Grade 12 Biology; Photosynthesis

;Photosynthesis Equation

6H20 + 6CO2 + Sunlight ----> C6H1206 + 602 6 Water + 6 carbon dioxide +sunlight ----> glucose + oxygen

Carotenoids

Absorb blue and green light, reflect yellow, orange, red

Light dependent reactions

Absorb photons of light reactants: H2O, light, NADP+, ADP Products: O2, ATP, NADPH water is split to release electrons and oxygen, electrons move along the ETC to make NADPH and ATP. Oxygen is released to the environment

Chlorophylls

Absorb red and light, reflect green light

Calvin Cycle

reactants: ATP, NADPH, CO2 products: glucose use the energy in ATP/NADH to convert CO2 into glucose

stomata function

CO2 and H20 to enter 02 to exit

Calvin Cycle Diagram

For 1 glucose molecule this cycle has to happen twice uses a total of: 6 CO2 18 ATP 12 NADH

Spongy Mesophyll

Photosynthesis also happens here, but it is also designed for gas exchange

What happens when a photon of light hits a photosystem

Stage 1: sunlight strikes the antenna molecules, the antenna molecules absorb the light energy and pass it around until it reaches the reaction Stage 2: reaction center absorbs the energy and becomes excited Stage 3: electrons are passed from the reaction center to the primary electron acceptor

Palisade Mesophyll

Where photosynthesis occurs

Pigments

compounds that absorb certain wavelengths of light

Phloem (veins)

transports sugar, proteins and other organic molecules delivers sugar to root or grain

Xylem

transports water and other water-soluble nutrients delivers water from soil