Grade 7 Science The Skeletal System
What are two ways to help ensure *healthy bones*?
1. *Diet* - balance diet including calcium and phosphorus 2. *Exercise* - weight-bearing activities (running, skating, or dancing) help your bones grow stronger and denser
*5 Functions* of the *Skeletal System*
1. *Provides shape and support* 2. *Enables to move* 3. *Protects organs* 4. *Produces blood cells* 5. *Stores minerals and other materials*
Parts of Bone
1. Spongy bone 2. Compact bone 3. Bone marrow 4. Outer membrane 5. Cartliage
What are *4 types of movable joints*?
*1. Hinge Joint* (ex: knee and elbow) *2. Ball-and-Socket Joint* (ex: arm and hips) *3. Pivot Joint* (ex: neck) *4. Gliding Joint* (ex: wrist and ankle)
*Ligament*
*Strong band of tissue that connective that e*bones together* in *movable joints*
*Osteoporosis*
A condition in which the *body's bones become weak* and *break easily*
*Cartliage*
A connective tissue that in more *flexible* than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together
*Joint*
A place in the body where *two bones come together*
*Hinge* Joint
Allows *forward or backward* motion Ex) Knee & *elbow* - bend and straighten your leg
*Pivot* Joint
Allows one bone to *rotate* around another Ex) *neck* - turn head from side to side
*Gliding* Joint
Allows one bone to *slide over* another Ex) wrist & *ankle* - bend and flex as well as make limited side-to-side motions
*Ball and Socket* Joint
Allows the *greatest range* of motion Ex)arm & *hip* - swing freely in a circle
*Compact Bone*
Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone - the *canals* (runs through the compact bone) *carry blood vessels* and *nerves* from the bone's surface to the living cells within the bone
About how many bones does a human have in the skeleton (or skeletal system)?
Newborn (275 bones) Adult (206 bones)
Vertebrae
The 26 small bones that make up the backbone
*Skeleton*
The inner *framework* made up of *all the bones of the body* Ex) Newborn (275 bones); Adult (206 bones)
*Marrow*
The soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in bone - *produces* blood cells and *stores fat* Two types of marrow: red and yellow
*Spongy Bone*
The type of bone tissue that has many open spaces and contains narrow.Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone - *lightweight* but *strong*
Skeletal system
collection of organ whose primary function is to support and protect the body.The organs in this system include bones ligaments and tendons.
