Final Study Guide- 1

In the 1870s, the "internal combustion engine" was developed in Select one: a. Europe. b. the United States. c. Asia. d. Africa. e. Australia.

a. Europe.

In the nineteenth century, vaudeville theater Select one: a. consisted of a variety of stage acts. b. only employed white performers. c. had been created in the United States. d. both consisted of a variety of stage acts, and only employed white performers. e. None of these answers is correct.

a. consisted of a variety of stage acts.

Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio? Select one: a. Cyrus Field b. J. P. Morgan c. John D. Rockefeller d. Andrew Carnegie e. Samuel Morse

c. John D. Rockefeller

According to the philosophy of pragmatism, society should be guided by Select one: a. scientific inquiry. b. inherited ideals. c. democratic tradition. d. moral principles. e. religious faith.

a. scientific inquiry.

By 1900, the transportation systems of American cities included Select one: a. elevated railroads. b. subways. c. electric trolleys and cable cars. d. suspension bridges. e. All these answers are correct

e. All these answers are correct

During the mid-nineteenth century, Hispanics living in California Select one: a. lost ownership of large areas of lands. b. saw an expansion in the power of californios. c. attempted to revive the Spanish mission society. d. joined with white Americans to drive out Indians. e. increasingly became part of the state's middle class.

a. lost ownership of large areas of lands.

In the American business community at the end of the nineteenth century, Select one: a. one percent of corporations controlled one-third of all manufacturing. b. almost all corporations had achieved stability through "pool" arrangements. c. federal reforms of corporations had ended the most predatory business practices. d. most states had made it illegal for one corporation to buy another one. e. rampant competitiveness and labor shortages helped to keep prices down and wages up.

a. one percent of corporations controlled one-third of all manufacturing.

In the late nineteenth century, the Tammany Hall political machine Select one: a. saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison. b. was one of the few machines that did not engage in graft and corruption. c. operated out of Chicago. d. operated out of Chicago and saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison. e. All these answers are correct.

a. saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison

Chinese tongs were Select one: a. secret societies. b. prostitutes. c. community officials. d. merchants. e. indentured servants.

a. secret societies.

In the late nineteenth century, the writer Henry George argued in favor of Select one: a. taxing only the richest Americans. b. a single land tax to replace all other taxes. c. government efforts to increase land values. d. heavier taxes on the raw materials of industry. e. abolishing all taxes.

b. a single land tax to replace all other taxes.

The nineteenth-century game of "rounders" became the modern sport of Select one: a. basketball. b. baseball. c. golf. d. football. e. soccer.

b. baseball.

The designers of New York City's Central Park Select one: a. tried to make it a meeting place for immigrant leaders. b. deliberately created a public space that would look as little like the city as possible. c. thought of the park as a place where city government could meet in the open air. d. were hoping that the park could be a source of local agriculture and food production. e. initially wanted it to be exclusively accessible to the wealthy of the city.

b. deliberately created a public space that would look as little like the city as possible.

During the late nineteenth century, all of the following innovations occurred in consumer goods EXCEPT the Select one: a. emergence of ready-made clothing. b. formation of credit card companies. c. ability to refrigerate foods artificially. d. opening of large department stores. e. development and mass production of tin cans.

b. formation of credit card companies.

In the late nineteenth century, which of the following was NOT a major western industry that relied on the East for markets and capital? Select one: a. mining b. fur trading c. ranching d. commercial farming e. both fur trading and ranching

b. fur trading

Which of the following statements regarding Coney Island is FALSE? Select one: a. The average daily attendance at Luna Park in 1904 was 90,000 people. b. The park provided an escape from the genteel standards that dictated social behavior at the time. c. The park developed a reputation for wholesome family attractions. d. The park experienced phenomenal popularity. e. The park provided lavish reproductions of exotic places and spectacular adventures.

c. The park developed a reputation for wholesome family attractions.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 Select one: a. resulted in the deportation of half of the Chinese in the United States. b. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. c. banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalized citizens. d. was only applied in California. e. had little effect on the size of the Chinese population in America.

c. banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalized citizens.

Compared with the first generation, second-generation immigrants were more likely to Select one: a. hold on to their old ethnic habits. b. lose faith in the United States due to the hardships they experienced. c. break from their traditional culture. d. resist external social pressures to assimilate. e. return to the Old World for good.

c. break from their traditional culture.

The American artistic movement known as the "Ashcan school" Select one: a. portrayed an idealized image of rural life. b. was strongly influenced by Old World masters. c. included the painter Edward Hopper. d. was most identified with the work of John Singer Sargent. e. rejected expressionism and abstraction as artistic fads.

c. included the painter Edward Hopper.

In his books, Horatio Alger Select one: a. offered true accounts of poor Americans who had become wealthy. b. took critical issue with the ideas of Social Darwinism. c. inspired readers with stories of Americans rising from "rags-to-riches." d. criticized child labor in American industry. e. argued that wealth and privilege were ultimately hollow achievements.

c. inspired readers with stories of Americans rising from "rags-to-riches."

Until its repeal in 1885, the Labor Contract Law Select one: a. discouraged immigration from non-European countries. b. prevented the formation of labor unions. c. put many new immigrants in debt to American businessmen. d. was an attempt to reform American business practices. e. mandated that each worker sign an individual contract with a company.

c. put many new immigrants in debt to American businessmen.

All of the following writers and artists made significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West EXCEPT Select one: a. Frederic Remington. b. Mark Twain. c. Theodore Roosevelt. d. James Whistler. e. Frederick Jackson Turner.

d. James Whistler.

In the 1890s, Florence Kelley and the National Consumers League sought to Select one: a. encourage immigrants to become greater consumers. b. improve the safety and quality of consumer products. c. protect family businesses from the competition of corporate retailers. d. force retailers and manufacturers to improve wages and working conditions for women workers. e. All these answers are correct.

d. force retailers and manufacturers to improve wages and working conditions for women workers.

In the late nineteenth century, immigrants in the United States Select one: a. were generally better educated than immigrants who arrived a generation before. b. took up semi-skilled craft jobs. c. avoided ports like Ellis Island for fear they would be denied entry. d. generally lacked the capital to buy farmland. e. settled overwhelmingly in the relatively empty Northwest.

d. generally lacked the capital to buy farmland.

In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking Select one: a. the legality of segregation. b. restrictions on black education. c. the loss of black voting rights. d. the crime of lynching. e. the arguments of Booker T. Washington.

d. the crime of lynching.

In the late nineteenth century, political "machines" in cities owed their existence to Select one: a. the rapid growth of urban America. b. the potential voting power of large immigrant communities. c. disillusionment with heavy-handed and powerful city governments. d. the rapid growth of urban America and the potential voting power of large immigrant communities. e. the potential voting power of large immigrant communities and disillusionment with powerful city governments.

d. the rapid growth of urban America and the potential voting power of large immigrant communities.

In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers Select one: a. saw a rise in their standard of living. b. experienced a loss in their control over their own work. c. were forced to contend with arduous and dangerous working conditions. d. both saw a rise in their standard of living, and experienced a loss in their control over their own work. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

In the late nineteenth century, the assimilation of immigrants was encouraged by Select one: a. the sale of American products. b. public education. c. church leaders. d. religious reform. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was Select one: a. highly multiracial. b. highly stratified along racial lines. c. paid higher wages than workers in the East. d. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

Northern commitment to Reconstruction waned as a result of Select one: a. the adoption of the Fifteenth Amendment. b. the growing political strength of Democrats. c. the Panic of 1873. d. perceptions of black and carpetbag misgovernment in the South. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century Select one: a. destroyed the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers. b. was accelerated by the booming new market for buffalo hide. c. happened almost entirely in the space of two decades. d. was fostered by the railroad companies. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer Select one: a. included blowing air through molten iron. b. involved adding ingredients to molten iron. c. was also developed by an American, William Kelly. d. included both blowing air through and adding ingredients to molten iron. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

The western cattle industry saw Mexican ranchers first develop Select one: a. saddles. b. spurs. c. lariats. d. leather chaps. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

Which statement about education in the late nineteenth century is FALSE? Select one: a. It was a period of rapid expansion for public schools. b. By 1900, most states required compulsory school attendance. c. Educational opportunities extended to Indian tribes as well. d. Southern blacks had far less access to education than southern whites. e. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas.

e. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas.

Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate? Select one: a. Given the context within which Americans of the 1860s and 1870s were working, it is surprising that Reconstruction did so little. b. A lack of respect for private property and free enterprise prevented any real assault on economic privilege in the South. c. The president and his party proved uninterested in supporting even modest acceptance of African American rights. d. The president and his party had hoped to build up a "new Democratic" organization in the South. e. Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.

e. Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.

Question text Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892? Select one: a. Henry Frick shut down the plant in an attempt to destroy the Amalgamated union. b. The entire Pennsylvania National Guard was ordered to protect strikebreakers. c. Hundreds of guards hired by Homestead were defeated in a deadly battle with strikers. d. One radical made a failed attempt to assassinate Henry Clay Frick. e. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike

e. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington Select one: a. called for political and civil rights for black Americans. b. criticized the federal government for abandoning southern blacks. c. argued that blacks should honor their African forebears. d. stated that blacks should give up in seeking equality with whites. e. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation

e. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation

By 1890, populations in the biggest urban areas Select one: a. increased mainly as a result of longer life expectancy. b. experienced massive growth even where there was little immigration. c. rose as the number of children born into urban families doubled. d. soared as the rates of infant mortality and disease significantly declined. e. consisted mostly of foreign-born immigrants and their children.

e. consisted mostly of foreign-born immigrants and their children.

In 1894, the population density of Manhattan was Select one: a. significantly lower than the density of New York today. b. equal to the density of Paris. c. significantly lower than that of most major European cities. d. greater than in all major American cities except Boston. e. greater than the most crowded European cities.

e. greater than the most crowded European cities.

The Homestead Act of 1862 Select one: a. gave without condition 160 acres to all settlers who would move to the West. b. only applied to public lands within the borders of an organized state. c. saw settlers on the Plains complain the claims were too large for grain farming. d. proved to be enormously popular with western ranchers. e. was later expanded by the Timber Culture Act.

e. was later expanded by the Timber Culture Act.

In the late nineteenth century, "range wars" in the West were often between Select one: a. white Americans and Indians. b. white American ranchers and Mexican ranchers. c. white American ranchers and Chinese ranchers. d. individual white American ranchers and large American ranching corporations. e. white American ranchers and farmers.

e. white American ranchers and farmers.