Final exam study guide

What preparations can be done before washing hands and donning gloves when taking radiographs?

Adjusting the patient chair and asking the patient to remove their glasses

Weak radiation leaving the tube during exposure is prevented by the use of a/an:

Aluminum Filter

What part of the tubehead filters out weak low-energy wavelengths?

Aluminum Filter

An ion is:

An atom that has lost electrions

The area of the mandible where the ramus and body meet is termed:

Angle of the Mandible

You take an image of the maxillary anteriors, you see a radiopaque "V" above the roots of the teeth. What landmark is this?

Anterior Nasal Spine

What does ALARA stand for?

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

On a dental radiograph, the lamina dura appears:

As a dense radiopaque line that sounds the root of a tooth

Which of following is used to sterilize beam alignment devices?

Autoclave

Which of the following is true of radiation monitoring badges?

Badges should be worn at waist level when exposing x-ray receptors

Semi critical instruments

Beam Alignment Device

Which of the following is an indication for hand washing?

Before leaving the dental operatory Before donning gloves and immediately following glove remova

In dentistry, only products that are registered with the ______ as hospital disinfectants with tuberculocidal claims should be used to disinfect treatment areas.

EPA

Who is credited with the first practical use of radiographs in dentistry?

Edmund Kells

What is the negatively charged particle that is responsible for producing radiographs?

Electron

Foreshortening of the maxillary radiographic image results from

Excessive Vertical Angulation

If you have an image that seems light and underdeveloped, which of the following is not a possible cause?

Excessive developing time

What area(s) of the treatment room should be covered with a plastic barrier to reduce chance of disease transmission when taking radiographs?

Exposure button , control panel, head rest

The dental assistant should wear gloves when transporting exposed films to the processing room.

False

All contaminated items must be disposed of:

Following local and state environment regulations While still wearing gloves in the presence of the patient

What component of a film packet is included to reduce back scatter that can cause film fogging?

Lead foil sheet

What type of radiation can be prevented and eliminated?

Leakage Radiation

Nutrient canals are most often seen in the ________ because the bone is typically thin.

Mandibular Anterior

Which of the following mandibular landmarks can be seen on a panoramic image but CANNOT be seen on intraoral images?

Mandibular condyle

The incisive foramen is located within which region of the oral cavity?

Maxillary Anterior

When taking an image of the maxillary molars, you are going to see which of the following landmarks?

Maxillary Sinus

The rounded, radiopaque prominence that extends distal to the maxillary 3rd molars

Maxillary Tuberosity

The immovable joint that fuses the two maxilla bones and appears radiolucent on a radiograph:

Median palatial suture

A small, round radiolucency between the apicies of the mandibular premolars:

Mental foramen

The amount of electrons needed to produce a diagnostic film is referred to as:

Milliamperes

A radiopaque, vertical bony wall that divides the nasal cavity into right and left portions:

Nasal septum

The cathode is the:

Negative Terminal

How often should the processing tank be cleaned?

Once per week

What is the term used for when the contact area of a tooth is superimposed over the contact area of the adjacent tooth on a radiograph?

Overlapping

The styloid process is visible on which type(s) of images?

Panoramic Radiograph

The coronoid process appears as a radiopacity on which type(s) of films:

Panoramic and intraoral films

In relation to the floor, where should the patient's occlusal plane be positioned when exposing periapical radiographs using the paralleling technique?

Parallel to the floor

When utilizing the parallel technique, the receptor is placed:

Parallel to the long axis of the tooth

To view a periapical abscess, the dental assistant will be instructed to take a/an:

Periapical Image

What is the error term for when a patients finger is seen in a radiograph?

Phalangioma

An intensifying screen is a smooth plastic sheet coated in:

Phosphors

When exposing posterior periapical radiographs, which film should be exposed first?

Premolar

The beam of radiation which is responsible for exposing the x-ray film is the:

Primary/Direct

The most important step in limiting radiation exposure is:

Proper prescribing

The coin test is conducted to determine:

Proper safelighting

When looking at a film, which tooth structure is the most radiolucent?

Pulp

________ is energy that is carried by a stream or by waves created by particles.

Radiation

The term used for a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional image:

Radiograph

On a panoramic image, the lip line appears:

Radiolucent where the lips do not cover the teeth and radiopaque where lips cover the teeth

On a panoramic image, the tongue appears:

Radiopaque

The genial tubercles appear ______ on a dental film.

Radiopaque

In extra-oral radiography, which screens expose the patient to less radiation?

Rare earth

What type of PID is most effective at reducing exposure to the patient

Rectangular

Which PID significantly reduces patient exposure?

Rectangular

The purpose of the fixing agent is to:

Remove all unexposed and undeveloped silver halide crystals from the film emulsion

The bisecting technique is based on the:

Rule of isometry

Radiation produced with high kilovoltage results in:

Short Wavelengths

Which component of the film emulsion stores energy from radiation?

Silver Halide Crystals

The term used to describe the process that inactivates all forms of microbial life including bacterial spores, viruses, bacteria, and fungi:

Sterilization

What is the cause for reticulation of the emulsion on a processed film?

Sudden temperature change

Critical instruments

Surgical burs, forceps, scalpels, bone chisels, scalers,

What is the correct term utilized to describe the distance between the vacuum tube and the film/sensor?

Target-Receptor Distance

How is pathogen transmission reduced when using a digital receptor to take a radiograph?

The use of a disposable plastic barrier

If the dental radiographer is interrupted and must leave the room during exposure of radiographs:

They must remove gloves and wash their hands before leaving the room. Then wash hands and don gloves upon returning to the room.

Which of the following describes the use of a filter in a dental tube head?

To remove low energy x-rays

Which beam alignment device includes bite blocks, aiming rings, and indicator arms?

XCP

A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate objects and record their shadows is _________.

Xray

The J- or U-shaped radiopacity located superior to the maxillary first molars:

Zygomatic Process of the Maxilla

After a patient has been dismissed, dental unit surfaces and counter tops that may have been contaminated should be cleaned with an EPA-registered ______________________________.

intermediate- level disinfectant

What exposure factor controls the quality of the x-ray beam?

kVp

Non critical instruments

position-indicating device (PID), the dental x-ray tubehead, the exposure button, the x-ray control panel, the lead apron, and, with digital imaging, the computer keyboard/mouse.

The optimum temperature for development is:

68 degrees

When discussing film processing, the term Reduction refers to:

A chemical reaction where the halide portion of the exposed silver halide crystals are removed

The correct steps in manual film processing are:

Development, Rinsing, Fixing, Washing, Drying

The maximum permissible dose for a dental radiographer is:

5.0 rems per year

One of the most effective ways to limit operator exposure is to keep a distance of at least ___ feet from the primary beam

6 feet

When using a circular collimator, federal regulations require the beam to be a diameter no less than which of the following?

2.75 inches

In order to be effective, the safelight must be ___ above the working surface.

4 feet

Term used to describe the softer, spongy bone between two layers of dense bone:

Cancellous

The material responsible for giving support and stiffness to the x-ray film is called:

Cellulose acetate

What refers to how sharply dark and light areas are differentiated on an image?

Contrast

When the mA is increased, what should be done to the exposure time?

Decrease

According to the Inverse Square Law, when the distance of a beam is increased, the intensity of the radiation beam is _____________________________________.

Decreased

A person who positions, exposes, and processes dental radiographs is a:

Dental Radiographer

What is the most important use of dental radiographs?

Detection

____________ was the New York Dentist that was the first person to use film in intraoral radiographs.

Frank Van Woert

In the bisecting technique, the radiographer must visualize the plane that divides in half the angle formed by the receptor and the long axis of the tooth. This plane is termed the:

Imaginary Bisector

Which of the following is a maxillary landmark?

Infraorbital Foramen

What component of the tube head prevents overheating by absorbing the heat that is created when x-rays are produced?

Insulating Oil

The mandibular canal is a tubelike passageway through bone that houses the inferior alveolar nerve block. It appears as a radiolucent band on which type(s) of films?

Intraoral and extraoral films

The term given to the intersection of the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus is:

Inverted Y

It is important to monitor all dental x-ray machines to check for any leakage radiation. This can be done using a film device that can be distributed by the state heath department or the manufacturer of the x-ray equipment

True

The leaded-glass housing of the vacuum tube prevents x-rays from escaping. There is a window in the leaded-glass that allows x-rays travel toward the PID.

True

What component of the vacuum tube produces the electrons that are needed to create x-ray beams

Tungsten Filament

Besides gamma rays, what additional radiation wave from the EMR spectrum is considered harmful to tissue due to its wavelength?

Ultra-violet

Radiation protection for the patient would include:

Use of a lead apron

The part of the x-ray machine that produces the radiation is the:

Vacuum Tube

Intensifying screens convert x-ray energy into ________ which then exposes the screen film.

Visible light

Which radiology pioneer is known as "the father" of x-rays?

Whilhem Conrad Roentgen

After removing an exposed film from the patient's mouth, the first thing you should do is:

Wipe saliva from film