strategy should the nurse manager implemented?

Review the staff nurse job description to ensure that it is clear, accurate, and recurrent.

The mother of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, "My son has athlete's foot, I have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for two days, but there has been no improvement." What instruction should the nurse provide?

Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of the feet and wearing clean socks.

A male client with hypertension, who received new antihypertensive prescriptions at his last visit returns to the clinic two weeks later to evaluate his blood pressure (BP). His BP is 158/106 and he admits that he has not been taking the prescribed medication because the drugs make him "feel bad". In explaining the need for hypertension control, the nurse should stress that an elevated BP places the client at risk for which pathophysiological condition?

Stroke secondary to hemorrhage

An older adult resident of a long-term care facility has a 5-year history of hypertension. The client has a headache and rate the pain 5 on a pain scale 0 to 10. The client's blood pressure is currently 142/89. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)

- Administer a daily dose of lisinopril as scheduled. - Provide a PRN dose of acetaminophen for headache

Diagnostic studies indicate that the elderly client has decreased bone density. In providing client teaching, which area of instruction is most important for the nurse to include?

Fall prevention measures.

The nurse is assisting the mother of a child with phenylketonuria (PKU) to select foods that are in keeping with the child's dietary restrictions. Which foods are contraindicated for this child?

Foods sweetened with aspartame

The nurse is auscultating a client's heart sounds. Which description should the nurse use to document this sound? (Please listen to the audio first to select the option that applies)

Murmur — Rationale: A murmur is auscultated as a swishing sound that is associated with the blood turbulence created by the heart or valvular defect.

A male client who was diagnosed with viral hepatitis A 4 weeks ago returns to the clinic complaining of weakness and fatigue. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

New onset of purple skin lesions.

A client who received multiple antihypertensive medications experiences syncope due to a drop in blood pressure to 70/40. What is the rationale for the nurse's decision to hold the client's scheduled antihypertensive medication?

The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too low

When assessing a mildly obese 35-year-old female client, the nurse is unable to locate the gallbladder when palpating below the liver margin at the lateral border of the rectus abdominal muscle. What is the most likely explanation for failure to locate the gallbladder by palpation?

The gallbladder is normal Rationale: a normal healthy gallbladder is not palpable

Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several complaints. What complaint indicated to the nurse that the client is experiencing a complication?

"I have a headache that gets worse when I sit up"

The nurse caring for a 3-month-old boy one day after a pylorotomy notices that the infant is restless, is exhibiting facial grimaces, and is drawing his knees to his chest. What action should the nurse take?

Administer a prescribed analgesia for pain.

An adult client experiences a gasoline tank fire when riding a motorcycle and is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with full thickness burns to all surfaces of both lower extremities. What percentage of body surface area should the nurse document in the electronic medical record (EMR)?

36 %

A family member of a frail elderly adult asks the nurse about eligibility requirements for hospice care. What information should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)

- A client must be willing to accept palliative care, not curative care. - The healthcare provider must project that the client has 6 months or less to live.

After several hours of non-productive coughing, a client presents to the emergency room complaining of chest tightness and shortness of breath. History includes end stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diabetes mellitus. While completing the pulmonary assessment, the nurse hears wheezing and poor air movement bilaterally. Which actions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)

- Administer PRN nebulizer treatment. - Obtain 12 lead electrocardiogram. - Monitor continuous oxygen saturation.

The nurse is developing an educational program for older clients who are being discharged with new antihypertensive medications. The nurse should ensure that the educational materials include which characteristics? Select all that apply

- Contains a list with definitions of unfamiliar terms - Uses common words with few Syllables - Uses pictures to help illustrate complex ideas

A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted for frequent hyperglycemic episodes and a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 10%. Insulin glargine 10 units subcutaneously once a day at bedtime and a sliding scale with insulin aspart q6h are prescribed. What action should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? (Select all that apply)

- Fingerstick glucose assessment q6h with meals - Review with the client proper foot care and prevention of injury - Coordinate carbohydrate controlled meals at consistent times and intervals - Teach subcutaneous injection technique, site rotation and insulin management

The pathophysiological mechanism are responsible for ascites related to liver failure? (Select all that apply)

- Fluid shifts from intravascular to interstitial area due to decreased serum protein - Increased hydrostatic pressure in portal circulation increases fluid shifts into abdomen - Increased circulating aldosterone levels that increase sodium and water retention

A neonate with a congenital heart defect (CHD) is demonstrating symptoms of heart failure (HF). Which interventions should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?

- Give O2 at 6 L/nasal cannula for 3 repeated oximetry screens below 90% - Evaluate heart rate for effectiveness of cardio tonic medications - Use high energy formula 30 calories/ounce at Q3 hours feeding via soft nipples - Ensure Interrupted and frequent rest periods between procedures.

Assessment by the home health nurse of an older client who lives alone indicates that client has chronic constipations. Daily medications include furosemide for hypertension and heart failure and laxatives. To manage the client's constipation, which suggestions should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply)

- Include oatmeal with stewed pruned for breakfast as often as possible. - Increase fluid intake by keeping water glass next to recliner. - Recommend seeking help with regular shopping and meal preparation.

The nurse is interacting with a female client who is diagnosed with postpartum depression. Which finding should the nurse document as an objective signs of depression? (Select all that apply)

- Interacts with a flat affect - Avoids eye contact - Has a disheveled appearance

A client with cirrhosis of the liver is admitted with complications related to end stage liver disease. Which intervention should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)

- Monitor abdominal girth. - Report serum albumin and globulin levels. - Note signs of swelling and edema.

While monitoring a client during a seizure, which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)

- Move obstacle away from client - Monitor physical movements - Observe for a patent airway - Record the duration of the seizure

Two days after admission a male client remembers that he is allergic to eggs, and informs the nurse of the allergy. Which actions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)

- Notify the food services department of the allergy. - Enter the allergy information in the client's record. - Add egg allergy to the client's allergy arm band.

An older male adult resident of long-term care facility is hospitalized for a cardiac catheterization that occurred yesterday. Since the procedure was conducted, the client has become increasingly disoriented. The night shift nurse reports that he attempted to remove the sandbag from his femoral artery multiple times during the night. What actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

- Notify the healthcare provider of the client's change in mental status. - Include q2h reorientation in the client's plan of care.

When conducting diet teaching for a client who is on a postoperative soft diet, which foods should eat? (Select all that apply)

- Pasta, noodles, rice. - Egg, tofu, ground meat. - Mashed, potatoes, pudding, milk.

In caring for the body of a client who just died, which tasks can be delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)

- Place personal religious artifacts on the body. - Attach identifying name tags to the body. - Follow cultural beliefs in preparing the body.

The nurse is caring for a one week old infant who has a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt that was placed 2 days after birth. Which findings are an indication of a postoperative complication?

- Poor feeding and vomiting - Leakage of CSF from the incisional site - Abdominal distention

Following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) a male client is drowsy and difficult to arouse, and his respiration are slow and shallow. Which action should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

- Prepare medication reversal agent - Check oxygen saturation level - Apply oxygen via nasal cannula

While assessing a client's chest tube (CT), the nurse discovers bubbling in the water seal chamber of the chest tube collection device. The client's vital signs are: blood pressure of 80/40 mmHg, heart rate 120 beats/minutes, respiratory rate 32 breaths/minutes, oxygen saturation 88%. Which interventions should the nurse implement?

- Provide supplemental oxygen - Auscultate bilateral lung fields - Reinforce occlusive CT dressing

The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant who had a pylorotomy yesterday. This child should be medicated for pain based on which findings? Select all that apply:

- Restlessness - Clenched Fist - Increased pulse rate - Increased respiratory rate.

The nurse is caring for a group of clients with the help of a licensed practical nurse (LPN) and an experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which procedures can the nurse delegate to the UAP? (Select all that apply)

- Take postoperative vital signs for a client who has an epidual following knee arthroplasty - Collect a sputum specimen for a client with a fever of unknown origin - Ambulate a client who had a femoral-popliteal bypass graft yesterday

After the nurse witnesses a preoperative client sign the surgical consent form, the nurse signs the form as a witness. What are the legal implications of the nurse's signature on the client's surgical consent form? (Select all that apply)

- The client voluntarily grants permission for the procedure to be done - The client is competent to sign the consent without impairment of judgment - The client understands the risks and benefits associated with the procedure

A client with eczema is experiencing severe pruritus. Which PRN prescriptions should the nurse administer? (Select all that apply)

- Topical corticosteroid. - Oral antihistamine

During change of shift, the nurse reports that a male client who had abdominal surgery yesterday increasingly confused and disoriented during the night. He wandered into other clients rooms, saying that there are men in his room trying to hurt him. Because of continuing disorientation and the client's multiple attempts to get out of bed, soft restrains were applied at 0400. In what order should the nurse who is receiving report implement these interventions? (Arrange from first action on top to last on the bottom).

1. Assess the client's skin and circulation for impairment related to the restrains 2. Evaluate the client's mentation to determine need to continue the restrains 3. Assign unlicensed assistive personnel to remove restrains and remain with client 4. Contact the client's surgeon and primary healthcare provider

An unlicensed assistive personnel UAP leaves the unit without notifying the staff. In what order should the unit manager implement this intervention to address the UAPs behavior? (Place the action in order from first on top to last on bottom.)

1. Note date and time of the behavior. 2. Discuss the issue privately with the UAP. 3. Plan for scheduled break times. 4. Evaluate the UAP for signs of improvement.

The nurse is using a straight urinary catheter kit to collect a sterile urine specimen from a female client. After positioning am prepping this client, rank the actions in the sequence they should be implemented. (Place to first action on the top on the last action on the bottom.)

1. Open the sterile catheter kit close to the client's perineum. 2. Don sterile gloves and prepare to sterile field 3. Cleanse the urinary meatus using the solution, swabs, and forceps provided 4. Place distal end of the catheter in sterile specimen cup and insert catheter into meatus

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old male child who becomes unresponsive as his heart rate decreases to 40 beats/minute. His blood pressure is 88/70 mmHg, and his oxygen saturation is 70% while receiving 100% oxygen by non-rebreather face mask. In what sequence, from first to last, should the nurse implement these actions? (Place the first action on top and last action on the bottom.)

1. Start chest compressions with assisted manual ventilations 2. Administer epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg intraosseous (IO) 3. Apply pads and prepare for transthoracic pacing 4. Review the possible underlying causes for bradycardia

A client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) receives a prescription for metformin (Glucophage) 500 mg PO twice daily. What information should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

A. Recognize signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. B. Report persist polyuria to the healthcare provider. C. Take Glucophage with the morning and evening meal.

A client is receiving a full strength continuous enteral tube feeding at 50 ml/hour and has developed diarrhea. The client has a new prescription to change the feeding to half strength. What intervention should the nurse implement?

Add equal amounts of water and feeding to a feeding bag and infuse at 50ml/hour

A postoperative female client has a prescription for morphine sulfate 10 mg IV q3 hours for pain. One dose of morphine was administered when the client was admitted to the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) and 3 hours later, the client is again complaining of pain. Her current respiratory rate is 8 breaths/minute. What action should the nurse take?

Administer Naxolone IV

While making rounds, the charge nurse notices that a young adult client with asthma who was admitted yesterday is sitting on the side of the bed and leaning over the bed-side-table. The client is currently receiving at 2 litters/minute via nasal cannula. The client is wheezing and is using pursed-lip breathing. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Administer a nebulizer Treatment

A client was admitted to the cardiac observation unit 2 hours ago complaining of chest pain. On admission, the client's EKG showed bradycardia, ST depression, but no ventricular ectopy. The client suddenly reports a sharp increase in pain, telling the nurse, "I feel like an elephant just stepped on my chest" The EKG now shows Q waves and ST segment elevations in the anterior leads. What intervention should the nurse perform?

Administer prescribed morphine sulfate IV and provide oxygen at 2 L/min per nasal cannula.

A client with a history of chronic pain requests a non-opioid analgesic. The client is alert but has difficulty describing the exact nature and location of the pain to the nurse. Which action should the nurse implement next?

Administer the analgesic as requested — Rationale: Chronic pain may be difficult to describe but should be treated with analgesics as indicated.

A client diagnosed with calcium kidney stones has a history of gout. A new prescription for aluminum hydroxide (Amphogel) is scheduled to begin at 0730. Which client medication should the nurse bring to the healthcare provider's attention?

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

The charge nurse of a critical care unit is informed at the beginning of the shift that less than the optimal number of registered nurses will be working that shift. In planning assignments, which client should receive the most care hours by a registered nurse (RN)?

An 82-year-old client with Alzheimer's disease newly-fractures femur who has a Foley catheter and soft wrist restrains applied

When assessing a multigravida the first postpartum day, the nurse finds a moderate amount of lochia rubra, with the uterus firm, and three finger-breadths above the umbilicus. What action should the nurse implement first?

Check for a distended bladder

A preschool-aged boy is admitted to the pediatric unit following successful resuscitation from a near-drowning incident. While providing care to child, the nurse begins talking with his preadolescent brother who rescued the child from the swimming pool and initiated resuscitation. The nurse notices the older boy becomes withdrawn when asked about what happened. What action should the nurse take?

Ask the older brother how he felt during the incident.

An older male client is admitted with the medical diagnosis of possible cerebral vascular accident (CVA). He has facial paralysis and cannot move his left side. When entering the room, the nurse finds the client's wife tearful and trying unsuccessfully to give him a drink of water. What action should the nurse take?

Ask the wife to stop and assess the client's swallowing reflex

Which intervention should the nurse implement during the administration of vesicant chemotherapeutic agent via an IV site in the client's arm?

Assess IV site frequently for signs of extravasation

A client who had a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) two weeks ago returns to the clinic for a follow up visit. The client has a postoperative ejection fraction ejection fraction of 30%. Today the client has lungs which are clear, +1 pedal edema, and a 5 pound weight gain. Which intervention the nurse implement?

Assess compliance with routine prescriptions.

An older male comes to the clinic with a family member. When the nurse attempts to take the client's health history, he does not respond to questions in a clear manner. What action should the nurse implement first?

Assess the surroundings for noise and distractions.

During a home visit, the nurse observed an elderly client with diabetes slip and fall. What action should the nurse take first?

Check the client for lacerations or fractures

The nurse is evaluating the diet teaching of a client with hypertension. What dinner selection indicates that the client understands the dietary recommendation for hypertension?

Baked pork chop, applesauce, corn on the cob, 2% milk, and key-lime pie

An adult male reports the last time he received penicillin he developed a severe maculopapular rash all over his chest. What information should the nurse provide the client about future antibiotic prescriptions?

Be alert for possible cross-sensitivity to cephalosporin agents.

A 13 years-old client with non-union of a comminuted fracture of the tibia is admitted with osteomyelitis. The healthcare provider collects home aspirate specimens for culture and sensitivity and applies a cast to the adolescent's lower leg. What action should the nurse implement next?

Begin parenteral antibiotic therapy

The nurse is planning care for a client who admits having suicidal thoughts. Which client behavior indicates the highest risk for the client acting on these suicidal thoughts?

Begin to show signs of improvement in affect

After changing to a new brand of laundry detergent, an adult male reports that he has a fine itchy rash. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Bilateral Wheezing.

A client is receiving mesalamine 800 mg PO TID. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to perform to assess the effectiveness of the medication?

Bowel patterns — Rationale: the client should be assessed for a change in bowel patterns to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication because Mesalamine is used to treat ulcerative colitis (a condition which causes swelling and sores in the lining of the colon [large intestine] and rectum) and also to maintain improvement of ulcerative colitis symptoms. Mesalamine is in a class of medications called anti-inflammatory agents. It works by stopping the body from producing a certain substance that may cause inflammation.

After a third hospitalization 6 months ago, a client is admitted to the hospital with ascites and malnutrition. The client is drowsy but responding to verbal stimuli and reports recently spitting up blood. What assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Capillary refill of 8 seconds

When evaluating a client's rectal bleeding, which findings should the nurse document?

Color characteristics of each stool.

A preeclamptic client who delivered 24h ago remains in the labor and delivery recovery room. She continues to receive magnesium sulfate at 2 grams per hour. Her total input is limited to 125 ml per hour, and her urinary output for the last hour was 850 ml. What intervention should the nurse implement?

Continue with the plan of care for this client

A client with a chronic health problem has difficulty ambulating short distance due to generalized weakness, but is able to bear weight on both legs. To assist with ambulation and provide the greatest stability, what assistive device is best for this client?

Crutches with 4 point gait.

A client exposed to tuberculosis is scheduled to begin prophylactic treatment with isoniazid. Which information is most important for the nurse to note before administering the initial dose?

Current diagnosis of hepatitis B.

A client with hyperthyroidism is receiving propranolol (Inderal). Which finding indicates that the medication is having the desired effect?

Decrease in pulse rate

An increased number of elderly persons are electing to undergo a new surgical procedure which cures glaucoma. What effect is the nurse likely to note as a result of this increases in glaucoma surgeries?

Decrease prevalence of glaucoma in the population.

The nurse is preparing to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a client with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this drug classification?

Decreases the amount of HCL secretion by the parietal cells in the stomach

An elderly male client is admitted to the mental health unit with a sudden onset of global disorientation and is continuously conversing with his mother, who died 50 years ago. The nurse reviews the multiple prescriptions he is currently taking and assesses his urine specimen, which is cloudy, dark yellow, and has foul odor. These findings suggest that his client is experiencing which condition?

Delirium

A client with hyperthyroidism is being treated with radioactive iodine (I-131). Which explanation should be included in preparing this client for this treatment?

Describe radioactive iodine as a tasteless, colorless medication administered by the healthcare provider

An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine (Cymbalta) for the past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate follow-up?

Describes life without purpose

After a colon resection for colon cancer, a male client is moaning while being transferred to the Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Determine client's pulse, blood pressure, and respirations

A female client reports she has not had a bowel movement for 3 days, but now is defecating frequent small amount of liquid stool. Which action should the nurse implement?

Digitally check the client for a fecal impaction

Before preparing a client for the first surgical case of the day, a part-time scrub nurse asks the circulating nurse if a 3 minute surgical hand scrub is adequate preparation for this client. Which response should the circulating nurse provide?

Direct the nurse to continue the surgical hand scrub for a 5 minute duration

The nurse is preparing to administer 1.6 ml of medication IM to a 4 month old infant. Which action should the nurse include?

Divide the medication into two injection with volumes under 1ml

In assessing an adult client with a partial rebreather mask, the nurse notes that the oxygen reservoir bag does not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's respiratory rate is 14 breaths / minute. What action should the nurse implement?

Document the assessment data — Rational: reservoir bag should not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's respiratory rate is within normal limits.

A 12 year old client who had an appendectomy two days ago is receiving 0.9% normal saline at 50 ml/hour. The client's urine specific gravity is 1.035. What action should the nurse implement?

Encourage popsicles and fluids of choice

A woman just learned that she was infected with Heliobacter pylori. Based on this finding, which health promotion practice should the nurse suggest?

Encourage screening for a peptic ulcer

A resident of a long-term care facility, who has moderate dementia, is having difficulty eating in the dining room. The client becomes frustrated when dropping utensils on the floor and then refuses to eat. What action should the nurse implement?

Encourage the client to eat finger foods.

The nurse notes a depressed female client has been more withdrawn and non-communicative during the past two weeks. Which intervention is most important to include in the updated plan of care for this client?

Engage the client in a non-threatening conversation. - Rationale: Consistent attempts to draw the client into conversations which focus on non- threatening subjects can be an effective means of eliciting a response, thereby decreasing isolation behaviors. There is not sufficient data to support the effectiveness of A as an intervention for this client. Although B may be indicated, nursing interventions can also be used to treat this client. C is too threatening to this client.

An elderly female is admitted because of a change in her level of sensorium. During the evening shift, the client attempts to get out bed and falls, breaking her left hip. Buck's skin traction is applied to the left leg while waiting for surgery. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan care?

Ensure proper alignment of the leg in traction.

An adult male was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer three weeks ago. His wife approaches the nurse and asks how she will know that her husband's death is imminent because their two adult children want to be there when he dies. What is the best response by the nurse?

Explain that the client will start to lose consciousness and his body system will slow down

An adult male is admitted to the emergency department after falling from a ladder. While waiting to have a computed tomography (CT) scan, he requests something for a severe headache. When the nurse offers him a prescribed does of acetaminophen, he asks for something stronger. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Explain the reason for using only non-narcotics.

An adult female client tells the nurse that though she is afraid her abusive boyfriend might one day kill her, she keeps hoping that he will change. What action should the nurse take first?

Explore client's readiness to discuss the situation.

A clinical trial is recommended for a client with metastatic breast cancer, but she refuses to participate and tells her family that she does not wish to have further treatments. The client's son and daughter ask the nurse to try and convince their mother to reconsider this decision. How should the nurse respond?

Explore the client's decision to refuse treatment and offer support

A 60-year-old female client with a positive family history of ovarian cancer has developed an abdominal mass and is being evaluated for possible ovarian cancer. Her Papanicolau (Pap) smear results are negative. What information should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?

Further evaluation involving surgery may be needed

When development a teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, the nurse should explain that an increase thirst is an early sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which action should the nurse instruct the client to implement if this sign of DKA occur?

Give a dose of regular insulin per sliding scale

In caring for a client with Cushing syndrome, which serum laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?

Glucose

Oral antibiotics are prescribed for an 18-month-old toddler with severe otitis media. An antipyrine and benzocaine-otic also prescribed for pain and inflammation. What instruction should the nurse emphasize concerning the installation of the antipyrine/benzocaine otic solution?

Have the child lie with the ear up for one to two minute after installation.

After six days on a mechanical ventilator, a male client is extubated and place on 40% oxygen via face mask. He is awake and cooperative, but complaining of a severe sore throat. While sipping water to swallow a medication, the client begins coughing, as if strangled. What intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Hold oral intake until swallow evaluation is done.

The nurse is teaching a mother of a newborn with a cleft lip how to bottle feed her baby using medela haberman feeder, which has a valve to control the release of milk and a slit nipple opening. The nurse discusses placing the nipple's elongated tip in the back of the oral cavity. What instructions should the nurse provide the mother about feedings?

Hold the newborn in an upright position

The nurse walks into a client's room and notices bright red blood on the sheets and on the floor by the IV pole. Which action should the nurse take first?

Identify the source and amount of bleeding.

The nurse is teaching a client how to perform colostomy irrigations. When observing the client's return demonstration, which action indicated that the client understood the teaching?

Keeps the irrigating container less than 18 inches above the stoma

The nurse caring for a client with acute renal fluid (ARF) has noted that the client has voided 800 ml of urine in 4 hours. Based on this assessment, what should the nurse anticipate that client will need?

Large amounts of fluid and electrolyte replacement.

An adult male client is admitted to the emergency room following an automobile collision in which he sustained a head injury. What assessment data would provide the earliest that the client is experiencing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Lethargy

After placing a stethoscope as seen in the picture, the nurse auscultates S1 and S2 heart sounds. To determine if an S3 heart sound is present, what action should the nurse take first?

Listen with the bell at the same location

The nurse is developing a teaching program for the community. What population characteristic is most influential when choosing strategies for implementing a teaching plan?

Literacy level

When providing diet teaching for a client with cholecystitis, which types of food choices the nurse recommend to the client?

Low fat

A client is admitted with metastatic carcinoma of the liver, ascites, and bilateral 4+ pitting edema of both lower extremities. When the client complains that the antiembolic stocking are too constricting, which intervention should the nurse implement?

Maintain both lower extremities elevated on pillows.

The nurse is planning care for a client admitted with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Which intervention has the highest priority for inclusion in this client's plan of care?

Monitor blood pressure frequently — Rationale: A pheochromocytoma is a rare, catecholamine-secreting tumor that may precipitate life-threatening hypertension. The tumor is malignant in 10% of cases but may be cured completely by surgical removal. Although pheochromocytoma has classically been associated with 3 syndromes—von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)—there are now 10 genes that have been identified as sites of mutations leading to pheochromocytoma.

An older client is admitted to the intensive care unit with severe abdominal pain, abdominal distention, and absent bowel sound. The client has a history of smoking 2 packs of cigarettes daily for 50 years and is currently restless and confused. Vital signs are: temperature 96`F, heart rate 122 beats/minute, respiratory rate 36 breaths/minute, mean arterial pressure(MAP) 64 mmHg and central venous pressure (CVP) 7 mmHg. Serum laboratory findings include: hemoglobin 6.5 grams/dl, platelets 6o, 000, and white blood cell count (WBC) 3,000/mm3. Based on these findings this client is at greatest risk for which pathophysiological condition?

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) Rational: MODS are a progressive dysfunction of two or more major organs that requires medical intervention to maintain homeostasis. This client has evidence of several organ systems that require intervention, such as blood pressure, hemoglobin, WBC, and respiratory rate. DIC may develop as a result of MODS. The other options are not correct.

A client is admitted to isolation with the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Which infection control measures should the nurse implement?

Negative pressure environment

One day following an open reduction and internal fixation of a compound fracture of the leg, a male client complains of "a tingly sensation" in his left foot. The nurse determines the client's left pedal pulses are diminished. Based on these finding, what is the client's greatest risk?

Neurovascular and circulation compromise related to compartment syndrome.

A client is admitted to the emergency department with a respiratory rate of 34 breaths per minute and high pitched wheezing on inspiration and expiration, the medical diagnosis is severe exacerbation of asthma. Which assessment finding, obtained 10 min after the admission assessment, what should the nurse report immediately to the emergency department healthcare provider?

No wheezing upon auscultation of the chest

An older adult client with heart failure (HF) develops cardiac tamponade. The client has muffled, distant, heart sounds, and is anxious and restless. After initiating oxygen therapy and IV hydration, which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Notify healthcare provider to prepare for pericardiocentesis

A mother brings her 3-year-old son to the emergency room and tells the nurse the he has had an upper respiratory infection for the past two days. Assessment of the child reveals a rectal temperature of 102 F. he is drooling and becoming increasingly more restless. What action should the nurse take first?

Notify the healthcare provider and obtain a tracheostomy tray

After the risk and benefits of having a cardiac catheterization are reviewed by the healthcare provider, an older adult with unstable angina is scheduled for the procedure. When the nurse presents the consent form for signature, the client asks how the wires will keep a heart heating during the procedure. What action should the nurse take?

Notify the healthcare provider of the client's lack of understanding.

A male client with a long history of alcoholism is admitted because of mild confusion and fine motor tremors. He reports that he quit drinking alcohol and stopped smoking cigarettes one month ago after his brother died of lung cancer. Which intervention is most important for the nurses to include in the client's plan of care?

Observe for changes in level of consciousness.

A client with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line has a fever. What client assessment is most important for the nurse to perform?

Observe the antecubital fossa for inflammation.

An elderly client seems confused and reports the onset of nausea, dysuria, and urgency with incontinence. Which action should the nurse implement?

Obtain a clean catch mid-stream specimen

A client with a history of heart failure presents to the clinic with a nausea, vomiting, yellow vision and palpitations. Which finding is most important for the nurse to assess to the client?

Obtain a list of medications taken for cardiac history

The nurse is preparing a community education program on osteoporosis. Which instruction is helpful in preventing bone loss and promoting bone formation?

Recommend weigh bearing physical activity

Which intervention should the nurse include in a long-term plan of care for a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Reduce risks factors for infection

To evaluate the effectiveness of male client's new prescription for ezetimibe, which action should the clinic nurse implement?

Remind the client to keep his appointments to have his cholesterol level checked.

Suicide precautions are initiated for a child admitted to the mental health unit following an intentional narcotic overdose. After a visitor leaves, the nurse finds a package of cigarettes in the client's room. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Remove cigarettes for the client's room

The leg of a client who is receiving hospice care have become mottled in appearance. When the nurse observes the unlicensed assistive personal (UAP) place a heating pad on the mottled areas, what action should the nurse take?

Remove the heating pads and place a soft blanket over the client's leg and feet.

A female client with breast cancer who completed her first chemotherapy treatment today at an out-patient center is preparing for discharge. Which behavior indicates that the client understands her care needs

Rented movies and borrowed books to use while passing time at home

During an annual physical examination, an older woman's fasting blood sugar (FBS) is determined to be 140 mg/dl or 7.8 mmol/L (SI). Which additional finding obtained during a follow-up visit 2 weeks later is most indicative that the client has diabetes mellitus (DM)?

Repeated fasting blood sugar (FBS) is 132 mg/dl or 7.4 mmol/L (SI).

A client with intestinal obstructions has a nasogastric tube to low intermittent suction and is receiving an IV of lactated ringer's at 100 ml/H. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

Serum potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L or mmol/L (SI) — Rationale: The normal potassium level in the blood is 3.5-5.0 milliEquivalents per liter (mEq/L).

A client refuses to ambulate, reporting abdominal discomfort and bloating caused by "too much gas buildup" the client's abdomen is distended. Which prescribed PRN medication should the nurse administer?

Simethicone (Mylicon)

When assessing a 6-month old infant, the nurse determines that the anterior fontanel is bulging. In which situation would this finding be most significant?

Sitting upright.

The nurse is assisting a new mother with infant feeding. Which information should the nurse provide that is most likely to result in a decrease milk supply for the mother who is breastfeeding?

Supplemental feedings with formula

A client with muscular dystrophy is concerned about becoming totally dependent and is reluctant to call the nurse to assist with activities of daily living (ADLs). To achieve maximum mobility and independence, which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Teach family proper range of motion exercises.

A client with a prescription for "do not resuscitate" (DNR) begins to manifest signs of impending death. After notifying the family of the client's status, what priority action should the nurse implement?

The client's need for pain medication should be determined.

The nurse performs a prescribed neurological check at the beginning of the shift on a client who was admitted to the hospital with a subarachnoid brain attack (stroke). The client's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is 9. What information is most important for the nurse to determine?

The client's previous GCS score

What explanation is best for the nurse to provide a client who asks the purpose of using the log-rolling technique for turning?

The technique is intended to maintain straight spinal alignment.

An elderly client with degenerative joint disease asks if she should use the rubber jar openers that are available. The nurse's response should be based on which information about assistive devices?

They decrease the risk for joint trauma

A client with a history of diabetes and coronary artery disease is admitted with shortness of breath, anxiety, and confusion. The client's blood pressure is 80/60 mmHg, heart rate 120 beats/minute with audible third and fourth heart sounds, and bibasilar crackles. The client's average urinary output is 5 ml/hour. Normal saline is infusing at 124 ml/hour with a secondary infusion of dopamine at mcg/kg/minute per infusion pump. With intervention should the nurse implement?

Titrate the dopamine infusion to raise the BP.

When caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the nurse elevates the head of the bed 30 degrees. What is the reason for this intervention?

To reduce abdominal pressure on the diaphragm — Rationale: a semi-sitting position is the best position for matching ventilation and perfusion and for decreasing abdominal pressure on the diaphragm, so that the client can maximize breathing.

A client who is taking an oral dose of a tetracycline complains of gastrointestinal upset. What snack should the nurse instruct the client to take with the tetracycline?

Toasted wheat bread and jelly

Following and gunshot wound, an adult client a hemoglobin level of 4 grams/dl (40 mmol/L SI). The nurse prepares to administer a unit of blood for an emergency transfusion. The client has AB negative blood type and the blood bank sends a unit of type A Rh negative, reporting that there is not type AB negative blood currently available. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Transfuse Type A negative blood until type AB negative is available.

The healthcare provider prescribes the antibiotic Cefdinir (cephalosporin) 300mg PO every 12 h for a client with postoperative wound infections. Which feeds should the nurse encourage this client to eat?

Yogurt and/or buttermilk.

The healthcare provider prescribes the antibiotic cephradine 500mg PO every 6 hours for a client with a postoperative wound infection. Which foods should the nurse encourage this client to eat?

Yogurt and/or buttermilk.