Government-Chapter 13

Establishing the court that has the power to hear and decide a particular case is called

Jurisdiction

What is a class action lawsuit?

A civil lawsuit brought by a group of individuals

Who writes a concurring opinion?

A justice who agrees with the outcome of a case but disagrees with the legal reasoning employed

The term "precedent" refers to

A legal norm that applies to future cases

"Senatorial courtesy" refers to

A norm whereby the president consults senators of his party from a state where he is appointing a district court judge

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between a plaintiff an defendant

A plaintiff brings a case, and a defendant is sued or charged with a crime

Battles between the president and Congress over federal court nominees have [blank] over time.

Become more common

The details about the size and internal organization of the Supreme Court were established by

Congress

The framers of the Constitution disagreed on whether the Supreme Court would have "revisionary power" over

Congress

When the Supreme Court strikes down a congressional or state law, it engages in

Constitutional interpretation

The Judiciary Act of 1789

Created a system of federal courts

The number of opinions issued by the Supreme Court has [blank] in the last twenty years

Decreased

Which president threatened to pack the Court with justices who would support his policies?

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Appellate jurisdiction refers to the Court's power to

Hear appeals from lower courts

When the public has a clear position on an issue before the Court, the Court tends to [blank] the public

Ignore

Which of the following statements regarding standards of proof is true?

In a criminal case, an individual must be shown to be guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt"; in a civil case, a "preponderance of evidence" is necessary to prove guilt

Who typically submits amicus curiae briefs, converting their opinions on a case to the Supreme Court

Interest Groups

It is easiest for the Supreme Court to encourage compliance with a decision that

Is highly visible and primarily affects only one party

What did the Court rule about how its original jurisdiction can be expanded?

It can only be expanded by constitutional amendment

The [blank] approach to deciding the Supreme Court cases says that justices should attempt to defer to the elected branches of government and not contradict their actions.

Judicial restraint

In its history, the Court has struck down [blank] percent of Congressional acts

Less than 1

Which of the following court cases set the precedent for judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Fears about the courts' role as a protector of minority rights are most likely under which judicial selection system?

Nonpartisan elections

If a plaintiff and defendant settle a case before it goes to trial or a verdict is reached, it is called a

Plea bargain

When the Senate refuses to confirm a Supreme Court nominee, it is typically because of his or her [blank], not his or her [blank]

Political ideology; qualifications

Common law means that legal decisions are based on

Previous court rulings

State-level judges selected by the Missouri Plan are

Selected by the governor from a list compiled by a committee

The term "standing" refers to

The legitimate justification for brining a civil case to court

Which of the following is the least typical criterion that the Supreme Court uses to decide which cases to hear?

Urgency

Which of the following is the most common path that a case takes to get to the Supreme Court?

Writ of certiorari