GOVT 2305 Quiz: Chapter 14
Which of the following statements about trust and the press is accurate
People say that the news sources they use, as opposed to the news in general, are more likely than not to get things right
The Watergate scandal broke and Richard Nixon was forced to resign largely due to which of the following
The Senate investigation spurred by the "leaks" of "Deep Throat," later revealed to be the FBI bureaucrat Mark Felt
How has the importance of making profits affected the news media
News outlets do everything they can to attract and keep an audience
By the end of the 1960s, households with televisions outnumbered those with
indoor plumbing
The rivalry between Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst led to
innovations in publishing that created the modern mass circulation newspaper
The medium of Internet communication
is conducive to the flourishing of a prisoner's dilemma between reporters and government officials
Shortly after his inauguration, when Franklin Roosevelt went on air nationwide to announce a brief "bank holiday" or bank closing
it marked the first of over thirty "fireside chats."
Sensationalization involves
making sure that the audience gets what it wants so it will tune in and come back
The two technological innovations of the adaptation of steam power to printing and the development of faster and more reliable cylinder presses meant that publishers could sell their papers more cheaply
so publishers could increase their reading audience, and thus break away from party sponsorship
How have the courts played a vital role in protecting the media under the First Amendment
By limiting government efforts to exercise prior restraint and limiting the press's exposure to libel and slander laws
Formidable publishing barons such as Hearst and Pulitzer disappeared after which of the following occurrences
Commercial radio took away their monopoly on the news
What did the Spanish-American War in 1898 reveal about American newspapers
It was the most vivid demonstration of the medium's willingness to use its power
How was the union of press and party politics fully realized during Andrew Jackson's administration
Many of his closest advisers were seasoned journalists, and he appointed numerous editors to patronage positions, such as postmasters or customs agents
Today, approximately what percentage television households subscribe to cable or to satellite services
90
Which of the following criteria is not typically employed when the media decide whether or not to include a story in the newspaper or broadcast
Foreign or domestic policy
What have presidents found that generates positive news coverage
Foreign travel and visits to disaster sites
The news media
are the organizations that gather, package, and transmit the news through some proprietary technology
Walter Lippman's view of the press was
providing the information a good citizen needed to know to function in a democracy
Who were the real principals of newspaper publishers
The politicians who recruited and financed them
What role does the press play in helping citizens monitor their elected leaders
The press ferrets out incompetence and malfeasance when challengers fail to perform due diligence
What played an important role contributing to the growth of television
The rapid development of a broadcast infrastructure
What have technological changes done to the "fairness doctrine"
The rapid spread of broadband Internet as an alternative, wide-open source of political expression has made the fairness doctrine moot
What was the main source of high unit costs for delivering the news in colonial times
The time-consuming, labor-intensive printing process
During the early days of the republic, newspapers
advocated party platforms, promoted candidates, and attacked the political opposition
The franking privilege
allows members of Congress free access to the postal system for official correspondence
During colonial times, it was quite common for
commentaries or reporting that first appeared in a weekly paper to be republished in pamphlet form for wider circulation
Joseph McCarthy always appeared before television cameras with loose sheets of paper, which he could wave at the camera and claim contained the names of known
communists in the State Department
The role of blogs in today's mass media environment is
continuing to influence politics and journalism in important ways and providing entrepreneurs and media outlets with space to develop digital-only content
The Federal Communication Commission's "fairness doctrine" required that stations
devote a share of their programming to public affairs programming in a balanced and equitable manner
To characterize the news media businesses
does not discredit their integrity as suppliers of vital civic information
When politicians participate in news making, they usually have one or both of two audiences in mind-the public and
fellow politicians
Within a few decades of ratification of the First Amendment, the notion that the free press would guard the citizenry's liberties against the designs of ambitious politicians
had been replaced by the press as dedicated partisan boosters
"Pack journalism" refers to
journalists following the same story in the same ways because they talk to one another while reporting and read each other's copy for validation of their own reporting
All of the innovations in mass communication technology have
made the news more widely available to consumers
Each technological change in mass communication has
made the news more widely available to consumers
One study in 2004 of talk radio programs found
national and state conservative talk programs totaled forty thousand broadcast hours each week compared with three thousand for liberal programs
In the presidential election of 1872, both Horace Greeley, the Democratic presidential candidate, and Henry Wilson, running mate for incumbent Republican president Ulysses S. Grant, were
newspaper publishers
The transformation of newspapers into instruments of mass communication meant that
politicians frequently found themselves bowing to powerful editors and publishers
In March 2011, Senator Rand Paul responded to President Barack Obama's nationally televised address on military action in Libya by
posting his own video on YouTube
The lessons of the Sago mine disaster for the mass media are that
reporters may be tempted to rely on one another's judgments about what is happening as informational shortcuts
Modern newspapers are financially in decline because of
the loss of ad revenue caused by the Internet
In the mid-1770s, the era's most significant medium of political communication was
the pamphlet
"Yellow journalism" was a term first used at the end of the nineteenth century that referred to
the use of outrageous and inflammatory headlines as well as sensational stories to attract readers to newspapers, so called because of the color of ink used in the New York World's comic strips
Once newspaper publishers and editors freed themselves from party control
they discovered that they were able to influence public opinion and, in turn, national politics
The period between 1883 and 1925 was in many ways the golden age of newspapers, in part because
they essentially held a monopoly over mass communication and were the only outlet for national political news
The proliferation of alternative media gives viewers the opportunity
to opt out of consuming political information all together
During the 1920s, when hundreds of radio stations overcrowded desirable spots on the radio dial, the FCC was created in part to solve this classic
tragedy of the commons
The costs of transmitting a news product to each consumer is known as
unit costs
Innovation in mass communication has resulted in
a dramatic expansion of news as a consumer product
What does the example of the Pentagon Papers illustrates about the doctrine of prior restraint
Exercising prior restraint requires the government to demonstrate that the publication of documents would damage national security
What allowed the penny press to thrive in the nineteenth century
Expanding the news to include human interest stories and coverage of crime, business, and social events
What is the consequence of sensationalization, speed, and the growth of infotainment
It has hurt the believability, objectivity, and accuracy of news outlets according to survey data
By the 1960s, what was the chief source of news for many Americans
Nightly evening network news
What is the term for when the news media affects the criteria with which we evaluate candidates or elected leaders
Priming
How did the spread of television in its first decade compare with the spread of radio during its first decade
Radios spread into 40 percent of all households, while televisions spread to almost 90 percent of all households
What has been the influence of mobile platforms on news consumption
The experiences of most Americans are widening and deepening, but they are remaining loyal to their trusted brands for news
When politicians strategically give important information to the news media on the condition that its source not be identified by name, this is referred to as
a leak
The relationship between politicians and reporters can best be described as
built on a tension between reciprocity and competition
The role of infotainment in the current media environment
can prove highly informative for people who are not that interested in public affairs or current events