GY101 EXAM 1
In both the United States and Canada, the agriculture industry employs no more than _____ percent of the population today. A) 1-2 B) 10 C) 25 D) 50
A) 1-2
Which of the following does NOT impact a place's vulnerability to climate change? A) size B) resilience C) sensitivity D) exposure
A) size
The predominant religion of North America is: A) Judaism B) Christianity C) Hinduism D) Islam
B) Christianity
Which mountain range dominants western North America? A) White Mountains B) Rocky Mountains C) Central Andes D) Appalachian Mountains
B) Rocky Mountains
Canada's form of government is a: A) monarchy B) republic C) democracy D) plutarchy
C) democracy
Which of the following is NOT a member on NAFTA? A) the United States B) Canada C) Mexico D) Brazil
D) Brazil
Which of the following premises best supports the theory of Physical Geography? A) Earth's surface is made up of large plates that float on molten rock. B) Large plates formed when meteors struck Earth 65 million years ago. C) Present-day plates resulted from the erosion of the super continent Pangaea. D) The land surface of Earth is rooted on large oceanic plates.
A) Earth's surface is made up of large plates that float on molten rock.
At the global level, which statement best explains the fact that around one-fifth of the world's human population subsists on insufficient and inadequate diets? A) Extra food is produced but often does not get to those who need it B) Rapid population growth has outstripped increases in world food production C) Environmental degradation has curtailed increases in world food production D) World food production is insufficient due to the inefficiencies of socialsim
A) Extra food is produced but often does not get to those who need it
Which term does the text use to refer to all Spanish-speaking people from Middle and South America? A) Latino B) Hispanic C) South American D) Hispaniola
A) Latino
A climate that is dry and warm in summer, cool and moist in winter is: A) Mediterranean B) Tyrrhenian C) American D) Pacific
A) Mediterranean
What typically happened to profits generated by ranches and plantations in the early extraction phase of Middle and South America's history? A) They flowed out of the country to foreign owners B) They were depleted by annual recurrences of various types of natural disasters C) They accumulated in local banks to allow governments to avoid imposing taxes D) They were used to fund massive social programs, such as schools and public housing
A) They flowed out of the country to foreign owners
Developing nations are usually characterized by _____ economics, while developed nations are usually characterized by the presence of _____ industries. A) agricultural; service B) industrial; service C) service; agricultural D) industrial; knowledge-based
A) agricultural; service
In addition to irrigation, farmers on the Great Plains have turned to using fossil water from the Ogallala, the largest of what type of feature in the region? A) aquifer B) river C) crater lake D) qanat
A) aquifer
Which of the following is NOT an environmental challenge facing North America? A) climate stabilization B) depletion and pollution of water resources C) habitat loss D) hazardous waste
A) climate stabilization
A _____ takes place when the military takes control of a government by force. A) coup d'etat B) resistance movement C) guerra civil D) monarchic reversion
A) coup d'etat
The term used to describe everything people use to live on Earth that is not directly part of biological inheritance is: A) culture B) agriculture C) mores D) artifacts
A) culture
What terms refers to spatial inequity in the availability of information technology, such as the Internet? A) digital divide B) uneven wiring C) online/offline divide D) unfair routing
A) digital divide
Which of the following terms includes economic activity that does not pay taxes to the government? A) informal economy B) formal economy C) duty-free economy D) industrial economy
A) informal economy
The development of food production has undergone a series of changes, starting with hunting and gathering; moving through labor-intensive, small-scale agriculture; and moving on to _____ and organic farming in the present day. A) large-scale commercial agriculture B) family farms C) a stronger emphasis on meat and animal husbandry D) crop rotation
A) large-scale commercial agriculture
What is the name given to the set of values that set the standard for ideal manhood in Middle and South America? A) machismo B) paruismo C) maranhao D) marianismo
A) machismo
All of the following are possible results of global warming, EXCEPT: A) multinational corporations abruptly pulling out of developing nations B) the disappearance of animal and plant species C) more chaotic and severe weather D) human populations displaced from coastal areas and low-lying islands
A) multinational corporations abruptly pulling out of developing nations
Water is now the third most valuable commodity in the world, after: A) oil and electricity B) diamonds and gold C) corn and wheat D) exchange rates and crop yields
A) oil and electricity
Which of the following refers to the relationship between the distances shown on the map and the actual distances on Earth's surface? A) scale B) spatial analysis C) cartography D) regional geography
A) scale
The efforts to improve present living standards in ways that will not jeopardize future generations fall under the general heading of: A) sustainable development B) economic development C) world regional geographical D) human geography
A) sustainable development
Immigrants in North America are most likely to compete for jobs with: A) uneducated native citizens B) union members C) those who provide services D) teenagers
A) uneducated native citizens
Which of the following is true regarding the U.S. and Canadian economies? A) The United States is more dependent on Canada than vice versa. B) Canada is more dependent on the United States than vice versa C) Both trade more with Japan than each other D) Both trade more with Europe than each other
B) Canada is more dependent on the United States than vice versa
What term refers to people of mixed European, African, and indigenous descent in Middle and South America? A) Creoles B) Mestizos C) Hispanics D) Mulattos
B) Mestizos
What was a major consequence of the structural adjustment-type bailout program in Middle and South America? A) The number of people living in poverty declined B) Public spending on public health, education, and infrastructure was reduced C) Large U.S. investment houses suffered huge losses that were not recovered D) High-tech industries began to flourish in the region
B) Public spending on public health, education, and infrastructure was reduced
Suppose that a country's population pyramid is truly pyramid shaped, with a wide band at the bottom and a much narrower band at the top. What is the best description of the population of this country? A) There are many more women than men in the country B) There are many more very young people than very old people in the country C) The country's total fertility rate is probably about 1.5 D) The country is experiencing a low rate of migration
B) There are many more very young people than very old people in the country
_____ refers to short-term changes in temperature and other factors, while _____ is a long-term balance of temperature and precipitation. A) Climate; weather B) Weather; climate C)Meteorology; weather D) Global warming; climate change
B) Weather; climate
Food security can be diminished by all of the following EXCEPT: A) natural disasters B) biotechnology and food engineering C) economic disruptions D) overproduction in rich countries
B) biotechnology and food engineering
The logging method by which all trees on a given plot of land are cut down, regardless of age, health, or species, is: A) defoliation B) clear-cutting C) paper harvesting D) logging rotation
B) clear-cutting
The globe is divided into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at the: A) international date line B) equator C) Tropic of Caner D) Tropic of Capricorn
B) equator
What is the name of the fastest-growing religious movement in Middle and South America? A) liberation theology B) evangelical Protestantism C) Roman Catholicism D) Baptist Reformism
B) evangelical Protestantism
The most common family structure in Middle/South America is the: A) nuclear family B) extended family C) kibbutz D) single-parent household
B) extended family
The observed higher temperatures of Earth's surface and climates in recent decades usually goes by the name of: A) climate change B) global warming C) greenhouse gases D) ecological footprint
B) global warming
What action did the Spanish colonial government take in response to the widespread death of Native Americans due to disease, malnutrition, and inhumane treatment? A) enacted major social reforms that greatly altered the colonial system B) imported slaves from Africa to take the place of the dead C) left their colonies in Middle and South America to found new ones in the Pacific D) eliminated colonial policies that were causing these deaths
B) imported slaves from Africa to take the place of the dead
The term used to describe a married mother and father and their children is: A) extended family B) nuclear family C) North American family D) Christian family
B) nuclear family
What percentage of the world's population does NOT have access to clean water? A) one-eight B) one-sixth C) one-fourth D) one-third
B) one-sixth
Geography as a discipline links the _______ with the ____________. A) city; state B) physical sciences; social sciences C) study of biology; study of sociology D) people; government
B) physical sciences; social sciences
The expansion of railroads across North America in the nineteenth century facilitated the transfer of _____ from the West and _____ from the East. A) manufactured products; lumber B) raw materials; manufactured goods C) animals D) water; fertilizers
B) raw materials; manufactured goods
The passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has had which of the following effects? A) considerable decline in trade between the United States and Canada B) reduction and removal of tariffs between Mexico, the United States, and Canada C) rising corruption in Canada due to United States and Mexican firms who have relocated there D) sharp decline in the flow of Mexican migrants into North America
B) reduction and removal of tariffs between Mexico, the United States, and Canada
Which of the following describes the principal migration trend in Middle and South America? A) north-to-south movements B) rural-to-urban movements C) island-to-mainland movements D) coastal-to-interior movements
B) rural-to-urban movements
According to the text, which of the following represents an asymmetry between the United States and Canada? A) ethnic diversity B) size of economy C) size of territory D) political traditions
B) size of economy
The Canadian health care system covers: A) native-born Canadians only B) the entire population C) residents of only the provinces that border the United States D) those employed and those unemployed for no more than 12 months
B) the entire population
The economic core of North America is located in: A) New England B) the mid-Atlantic states C) the Great Plains D) the Southwest
B) the mid-Atlantic states
Which of the following best describes the meaning of the term gentrification? A) the process by which dense nodes form B) the process by which affluent people invest in rundown urban areas, displacing the poor from the neighborhood C) the process by which several cities spiral into each other D) the process by which farmland is converted into housing developments
B) the process by which affluent people invest in rundown urban areas, displacing the poor from the neighborhood
All of the following are characteristics of shantytowns, EXCEPT: A) they are built from any available materials B) they are found at the core of a city C) they usually lack utilities D) educational opportunities are few
B) they are found at the core of a city
A country runs a _____ when it imports more than it exports. A) trade surplus B) trade deficit C) supply economy D) free-trade agreement
B) trade deficit
What percentage of Earth's population now lives in cities? A) 10 percent B) 25 percent C) 50 percent D) 65 percent
C) 50 percent
Which of the following religions is dominant in Middle and South America? A) Anglicanism B) Protestantism C) Roman Catholicism D) Mormonism
C) Roman Catholicism
_____ is a combination of industrial emissions, car exhaust, and water vapor that frequently hovers as a yellow-brown haze over many North American cities. A) Fracking B) Acid rain C) Smog D) Mineralization
C) Smog
Which of the following statements about single-parent households in North America is NOT true? A) In 2006, 29 percent of America children lived in single-parent households B) The large majority of single parents are women C) There is no connection between household structure and child poverty D) The responsibilities of single parenthood can be overwhelming, even for the most dedicated parent
C) There is no connection between household structure and child poverty
The largest concentration of Canadians is located in what part of Canada? A) Atlantic provinces B) Pacific Coast C) U.S. border of southeastern Canada D) Canadian plains
C) U.S. border of southeastern Canada
The result of pollutants dissolving in falling precipitation, _____ can kill trees, fish, and wildlife. A) thermal inversions B) smog C) acid rain D) the introduction of a nonnative species into an area
C) acid rain
Which of the following terms refers to the making of maps? A) scale B) spatial analysis C) cartography D) regional geography
C) cartography
The rising levels of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere are attributed to which of the following? A) subsistence agriculture practices B) increasing rate of sea water evaporation C) large-scale burning of fossil fuels D) global reforestation efforts
C) large-scale burning of fossil fuels
A disadvantage of using GDP per capita as a measure of economic development is the fact that GDP per capita: A) reflects the wages of men only B) does not take into account the number of children in a country C) may hide intense disparities in income D) is not commonly reported for about half the world's nations
C) may hide intense disparities in income
Which of the following terms refers to the unit of Earth's surface that contains distinct patterns of physical features or of human activities? A) place B) space C) region D) scale
C) region
The monies sent home by migrants to help support their families are called: A) transfer payments B) international exchange payments C) remittances D) protection monies
C) remittances
What is lowland South America's largest physical feature? A) the pampas B) the llanos C) the Amazon Basin D) Patagonia
C) the Amazon Basin
Which of the following is NOT an example of a geographic inquiry? A) How did a group of people come to occupy a particular place? B) How have people modified the physical aspects of a place to suit their needs? C) How have people contributed to a particular environmental problem? D) All of the above are examples of geographical inquiry.
D) All of the above are examples of geographical inquiry.
Which of the following is NOT a key difference between North America and Middle and South America? A) Middle and South America are larger than North America B) Middle and South America have a more varied environment than North America C) Middle and South America have a larger indigenous population than North America D) Middle and South America have a less varied level of human well-being than North America
D) Middle and South America have a less varied level of human well-being than North America
An unintended effect of a society's preference for boys over girls can be: A) fewer artists in the society B) a loss of family traditions C) a weakened educational system D) a shortage of marriageable women
D) a shortage of marriageable women
Which of the following is NOT an extractive resource? A) mineral ores B) timber C) plants D) automobiles
D) automobiles
Which of the following is NOT a problem for democracy in Middle and South America? A) political corruption B) the drug trade C) foreign involvement in politics D) expansion of Internet access
D) expansion of Internet access
The term _____ refers to the unrestricted international exchange of goods, services, and capital. A) gross domestic product B) food security C) globalization D) free trade
D) free trade
All of the following are contribution to deforestation in Middle/South America EXCEPT for the: A) clearing of land to raise cattle and cash crops B) logging of hardwoods C) extraction of minerals and oil D) increased volcanic activity in the region
D) increased volcanic activity in the region
Which of the following impact the climate variability found in North America? A) population growth in South America B) outsourcing of production operations C) tectonic plate activity D) landforms on the continent that influence the movement of air masses
D) landforms on the continent that influence the movement of air masses
Water scarcity is the result of all of the following EXCEPT: A) population growth B) increased per capita demand for water due to modernization C) inequitable allocation of water D) sustainable farming initiatives
D) sustainable farming initiatives
Which of the following best describes racism? A) the scientific study of skin color and its effect on abilities B) a proselytizing religious tradition from South America C) the belief that all humans are the same despite visual variations in skin tone and face shape D) the belief that visually apparent genetic factors such as skin color are a primary determinant of cultural traits and abilities
D) the belief that visually apparent genetic factors such as skin color are a primary determinant of cultural traits and abilities
As climate is defined in the textbook, which of the following reflects a climatic change? A) the rise of the sun each morning B) the formation of a warm front C) the movement of a hurricane D) the melting of glaciers during the Ice Age
D) the melting of glaciers during the Ice Age
Which temperature-altitude zone is the highest? A) tierra caliente B) tierra templada C) tierra fria D) tierra helada
D) tierra helada