food science final exam ansc 1329
sugars are chemcial compounds witht he chemical formaula of
(CH2O)n
which of the following is a disaccharide
/ sucrose/
which of the following is a monosaccharide
/GALACTOSE/
to be labeled fat free a product must have less than - grams of fat per serving
0.5 grams
daily human protein needs are:
0.8g per kg body weight
the cdc estimates that roughly - americans are sickened by food borne illness
1 in 6
thorst is a physiological signal from the body that water level has decreased by-
1-2 %
shortening is which percentage of fat
100%
how many calories are in a kilocalorie
1000 caloreis
long chain fattu acids have greater than - carbons
12 carbons
wheat hardness is an indication of the protein he=ardness the protein content of wheat is approximately
12%
each egg shell has approximately --- pores
12,000
per capita consumption og fish in the us is approximately
15 pounds
which of the following temperature/time parameters is appropriate for HTST( high temperature - short time) pasteurization
162 F for 15 seconds
which fatty acid is not an omega-3 fatty acid
16:0
how many calories are in 45 grams of carbohydrates
180 calories
per capita consumption of cereal grains in the us is approximately-
180-200 pounds
canyon tx, is in which of the following water hardness zones
181-250 ppm ( very hard)
which fatty acid has the highest melting point
18:3
which year had the highest per capia consumption of cereal grains
1999
poultry protein sources are approximately what percentage of protein
20% protein
a chicken egg yolk contains approximatelu - mg of cholesterol
200 mg
total consumption of red meats and poultry is approximately
225 pounds
per capita consumption of fruits in the us is approximately -
250 pounds
low fat foods must have less than - g of fat per serving
3 grams
sugar alcohold such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol have - kcal of energy per gram
3 kcal/
usda reccommends consuming - ounces of meat everyday
3-6
dr lawerence burns an average of 3,147 kcal per day , how much h2o should he consume each day
3.1 L
if you consumed 200 pounds of sugar per year how many calories did you consume
363,200
proteins have - kcal of energy per gram
4
daily per capitia water consumption in the us is approximately -
400 gallons
per capita consumption of vegetables in the US is approximately
400 pounds
refrigeration redices the amount of thermal energy in food when thermal energy decreases, the growth time for bacteria increases. what is the amount of time required for bacteria to double at 40F
6 hours
activated carbon is used to filter contaminats out of water one pound has a very high surface area of approximately-
60 to 150 acres
dr. tennant weighs 190 pounds . how many grams of protein does he need to consume per day
69 grams
blood glucose should remain in the normal range of
70-110 mg glucose/100 mL blood
the fatty acid octanoic acid has how many carbon atoms
8 atoms
what is the chemical name for capsaicin
8-methyl-N-vanilly 6-nonenamide
milk must contain -% solids that are not fat
8.25%
butter is -% fat
80%
total consumption of fats and oils is approximately
85 pounds
lipids contain - kcal of energy
9 kcals of energy
dextrose is the name for which sugar when added to food products
<GLUCOSE>
retinol is a chemcial form of which vitamin
A
which grade of egg is the most attractive retail appearence and is typicallu sold at retail markets
AA
the ultimate source if eergy for muscular contraction is
ADP
What is a limiting amino acid?
An amino acid found in the shortest supply relative to the amount needed for protein synthesis
the starchy oart of a wheat grain is the :
B -endosperm
approximate caloric density for 1g of vegetables is
B-4kcal per gram
the most effeceint energy source for human energy needs is :
C-glucose
the Disaccharide found in dairy products is
C-lactose
what has a lower melting point trans fat or cis
CIS fatty acids
muscle color can differ due to A- conversion of oxymyoglobin to metmyglobin B- myoglobin content C-pH D- all of the above
D- all of the above
which part of the wheat cernel grain is bleached flour made from
EndoSperm/
the coffee plant (coffea arabica) orginitated in
Ethopia
what governemnt organization is responsible for regualting seafood establishments
FDA- Food and Drug Adminsitration
the enxyme glucose isomerase is used to convert glucose into
FRUCTOSE
most carbohydrates digested in the body are converted to what
GLUCOSE
which sugar is known as animal starh and is found in high concentrations in liver
GLYCOGEN/
c6h12o6 is NOT the molecular formula for
GaLactose2
your brain uses which carbohydrate as is source of energy
Glucose
which grade of poultry is most commonly sild at retail markets
Grade A
which grade of butter is most commonly sold in retail stores
Grade AA
what increases the melting point of oils
HYDROGENATION
which usda protein fat free label category has the greatest amount of added water
Ham and water product
4.7% of raw cows milk is
LACTOSE:/
while dining on a ribeye steak at your favorite steakhouse you realize you are consuming the :
M. longissimus dorsi
the compressed gas used to propel food from its container is usually
NITROGEN
tocotrienol is an antioxidant similar in structure to vitamin E it may help lower cholesterol significant amounts of tocotrienol are found in
RICE
what is the most popular vegetable in the u.s
TOMATOES
what type of milk can remian shelf stable until opened
UHT milk
which vitamin is a water soluble antixiodant commonly found in citrius fruits
VITAMIN C
what are the specialized cells where fat is stored called
adipose tissue
the protein that is a hormone and causes fight or flight is
adrenaline
which of the following is a gungus that auses necrosis cirrhosis, and carcinoma of the liver
aflatoxin
the chemical form of vitamin E is known as
alpha Tocopherol
which enzyme is found in BEANO
alpha galactosidase
the building blocks of proteins
amino acids
what do amino acids contain
an NH2 group and a COOH functional group
what is the chemical linkage that joins a fatty acid to a glycerol molecule called
an ester linkage
substances like ammonium citrate which absorb mositure to keep products like table salt and sugar from clumping are known as wht
anti-caking agents
which of the following alternative sweeteners must carry a warning kabel for persons with PKU ( phenylketonuria)
aspartame
what does the latin Ad LIBITUM translate to
at ones pleasure
which is the most popular fruit worlwide
banana
which is the most popular fruit is the u.s
bananas
pulled pork barbaque sandwhiches are most commonly made from which wholesale cut
boston blade shoulder
which part constitutes the greatest percentage of a turkey carcass
breast
which enzyme un pineapple hydrolyzes collagen
bromelin
which lipid would NOT be a good choice for deep frying due to its lows smoke point temperature
butter fat
which fatty acid has the highest melting point
c16 h32o2
which fatty acid has the shortest chain length
c4h8o2
water hardness is a quantification of which minerals A- lead and carbon B-calcium and magnesium C-potassium and chloride D-argon and nickel
calcium and magnesium
which of the followinf types of oils would you reccommend to persons on a diet low in saturated fats
canola
which fat replacer is a combination of capric and caprylic fatty acids and is used in chocolate coatings.
caprenin
which conatins more oxygen atoms per molecule carbohydrates or lipids
carbohydrates-
which element is not added to filtered water to improve taste
carbon
whar chemical provides he fizz in soft drinks
carbon dioxide
which class of pigmenrs are precursors to vitamin A
carotenoids
which of the following hydrocolloids is made from seaweed and is usually an ingredient in chocolate milk-
carrageenan
which of the following is a polysaccharide
cellulose
the plant pigment responsible for the color green is what
chlorophyll
the anaerobic spore forming gram positive rod-shaped bacteria that produces a neurotoxin with a minimal infective dose of a few nanograms is
clostridium botulinum
which if the following is not an example of a gum (HYDRICOLLOID)
collagen
structural proteins found in muscle and organs that are very high in proline and hydroxyproline are
collagen and elastin
the four grades of young beef do not include which grade
commercial
what cereal grain is the most abundantly produced worldwide
corn
the chemical bond that holds a molecule of water(two hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom ) together is
covalent
which pathogen is actually a single celled organism
cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia
which of the following is known as vitamin B12
cyanocobalamin
which alternative sweetener is mnot approved in the u,s but is approved in canada-
cyclamate
when was margariane developed and by who
developed in 1969 by a french chemist
which of the following is a two fatty acid molecules bound to a glycerol molecule
di-glyceride
the flavor of butter comes from which chemical compound
diacetyl
which of the following is anti-foaming agent
dimethylpolysiloxane
tje minor auqifor under the amarillo/ canyon are is named
dockum
roe are -
eggs from fin fish
compounds that can suspend lipids in water by isolating individual fat droplets using a shell of water or protein molecules or other substances to prevent the fat from coalescing are known as what
emulsifiers
which part of the corn cereal grain is HFCS made from
endosperm
proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions are known as
enzymes
the process of adding a fatty acid to a glycerol backbone to produce fat is known as
esterification
which of the following causes the ripening of fruit
ethylene
what is the term for using carbohydrates or proteins used to replace fat in foods
fat replacers
which of the following is a high protein food
fish
toxicity of which mineral found in the texas panhandle are water supply causes mottling of teeth
flouride
which poultry label indicated the product cannot be chilled below 26F
fresh
the monosaccharide commonly known as fruit sugar is
fructose
sucrose AKA table sugar is a combination of which two monosaccharides
fructose and glucose
which of the following is a protein source derived from heating collagen
gelatin
the acronym GRAS translates to
generally regarded as safe
c6h12o6 is the molecular formula for what
glucose
lactose aka milk sugar us a combination of which two monosacchraides
glucose and galactose
celaic disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine associate with foods that contain
gluten
the primary storgae form of glucose for humans is
glycogen
poultry that was stored between 0F and 26 F is labeled as
hard chilled poultry
which of the following syrups was used as a cost reducing ingredient in coke/pop/soda
high fructose corn syrup
the process for pumping milk through very small holes to reduce fat globules toa diameter of less tan 2um is :
homogenization
mead is a food from fermented
honey
food chilling guidlines suggest that we keeo hot foods hot and cold foods cold the temperature parameters for the guidlines are
hot>140 F cold <40F
rotten egg ordor in water indicates the presence of dissolved- in the water
hydrogen sulfide
tge processs of converting liquid oils in a semisolid by reolacing carbon-carbon double bonds with hydrogen atoms is known as
hydrogenation
excessovely high levels of caalcium in the blood known as --- impairs kidney function , and lead to reduced absorption of other essential minerals such as iron, zinc,magnesium and phosphorous
hypercalcemia
very high blood glucose , above 2.0 mg/mL is known as
hyperglycemia
which of the following is defined as low blood glucose
hypoglycemia
aurimi can be found in what
imitation crab
which is not a desiriable method to defrost poultry
in hot water
between 1970 and 2000, total consumption of vegetables
increased steadily
if you are dinning on a jack daniels flatiron at TGi fridays what muscle are you consuming
infraspinatus
which of the following is not a b vitamin added to enriched white flour
iron
which of the following sugars has the lowest relative sweetness
lactose
which of the following is caused by a lactase defeciency
lactose intolerance
water at sea level boils at 212F, you are in canyon tx at an elevationof 3,551 feet above sea level water in canyon boils at a temperature - water at sea level
less than
the monosaccharide found on fruits is
levulose
which of the following is a non-polar water insoluble compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
lipids
which has the greatest density
liquid water
which of the following bacterial microorganisms is a concern in rte meat can take up to 3 weeks before onset of sickness causes abortion and has a high fatality rate
listeria monocytogenes
your body contains about 1---- of iron
milligram
ground water that is for sale and that contains at least 250ppm tital dissolved solids (TDS) must be labeled as
mineral water
brown sugar is sucrose coated with a film of what
molasses
which of the following is an electrolyte you would expect to find in sports drink
monopotassium phosphate
the red color of red meats come from which protein
myoglobin
which metal ion is used to catalyze the hydrigenation reaction
nickel
the ingredient that is added to meat to created cured meats is known as
nitrite
which of the following elements is not found in carbohydrates
nitrogen
what is the nutritional value difference between white and brown eggs
no nutritional difference
which pathogen results in the most illnesses annually
norovirus
the trade name for the artificial sweetener aspartame is
nutrasweet
which cereal grain has been shown to lower blood cholesterol following regular consumption
oats
which is liquid at room temperatur fats or oils
oils
which of the following fat replacers is a sucrose polyester that was used in potato chips and caused diarrhea when consumed in excess
olestra
wjocj of the following is the highest percentahe monounsaturated fat
olive
what is a polyunsaturated fat that had double bond occuring betweeb the 3rd and fourth carbons called
omega-3
which requires the greatest amount of water to produce
one egg
what is the genus and species of lamb
ovis aries
which water purifiaction method utilizies the corona discharge to create a molecule which is a strong oxidizer
ozonation
which cheese has a very low water content
parmesan
the chemical bond between 2 amino acids is know as
peptide bond
persons with PKU cannot metabolize which amino acid
phenylalanine
the majority of fat calories consumed in the us diet are from
plant sources
baby back ribs are a cut from which specie
porcine
what is a nutrient dense source of vitamin B1- thiamin
pork
what type of 100% fat is lard
pork fat
ingredients which extend shelf life and prevent the deterioration of foods are known as what
preservatives
which of the following is believed to be the causative agent from transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
prions
which of the following is not an essential amino acid
proline
the bitter flavor of tonic water is the result of which ingredient
quinine hydrochloride
the chemical deteriotation of at is known as
rancidity
which of the following water purification systems can remove salt from water
reverse osmosis
which grain has been genetically engineered to conatin higher quantities of beta-carotene
rice
which of the following grades of young chicken is the youngest and the smallest in size
rock cornish game hen
which fat source is the greatest in proportion of polyunsaturated fat
safflower
which spice is the stigma of a flower
saffron
which pathogen results in the most deaths annually
salmonella
which of the following bacterial microorganisms should you be concerned with when preparing foods that contain uncooked eggs
salmonella enteriditis
what is the best source of omeage-3 fatty acids
sardines
water that has been softened has had calcium and magnesium replaced with
sodium
which mineral is know as halite
sodium chloride
which of the following food preservation ingredients inhibits bacterial growth , causes a pink color to processed meats and is known as the cure
sodium nitrite
tofu is a staple of the asian diet that is made from -
soybeans
the thickening of gravy is an example of what
starch gelatinization
betwee 1970 and 2000,total consumption of fruit
steadily increased 1
which alternative sweetener is created by replacing 3 hydroxyl groups on sucrose with chlorine
sucralose
the sweetest non-nutritive sweetener is
sucralose/
the trade name for the artificial sweetener saccharin is
sweet n' low
who is responsible for regulating the health and saftey of poultry production establishments
the USDA
What is pasteurization?
the application of a high heat for a short time to kill harmful bacteria in beverages
ham is a red meat cut from
the hindquatars of a pork carcass
fruit butter is made from what
the pulp of the fruit
jam is made from what-
the pureed fruit
how many carbon carbon double bonds do unsaturated fatty acids have
they have one or more double bonds
which of the following is not a true vegetable- A- asparagus B-carrots C-lettuce D-tomatoes
tomatoes
which fatyy acids are bent and which are linear
trans are linear and CIS are bent
your body prefers to store fats as
tri-glycerides
which amino acid is high in turkey products and influences serotinin , a mood and sleep neurotransmitter
tryptophan
vitamin d . the sunshine vitamin, is synthesized bby exposure to
ultraviolet radiation
which of the following is not one of the 4 basic tastes
unami
which is not a quality grade of young beef
utility
which is an essentail amino acid
valine
the bacterua of greatest concern in seafood products especially shellfish is
vibria vulnificus and parahaemolyticus
which is a fat soluble vitamin
vitamin A
which fat soluble vitamin was discovered in denmark and is vital to blood clotting functions
vitamin K
what does NOT increase the density of margarine
whipping air into it
which type of flour is made from the entire ground up wheat grain
whole wheat flour
in the bulk fermentation bread production process which of the following ingredients is commonly added
yeast
