Final Exam Part 2
A patient experiencing pain and burning in the legs at rest. Which stage of peripheral arterial disease should the nurse suspect this patient is experiencing? 1) Stage I 2) Stage II 3) Stage III 4) Stage IV
3) Stage III
The nurse is assessing a patient's vertebral column. What term best describes the function of the joints between the vertebrae? 1) Meiosis 2) Diarthrosis 3) Synarthrosis 4) Amphiarthrosis
4) Amphiarthrosis
The nurse is providing teaching about crutches to a client who has a fracture of the right foot. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A) When you go up a flight of stairs, place your right foot on the first step B) Keep the rubber crutch tips securely in place C) When standing, keep the crutches 12 inches in front of you and 12 inches to the side D) Place your weight on the crutch pads at your armpits
B) Keep the rubber crutch tips securely in place
A patient with hypertension has a low serum potassium level. Which mechanism should the nurse consider as being the cause for the elevated blood pressure? 1) Aldosterone 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Sympathetic nervous system 4) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
1) Aldosterone
The nurse is evaluating dietary teaching provided to a patient recovering from osteomyelitis. Which meal choice indicates that additional teaching is required? 1)Green salad, meat loaf, brown rice, and broccoli 2) Caesar's salad, pork loin slices, sauerkraut, baked potato, and sautéed carrots 3)Tossed salad, spaghetti with marinara sauce, Italian bread, and creamed spinach 4)Iceberg lettuce wedge, baked chicken breast, parsley red potatoes, and green beans
3)Tossed salad, spaghetti with marinara sauce, Italian bread, and creamed spinach
A patient with peripheral arterial disease is instructed on the medication pentoxifylline (Trental). Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective? 1) "This pill will cure my arterial disease." 2) "This medication will begin to work in a week or two." 3) "I should take this medication every day with a baby aspirin." 4) "I might not feel the effect of this medication for up to two months."
4) "I might not feel the effect of this medication for up to two months."
A nurse is evaluating a clients use of crutches, The nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the client indicates safe usage of this equipment? A) The client places a crutch on each side when assuming a sitting position B) The client moves the unaffected leg onto a step first when descending stairs C) The client places weight on the axillae when walking D) The client has slightly flexed elbows when ambulating with the crutches
D) The client has slightly flexed elbows when ambulating with the crutches Feedback: The flexed elbows allow the client to place weight on their hands on not on their axillae
A patient recovering from surgery to repair a fractured femur is experiencing extreme pain and pulselessness. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Fasciotomy 2) Limb CT scan 3) Intravenous fluids 4) Anticoagulant therapy
1) Fasciotomy
A patient is scheduled for a CT scan of the left femur. What should the nurse expect the findings of this diagnostic test to reveal? 1) Fractures 2) Disk disease 3) Osteomyelitis 4) Ligamentous tears
1) Fractures
A patient recovering from a traumatic amputation is experiencing phantom limb pain. What should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan for this patient? 1) Gabapentin 2) Rigid splint 3) Ice compresses 4) Elevate stump on a pillow
1) Gabapentin
A patient's bone density results are -2.7. For which potential health problem should the nurse instruct this patient? 1) Pain 2) Fractures 3) Contractures 4) Muscle atrophy
2) Fractures
A patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy has significant muscle damage. What is the primary reason for this destruction? 1) High body fat 2) Lack of dystrophin 3) Breakdown of collagen 4) Decreased body protein
2) Lack of dystrophin
The nurse notes that a 55-year-old female patient's bone density test has changed from -1.2 to a current level of -2.5. What could be the reason for this change? 1) Immobility 2) Loss of estrogen 3) Chronic diseases 4) Poor nutritional status
2) Loss of estrogen
The nurse notes that a patient has full range of motion against gravity but not resistance. How should the nurse document this finding? 1) Fair 2) Poor 3) Good 4) Normal
1) Fair
The nurse requests an occupational therapy consultation for a patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. What is the reason for this consultation? 1) Evaluate the work area 2) Instruct on hand exercises 3) Instruct on the use of splints 4) Review the action of NSAIDs
1) Evaluate the work area
The nurse is preparing a tool to instruct patients on the manifestations of carotid artery disease. What should the nurse include with this information? Select all that apply. 1) Dizziness 2) Difficulty talking 3) Sudden vision changes 4) Sudden onset of nausea and vomiting 5) Sudden weakness on one side of the body
1) Dizziness 2) Difficulty talking 3) Sudden vision changes 5) Sudden weakness on one side of the body
A patient is diagnosed with a third-degree sprain. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? Select all that apply. 1) Edema 2) Severe pain 3) Ecchymosis 4) Inability to ambulate 5) Altered ability to ambulate
1) Edema 2) Severe pain 3) Ecchymosis 4) Inability to ambulate
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is newly diagnosed with carotid artery disease. What should the nurse emphasize when discussing blood glucose control with this patient? 1) "Maintain blood glucose levels within normal limits." 2) "The issue with the carotid arteries is a priority at this time." 3) "Blood glucose control will be difficult because of the additional medications for the carotid arteries." 4) "Once you have the carotid artery surgery you won't need to keep blood glucose levels within normal limits."
1) "Maintain blood glucose levels within normal limits."
The nurse is planning care for a patient with osteosarcoma. What should be done before encouraging the patient to increase activity? 1) Assess for pain 2) Assess heart rate 3) Measure blood pressure 4) Provide assistive devices
1) Assess for pain
The blood pressure of a patient recovering from total hip replacement surgery is dropping. What should the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient? 1) Blood loss 2) Pain medication overdose 3) Development of a deep vein thrombosis 4) Development of a postoperative infection
1) Blood loss
A patient's bone scan results showed a 3 cm cold spot area on the right fibula. What does this finding indicate? 1) Cancer 2) Bone infection 3) Healing fracture 4) Bone metabolism disease
1) Cancer
While playing tennis a patient fell and fractured the right elbow. For which treatment should the nurse prepare this patient? 1) Cast 2) Splint 3) External fixator 4) Pressure dressing
1) Cast
The nurse is reviewing orders written for a patient with muscular dystrophy. Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Cortisol 2) Furosemide 3) Gabapentin 4) Acetaminophen
1) Cortisol
The nurse is preparing material about peripheral artery disease (PAD) for a community fair. What should the nurse include about modifiable risk factors for the disease? Select all that apply. 1) Diabetes 2) Smoking 3) Hypertension 4) Family history 5) Sedentary lifestyle
1) Diabetes 2) Smoking 3) Hypertension 5) Sedentary lifestyle
The nurse is preparing educational material for the parents of children recovering from fractures. What should the nurse include as the parts of long bones? Select all that apply. 1) Diaphysis 2) Epiphysis 3) Ligaments 4) Periosteum 5) Endosteum
1) Diaphysis 2) Epiphysis 4) Periosteum 5) Endosteum
A patient with a blood pressure over 160/90 mm Hg for two office visits is being started on antihypertensive medication for the first time. For which medication classifications should the nurse prepare teaching? Select all that apply. 1) Diuretics 2) Vasodilators 3) ACE Inhibitors 4) Calcium channel blockers 5) Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
1) Diuretics 2) Vasodilators 3) ACE Inhibitors 4) Calcium channel blockers
A patient is diagnosed with a small meniscus tear of the right knee. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? Select all that apply. 1) Ice 2) Limited rest 3) Physical therapy for a month 4) Total immobility for several weeks 5) Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
1) Ice 2) Limited rest 5) Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
A patient is diagnosed with a 7 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. What should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care? 1) Keep the bed flat 2) Elevate the lower extremities 3) Raise the head of the bed 30 degrees 4) Assist to sit out of bed in a chair twice a day
1) Keep the bed flat
The nurse is reviewing statistics about the frequency of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. What increases the risk of experiencing this type of injury? Select all that apply. 1) Knee torque 2) Less knee flexibility 3) Practicing ice skating 4) Performing gymnastics 5) Less muscular strength
1) Knee torque 2) Less knee flexibility 4) Performing gymnastics 5) Less muscular strength
The nurse is assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system. Which observation indicates that the muscles are functioning appropriately? Select all that apply. 1) Limb bends at a joint. 2) A body part is raised. 3) Action occurs automatically. 4) Arm moves in a circle around the shoulder. 5) Limb moves away from the midline of the body.
1) Limb bends at a joint. 2) A body part is raised. 4) Arm moves in a circle around the shoulder. 5) Limb moves away from the midline of the body.
A patient is diagnosed with Paget's disease. What finding should the nurse expect when assessing this patient? 1) Pain 2) Edema 3) Hypotension 4) Abdominal cramps
1) Pain
The nurse notes that a patient recovering from surgery to repair a torn meniscus has a blood pressure of 158/90 mm Hg. This finding would suggest that the nurse also assess the patient for which condition? 1) Pain 2) Edema 3) Infection 4) Hemorrhage
1) Pain
The nurse suspects that a patient with an injured ankle is experiencing neurovascular compromise. What did the nurse assess to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1) Pain 2) Pressure 3) Paralysis 4) Peristalsis 5) Pulselessness
1) Pain 2) Pressure 3) Paralysis 5) Pulselessness
The nurse is preparing to conduct a physical assessment of a patient's musculoskeletal system. Which techniques should the nurse use for this assessment? Select all that apply. 1) Palpation 2) Inspection 3) Evaluation 4) Percussion 5) Auscultation
1) Palpation 2) Inspection
A patient has a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). How will this affect the musculoskeletal system? 1) Reduces bone growth 2) Initiates the growth of bone 3) Slows the rate of bone destruction 4) Promotes the number of osteoblasts
1) Reduces bone growth
A patient is seeking medical treatment for chronic low back pain. Which approach will help speed this patient's recovery? 1)Regular exercise 2)Spinal injections 3)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) 4)Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
1) Regular exercise
A patient is diagnosed with metastatic bone cancer. Which laboratory value should the nurse expect to see elevated for this patient? Select all that apply. 1) Serum calcium 2) Serum alkaline phosphatase 3) Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) 4) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 5) Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
1) Serum calcium 2) Serum alkaline phosphatase 3) Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) 4) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
A patient is scheduled for electromyography. What teaching should the nurse provide to prepare the patient for this test? Select all that apply. 1) Shower before the test. 2) Apply lotion for better electrode contact. 3) Slight pain might occur with needle insertion. 4) Slight bruising may occur at the site of electrodes. 5) Avoid caffeinated food items two to three hours before the test.
1) Shower before the test. 3) Slight pain might occur with needle insertion. 4) Slight bruising may occur at the site of electrodes. 5) Avoid caffeinated food items two to three hours before the test.
A patient learns of having a 1 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. What should the nurse emphasize when discussing the health problem with this patient? 1) Stop smoking 2) Increase physical activity 3) Engage in stress management 4) Reduce the intake of saturated fat
1) Stop smoking
A patient is diagnosed with carotid artery disease. For which potential health problem should the nurse prepare teaching for this patient? 1) Stroke 2) Diabetes 3) Hypertension 4) Dyslipidemia
1) Stroke
The nurse suspects that a home care patient recovering from hip replacement surgery is developing osteomyelitis. What findings caused the nurse to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1)Fever 2)Bone deformity 3)Pain unrelieved by rest 4)Progressive muscle weakness 5)Tenderness and warmth at the surgical site
1)Fever 3)Pain unrelieved by rest 4)Progressive muscle weakness 5)Tenderness and warmth at the surgical site
The nurse suspects that a home care patient recovering from hip replacement surgery is developing osteomyelitis. What findings caused the nurse to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1)Fever 2)Bone deformity 3)Pain unrelieved by rest 4)Progressive muscle weakness 5)Tenderness and warmth at the surgical site
1)Fever 3)Pain unrelieved by rest 5)Tenderness and warmth at the surgical site
A patient with bone cancer is admitted for treatment. What finding should the nurse expect to observe when assessing this patient? 1)Limp 2)Muscle atrophy 3)Skin discoloration 4)Dependent edema
1)Limp
The nurse is planning care for a patient with osteoarthritis (OA). On what should the nurse focus when preparing teaching material for this patient? Select all that apply. 1)Weight management 2)Nonsteroidal therapy 3)Activity modification 4)Joint replacement surgery 5)Glucosamine and chondroitin
1)Weight management 2)Nonsteroidal therapy 3)Activity modification 5)Glucosamine and chondroitin
A patient recovering from a carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has a blood pressure of 90/48 mm Hg. What should the nurse do first? 1) Raise the head of the bed 2) Lower the head of the bed 3) Assess cranial nerve function 4) Maintain head in neutral position
2) Lower the head of the bed
The nurse is visiting the home of a patient with peripheral arterial disease. For which observation should the nurse immediately intervene? 1) Sits with both feet on the floor 2) Walks around the house barefoot 3) Uses a mirror to examine the bottom of the feet 4) Eats grilled chicken on whole wheat bread for lunch
2) Walks around the house barefoot
A patient with osteoporosis asks why the health problem developed. What nursing response would be appropriate for this patient? 1) Osteoclasts break down bone with acids and enzymes. 2) Osteoclastic activity is greater than osteoblastic activity. 3) Osteoblastic activity is greater than osteoclastic activity. 4) Osteoblasts synthesize and add minerals to the bony matrix.
2) Osteoclastic activity is greater than osteoblastic activity.
The manager notes that several nurses have been seen in employee health for low back pain over the last month. What type of education should the manager plan to help reduce the incidence of this health problem? 1)Safety 2)Body mechanics 3)Coordinating care 4)Stress management
2)Body mechanics
A patient is diagnosed with an abdominal aneurysm measuring 5 cm. Which teaching material should the nurse prepare for this patient? 1) Dietary changes 2) Preoperative and postoperative care 3) Actions to reduce high blood pressure 4) Activities to prevent aneurysm rupture
2) Preoperative and postoperative care
A victim of a motor vehicle crash has a partially severed lowered extremity. What emergency care does this patient need? Select all that apply. 1) Administer antibiotics 2) Prepare for blood transfusions 3) Prepare for emergency surgery 4) Assess for active hemorrhaging 5) Monitor effectiveness of tourniquet
2) Prepare for blood transfusions 3) Prepare for emergency surgery 4) Assess for active hemorrhaging 5) Monitor effectiveness of tourniquet
A patient recovering from surgery to repair a fractured hip is placed on skin traction. Which finding indicates that the traction is being effective? 1) Strong peripheral pulses 2) Reduction in muscle spasms 3) Improved mobility of the foot 4) Reduction of lower extremity edema
2) Reduction in muscle spasms
The nurse is assessing a patient's musculoskeletal status. Which observation indicates that the gait is normal? 1) Base is as wide as the patient's hips. 2) Symmetrical arm swing occurs with each step. 3) Foot is on the ground for 40% of the stance phase. 4) Foot is off of the ground for 60% of the swing phase.
2) Symmetrical arm swing occurs with each step.
A patient has a muscle that has been torn from the bone. Which structure has been injured in this patient? 1) Fascia 2) Tendon 3) Cartilage 4) Ligament
2) Tendon
The nurse is reviewing postoperative instructions with a patient recovering from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) surgery. Which statement indicates that additional teaching would be required? 1) "I should take the pain medication as prescribed." 2) "I should expect my hand to feel numb for a few weeks." 3) "I should perform hand exercises as directed by the therapist." 4) "I should stop any activity that causes hand numbness or pain."
2) "I should expect my hand to feel numb for a few weeks."
A patient has loose bone fragments within the knee. Which diagnostic test should be considered to remove these fragments? 1) Bone scan 2) Arthroscopy 3) Arthrocentesis 4) Electromyography
2) Arthroscopy
A patient is scheduled for an MRI of the pelvis. What should the nurse include when preparing this patient for the test? Select all that apply. 1) Insert a urinary catheter 2) Assess for metal implants 3) Remove all medication patches 4) Ensure all metal jewelry and hair items are removed 5) Maintain nothing by mouth status for eight hours before the test
2) Assess for metal implants 3) Remove all medication patches 4) Ensure all metal jewelry and hair items are removed 5) Maintain nothing by mouth status for eight hours before the test
A patient with Paget's disease is demonstrating manifestations of a fracture. What diagnostic test should be ordered to confirm if a fracture has occurred? 1) X-ray 2) Bone scan 3) Myelogram 4) Angiogram
2) Bone scan
The nurse auscultates a bruit over a patient's carotid artery. Which noninvasive diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Carotid angiography 2) Carotid duplex ultrasound 3) Magnetic resonance angiography 4) Computed tomography angiography
2) Carotid duplex ultrasound
A patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) does not want to have surgery. What is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Infection 2) Chronic pain 3) Further nerve injury 4) Hematoma formation
2) Chronic pain
The nurse is planning care for a patient with peripheral arterial disease. Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this patient? 1) Anxiety 2) Chronic pain 3) Risk for injury 4) Risk for decreased cardiac output
2) Chronic pain
An older patient is experiencing arthritis in major joints. What could be the reason for the development of this disorder? 1) Decreased cartilage 2) Decline in muscle mass 3) Less fluid in joint spaces 4) Loss of fluid in ligaments
2) Decline in muscle mass
A patient with peripheral vascular disease has a non-healing leg wound. Which observation indicates that the patient is at risk for an elective amputation? 1) Mutilation of soft tissue 2) Development of gangrene 3) Crushed lower extremity bone 4) Severed blood vessels and nerves
2) Development of gangrene
During a home visit the nurse suspects that a patient recovering from an amputation is not complying with prescribed postoperative care. What observation caused the nurse to make this clinical determination? 1) Suture line pink and slightly edematous 2) Evidence of a developing hip contracture 3) Stump wrapped with a compression bandage 4) Taking opioid medication every 8 to 10 hours
2) Evidence of a developing hip contracture
The nurse is preparing teaching material to help a patient with atherosclerosis manage lifestyle changes. What should the nurse emphasize in this teaching? 1) Limit cigarette smoking 2) Follow a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet 3) Consider adopting an active lifestyle 4) Take medications when symptoms occur
2) Follow a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
A patient recovering from surgery for bone cancer is scheduled for postoperative radiation treatments. What should the nurse emphasize when providing teaching before a treatment? 1)Apply lotion to the skin 2)Examine the condition of the skin 3)Coat the skin with protective cream 4)Lightly dust the skin with talcum powder
2)Examine the condition of the skin
The nurse is reviewing orders written for a patient with Paget's disease. Which medications should the nurse expect to be prescribed? Select all that apply. 1)Etidronate (Didronel) 2)Ibandronate (Boniva) 3)Risedronate (Actonel) 4)Calcitonin (Miacalcin) 5)Zoledronic acid (Zoledronate)
2)Ibandronate (Boniva) 3)Risedronate (Actonel) 5)Zoledronic acid (Zoledronate)
A patient recovering from total hip replacement surgery is having difficulty with position changes and ambulation. Which member of the interdisciplinary team should be consulted to address this patient's issues? 1)Orthopedic nurse 2)Physical therapist 3)Orthopedic surgeon 4)Occupational therapist
2)Physical therapist
The nurse suspects a patient has scoliosis. What observations caused the nurse to make this decision? Select all that apply. 1)Even gait 2)Uneven waist 3)Different arm lengths 4)Lateral curve of the spine 5)Uneven hem line at the knees
2)Uneven waist 3)Different arm lengths 4)Lateral curve of the spine 5)Uneven hem line at the knees
The nurse notes that patient is scheduled for an arthrogram. What is the purpose of this test? 1) Evaluate healing of a bone fracture 2) Visualize joint soft tissue structures 3) Identify the location of a bone tumor 4) Determine the cause for muscle weakness
2)Visualize joint soft tissue structures
A patient is suspected of having an abdominal aortic aneurysm. For which gold standard diagnostic test should the nurse prepare teaching for this client? 1) Cardiac MRI 2) Abdominal ultrasound 3) CT scan with IV contrast 4) Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)
3) CT scan with IV contrast
A patient has an injury where one side of the bone is bent and the other is fractured. How should the nurse document this fracture? 1) Spiral 2) Oblique 3) Greenstick 4) Comminuted
3) Greenstick
A patient is being evaluated for medication therapy to treat atherosclerosis. For which health problem would a statin be contraindicated? 1) Diverticulitis 2) Celiac disease 3) Liver cirrhosis 4) Type 2 diabetes mellitus
3) Liver cirrhosis
The nurse is preparing information about bone health for a community fair. What part of the bone should the nurse identify as containing living bone cells? 1) Nerves 2) Collagen 3) Osteoblasts 4) Blood vessels
3) Osteoblasts
The nurse is identifying actions to reduce a patient's risk for developing another deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What should the nurse include? 1) Restrict fluids 2) Wear tight leggings 3) Perform exercises every day 4) Increase the amount of time standing in place
3) Perform exercises every day
The nurse is preparing a teaching tool for a community health program. What should the nurse include as a risk factor for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)? 1) Male gender 2) Age less than 20 3) Plays musical instruments 4) Works as a marketing manager
3) Plays musical instruments
The nurse is preparing teaching material on the musculoskeletal system. What should the nurse include about the function of short bones? 1) Produces blood cells 2) Controls movement of the body 3) Provides stability with little movement 4) Controls contraction of organs and blood vessels
3) Provides stability with little movement
The nurse is evaluating a patient's musculoskeletal system. Which approach should be used to determine joint mobility? 1) Gait 2) Posture 3) Range of motion 4) Palpation of muscle tone
3) Range of motion
A middle-aged person with scoliosis asks why exercises are prescribed when the pain is already severe. How should the nurse respond to this patient? 1) "Exercise will stop the pain caused by the deformity." 2) "Pain medication should not be needed for people with scoliosis." 3) "Exercise can reverse and prevent the progression of the spinal deformity." 4) "Exercise helps with weight management, which is a major reason for the problem."
3) "Exercise can reverse and prevent the progression of the spinal deformity."
A patient's blood pressure is 158/90 mm Hg; however, previous measurements have been within normal limits. Which intervention would be appropriate for this patient? 1) Investigate for additional health problems 2) Prepare teaching on antihypertensive medications 3) Schedule an additional measurement in a few weeks 4) Instruct on the effects of hypertension on major body organs
3) Schedule an additional measurement in a few weeks
A patient is prescribed alendronate (Fosamax). What instruction should the nurse provide to the patient about this medication? 1) Take at bedtime 2) Take with a full meal 3) Take on an empty stomach 4) Take two hours after breakfast
3) Take on an empty stomach
During a physical assessment the nurse suspects that a client is experiencing a femoral thrombosis. What finding did the nurse use to make this clinical determination? 1) Calf pain 2) Dilated superficial veins 3) Thigh swelling to the knee 4) Entire leg swollen and painful
3) Thigh swelling to the knee
An older patient is diagnosed with a fractured hip joint. What should the nurse consider as the reason for this fracture? 1) Mineral deposits 2) Decreased joint fluid 3) Thinner joint cartilage 4) Loss of fluid in tendons
3) Thinner joint cartilage
A patient with severe hip pain is diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). What information should the nurse provide to the patient about this disease process? 1)"OA causes an overgrowth of cartilage in the joints." 2)"OA causes joint fluid to become bluish-white in color." 3)"OA causes a decrease in joint fluid that affects the cartilage." 4)"OA causes a build of fluid in the joints, hindering movement."
3)"OA causes a decrease in joint fluid that affects the cartilage."
The nurse notes that a patient has muscular and skeletal balance. What should this observation indicate to the nurse? 1) Joints are stressed. 2) Muscles are damaged. 3)Body organs are aligned. 4) Bones are compensating.
3)Body organs are aligned.
The nurse is preparing material about back pain for a community health fair. What should be included as a reason why this pain occurs most frequently in the lumbar region of the spine? 1)It contains peripheral nerves. 2)It is the most rigid area of the spine. 3)It is the most flexible area of the spine. 4)It anchors the weight of the lower body.
3)It is the most flexible area of the spine.
The nurse is assigned to care for a patient with muscular dystrophy. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? Select all that apply. 1)Nausea and vomiting 2)Alteration in cardiac rhythm 3)Progressive muscle weakening 4)Reduction in respiratory excursion 5)Wasting of voluntary muscle groups
3)Progressive muscle weakening 5)Wasting of voluntary muscle groups
A patient is diagnosed with a primary bone tumor. Which treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed first for this patient? 1)Surgery 2)Amputation 3)Radiotherapy 4)Chemotherapy
3)Radiotherapy
An older patient asks what can be done to prevent bone fractures. What should the nurse suggest to this patient? 1) Limit exposure to the sun 2) Increase the intake of water 3) Increase frequency of rest periods 4) Engage in weight-bearing exercise
4) Engage in weight-bearing exercise
The nurse suspects that a patient is developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). What finding caused the nurse to make this clinical determination? 1) Reduced radial pulses 2) Fingers cool to touch 3) Capillary refill > 3 seconds 4) Hand tingling during the night
4) Hand tingling during the night
A patient with atherosclerosis asks why smoking cessation is important. What should the nurse respond to this patient? 1) "Tobacco causes atherosclerosis." 2) "Tobacco reduces the effects of cholesterol in the body." 3) "Tobacco causes the blood pressure to drop and changes the cells within the arteries." 4) "Tobacco smoke speeds the growth of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries, aorta, and the legs."
4) "Tobacco smoke speeds the growth of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries, aorta, and the legs."
The nurse is evaluating teaching provided to a patient with hypertension. Which observation indicates that additional instruction would be required? 1) Asks that no one smoke in the house 2) Takes a 15-minute walk three times a day 3) Enjoys four ounces of red wine with dinner 4) Adds salt when cooking eggs in a frying pan
4) Adds salt when cooking eggs in a frying pan
A patient is recovering from an arthrocentesis of the right knee. What should the nurse instruct the patient regarding care at home? 1) Elevate the extremity 2) Ambulate with crutches 3) Avoid all weight bearing for three to five days 4) Apply ice to the wound for the first 24 hours
4) Apply ice to the wound for the first 24 hours
A patient with Paget's disease is prescribed a bisphosphonate medication. Which additional medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) Anticholinergic 2) Thiazide diuretic 3) Antihypertensive 4) Calcium with vitamin D
4) Calcium with vitamin D
A patient is suspected of having osteoporosis. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? 1) MRI 2) CT scan 3) Bone scan 4) DEXA scan
4) DEXA scan
A patient is experiencing severe lower back pain that radiates down the leg causing weakness. Which diagnostic test should be considered after an MRI? 1) CT scan 2) Bone scan 3) Spinal x-ray 4) Electromyography
4) Electromyography
A patient is recovering from surgery to repair a third-degree strain. What needs to be emphasized to the patient about postoperative care? 1) Elevate the extremity 2) Rest the extremity for up to 72 hours 3) Apply ice to the area three to five times a day 4) Immobilize the extremity for four to six weeks
4) Immobilize the extremity for four to six weeks
The nurse suspects that a patient has atherosclerosis. What finding did the nurse use to make this clinical determination? 1) Dizziness 2) Headaches 3) Nosebleeds 4) Pain when walking
4) Pain when walking
A patient is experiencing bursitis of the hip. What physical finding should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? 1) Muscle edema 2) Shortened limb 3) Hip contracture 4) Pain with movement
4) Pain with movement
A patient recovering from total knee replacement surgery develops osteomyelitis. What teaching should the nurse prepare as a priority for this patient? 1) Antibiotic therapy 2) Pain management 3) Debridement of the wound 4) Removal of the knee prosthesis
4) Removal of the knee prosthesis
An older patient seeks emergency care for a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain. Which health problem should the nurse suspect be occurring in this patient? 1) Rupture of the appendix 2) Small bowel obstruction 3) Passing of a kidney stone 4) Rupture of an abdominal aneurysm
4) Rupture of an abdominal aneurysm
