Health Exam 1 Ch 4
Your friend Maura wants to try to meet someone using an online dating site. List at least three guidelines you would give her to best protect herself and make it a good experience
1. Be honest in posting profile information about your qualities and interests. 2. If you plan to meet an online friend in person, make safety the first priority. 3. Plan a brief first meeting during daylight hours. 4. Meet in a public place, such as a restaurant or coffee shop. 5. Do not meet with anyone who wants to keep the time and location a secret. 6. Before you go, tell a friend or family member who you will be meeting, where, and when.
John and his best friend have an intimate relationship. List and briefly explain the four characteristics that define their relationship.
1. Behavioral interdependence - their lives are intertwined. 2. Need fulfillment - the relationship fulfills certain psychological needs. 3. Emotional attachment - they care about each other. 4. Emotional availability - they can be open emotionally without fear of hurt or rejection.
Domestic violence can happen to anyone, regardless of social or economic status. Recognizing a potential abuser early in a relationship can prevent a dangerous situation. List five warning signs that a romantic partner is a potential abuser
1. Gets extremely angry and swears at you or others. 2. Regularly makes fun of you or puts you down. 3. Takes too much control. 4. Displays excessive jealousy. 5. Tries to shut out people you want to see, and wants to spend increasing amounts of time alone with you. 6. Expresses continual negativity, and may sulk, get angry frequently, or throw tantrums. 7. Pushes you verbally or physically to have unwanted sex. 8. Damages your property in fits of anger. 9. Verbally or physically threatens you. 10. Verbally or physically harms children or animals. 11. Is often in trouble or fighting with someone.
Juan and Carla recently married. Carla finds her in-laws to be invasive and thinks they intrude on the couple's private time. They believe that she is selfish and cold. She and Juan want to address these issues with Juan's parents to avoid further dissention and bad feelings. Describe a six-step conflict resolution strategy they can use to resolve this situation
1. Identify and clarify the real issue(s).. 2. Generate several possible solutions. 3. Evaluate the various solutions. 4. Decide on the best solution. 5. Carry out the solution. 6. Follow up to check in with each other to determine if the solution is working. Revise the plan, if necessary.
Despite the fact that Kim's partner has been faithful, she becomes jealous with little provocation. Describe four factors that may contribute to her tendency to jealousy
1. Overdependence on the relationship to fulfill her social and intimacy needs 2. High value on sexual exclusivity as a crucial indicator of love 3. Low self-esteem 4. Fear of losing control
Healthy relationships share certain characteristics, of which trust is one of the most important. Name and briefly describe the three fundamental elements upon which trust is based.
1. Predictability - the ability to predict behavior based on a person's past actions. 2. Dependability -- the ability to rely on a person to be supportive, available, and caring in times of need. 3. Faith - the belief that the person's intentions and behavior are positive.
What are four strategies for coping with a failed relationship?
1. Recognize and acknowledge your feelings. 2. Find healthful ways to express your emotions, rather than turning them inward. 3. Spend time with current friends or reconnect with old friends. 4. Don't rush into a "rebound" relationship. Give yourself time to heal.
List at least four habits that will help you become a better listener.
1. Turn off the TV and put the phone away during a conversation. 2. Acknowledge that you are listening using nonverbal cues. 3. Ask questions at appropriate times. 4. Show empathy and sympathy as appropriate. 5. Ask for clarification if you aren't sure you understand. 6. Control the urge to interrupt. 7. Avoid snap judgments based on appearances or a few statements. 8. Resist the urge to always be right or to "set someone straight." 9. Focus on the speaker.
April's boyfriend is someone with whom she can share her feelings freely. He meets April's need for A) intimacy. B) reassurance. C) assistance. D) affirmation.
A
Frank chooses to spend time with his girlfriend even though he is going to miss an important review for his chemistry final. Which quality of a love relationship does this characterize? A) Fascination B) Exclusiveness C) Advocacy D) Giving
A
Healthy love relationships and friendships both require A) trust and respect. B) similar intelligence levels. C) shared interests. D) advanced communication skills .
A
In reference to listening styles, reflection involves A) repeating what we think we've heard to confirm understanding. B) identifying areas of agreement when two speakers are in conflict. C) aggressively promoting our point of view. D) showing an outright disinterest in what the speaker is saying.
A
Inez reminds Leo often that he is a great person and that he matters a lot to her. Which relationship need is Inez fulfilling? A) Affirmation B) Social integration C) Nurturance D) Assistance
A
Jay is getting frustrated by his wife's nagging him about a chore he forgot to do. Before he loses his temper he decides that they should stop the interaction and cool down. This is an example of A) a good conflict resolution strategy. B) behavior that encourages avoiding the issue. C) escalating the conflict. D) his fear of confrontations and conflict.
A
The ability to give to and receive from others emotionally, without fear of being hurt or rejected is referred to as A) emotional availability. B) emotional attachment. C) emotional dependence. D) emotional stability.
A
The key to resolving conflict in a relationship is A) having open and honest communication with your partner. B) expressing your concerns to a friend to obtain an objective opinion. C) ignoring minor differences and conflict to keep the peace. D) asking your partner to change his or her behavior to meet your needs.
A
What role does oxytocin play in Fisher's theory of love? A) It stimulates feelings of satisfaction and attachment. B) It raises endorphin levels. C) It stimulates feelings of jealousy. D) It raises phenylethylamine (PEA) levels.
A
When Linda tries to talk to her boyfriend, he is reluctant to express his feelings and she doesn't understand why. She is often frustrated by what seems like his lack of interest in true communication. This is most likely explained by A) gender differences in communication. B) her boyfriend's fear of intimacy. C) her boyfriend's inability to be honest. D) the fact that he is cheating on her.
A
When Ted talks with his classmates, he often points out the weaknesses in their logic. Which mode of listening is he using? A) Competitive B) Reflective C) Active D) Passive
A
Which communication style works best for resolving conflicts? A) Using "I" statements instead of blaming "you" messages. B) Expressing anger with strong words and gestures. C) Using "you" statements to show empathy and understanding. D) Planning out ahead of time exactly what you will say.
A
Your friend Joey describes the fight he had with his girlfriend and you respond, "It sounds to me like you're angry with her for never being ready on time." Your response is an example of A) paraphrasing. B) self-disclosure. C) combative listening. D) overanalysis.
A
A man loses his wife of 30 years. He feels empty and misses her presence in his daily life. The component of intimacy that he has lost is A) need fulfillment. B) behavioral interdependence. C) emotional attachment. D) emotional availability.
B
A slouched posture or leaning forward toward the speaker are examples of A) expressive gestures. B) body language. C) offensive gestures. D) poor physical control.
B
Brian is 13 and lives with his mother, stepfather, half-brother, and stepsister. He is part of a A) nuclear family. B) blended family. C) family of origin. D) extended family.
B
Common-law marriage refers to A) a wedding ceremony performed by a civil official such as a justice of the peace. B) cohabitation for a designated period that is legally binding in some states. C) cohabitation for three years or less. D) marriage involving same-sex partners.
B
During Janine's early childhood, the other people in her household were her mother and maternal grandparents. This represents her A) extended family. B) family of origin. C) communal living arrangement. D) blended family.
B
Jerome and Deborah's relationship has been monogamous. This means that they A) have extramarital sex as part of an open relationship. B) only have sex with each other. C) have sex with others but hide the fact. D) have unlimited sexual partners.
B
Kayla and Emily are best friends. They know they can depend on each other to listen to their worries and problems. Which relationship need is being met by their friendship? A) Attachment B) Social integration C) Nurturance D) Assistance
B
Many men tend to use which type of body language when they communicate? A) Leaning forward when listening B) Making forceful gestures C) Gesturing toward the body D) Fidgeting or foot tapping
B
Phoebe and Dwight are close friends who share their worries and concerns. Which characteristic of intimate relationships does this reflect? A) Behavioral independence B) Need fulfillment C) Emotional attachment D) Emotional availability
B
Two key components to resolving conflict within relationships are A) avoidance and discretion. B) negotiation and compromise. C) self-disclosure and debate. D) discussion and mediation.
B
What is one of the most important components of a satisfying and stable relationship? A) Joint accomplishments B) Effective communication C) Adequate income D) Physical attractiveness
B
When Adam is alone with his girlfriend, his heart races and he feels sexually aroused. This type of love is A) companionate love. B) passionate love. C) intimate love. D) committed love.
B
Which of the following are possible underlying causes of jealousy? A) Intense devotion B) Insecurity or possessiveness C) High self-esteem D) Mental illness
B
Which of the following characterizes passionate love? A) Open communication B) Attraction and desire C) Extreme possessiveness D) A sense of mutual support
B
Which two psychological factors influence your ability to establish and maintain healthy relationships? A) Self-control and self-concept B) Self-concept and self-esteem C) Self-efficacy and self-esteem D) Self-motivation and self-control
B
Before they become sexually involved, Bill is planning to tell his new girlfriend that he contracted an STI in a previous relationship. What are the risks and benefits of his self-disclosure?
By being open with his girlfriend about his condition, he risks rejection, judgment, or alienation. However, if he does not tell her, the two of them will not be able to achieve intimacy. Furthermore, if she later learns that Bill was not honest with her, she may feel betrayed.
A professor may share information about his experiences as an undergraduate with his students. If done in a positive way, this type of self-disclosure may A) make him seem more important in students' eyes. B) reveal secrets that no longer matter since the people involved live far away. C) help students deal with current issues in their lives. D) use the students as sounding boards for the professor's problems.
C
After four years, Cole feels as if the excitement and passion is gone from his marriage. According to Fisher's theory of love, this feeling is due to A) basic incompatibility. B) a decrease in adrenaline levels. C) a decrease in phenylethylamine (PEA) levels. D) mutual distrust.
C
Ali has had three exclusive relationships in her romantic life. Each relationship lasted two to three years. This is considered A) monogamy. B) celibacy. C) serial monogamy. D) open relationships. Answer: C
C
An important aspect of effective communication is A) not expressing feelings. B) pretending to listen. C) understanding nonverbal communication. D) smiling even if you don't feel happy.
C
Breakdowns in relationships usually begin with changes in
C
Cynthia has decided to "settle down" and marry Patrick. Which component of Sternberg's theory of love does her decision demonstrate? A) Intimacy B) Passion C) Commitment D) Consummation
C
In addition to the same issues faced by heterosexual couples, lesbian and gay relationships are often challenged by A) lack of intimacy. B) poor communication skills. C) discrimination and legal difficulties. D) financial and career difficulties.
C
In our early years, our most significant relationships are those with A) friends. B) caregivers. C) family. D) teachers.
C
Roberto listens to his friends with genuine interest but rarely asks for clarification or verifies what his friends are saying. What is his listening style? A) Reflective B) Competitive C) Passive D) Active
C
The characteristic of intimate relationships that causes feelings of love is A) infatuation. B) behavioral interdependence. C) emotional attachment. D) emotional availability.
C
When Steven has a disagreement with his roommate, he frequently interrupts and angrily stabs his finger at his chest. Steven's gestures suggest that he is A) effectively resolving the conflict by being emphatic. B) intimidated by his roommate. C) not being respectful of his roommate's thoughts or feelings. D) listening using an active, or reflective, style.
C
Which listening mode involves restating or paraphrasing what the speaker has said? A) Competitive B) Passive C) Reflective D) Attentive
C
Which of the following is an effective strategy for conflict resolution? A) Discussing several grievances at the same time. B) Expressing anger without censoring reactions. C) Evaluating alternative solutions. D) Focusing on winning the argument.
C
Which of the following is true about nonverbal communication? A) It includes only intentional messages. B) It is less important than verbal communication. C) If verbal and nonverbal communication don't match, the listener is more likely to believe the nonverbal cues. D) Sixty percent of the meaning of a message can be interpreted from nonverbal cues.
C
A person you recently met in one of your classes tells you that she was adopted shortly after her birth. This is an example of A) inappropriate communication. B) self-esteem. C) reciprocity. D) self-disclosure.
D
According to Fisher's theory of love, "imprinting" involves A) chemical changes in brain function during arousal. B) feeling peaceful due to oxytocin release. C) the degree of commitment in a relationship. D) a past experience that triggers a romantic reaction.
D
According to Sternberg's theory of love, which of the following defines consummate love? A) Combination of history, commitment, and common interests B) Combination of intimacy, friendship, and assistance C) Combination of desire, fascination, and passion D) Combination of intimacy, passion, and commitment
D
Intimate relationships cannot exist without A) similar communication styles. B) closely aligned interests. C) emotional perspective. D) emotional availability.
D
The objective of being a good listener is to enhance relationships by A) learning information that may be useful in the future. B) rehearsing mentally what you will say next. C) not becoming bored while listening to others talk. D) understanding what others are thinking and feeling
D
The release of which substance results in a sense of calm, peacefulness, and security while with a lover? A) Adrenaline B) Oxytocin C) Pheromones D) Endorphins
D
Trust in relationships is created based on A) predictability, passion, and commitment. B) dependability, sharing, and communication. C) optimism, faith, and support. D) predictability, dependability, and faith.
D
Which of the following is an effective strategy for conflict resolution? A) Discussing several grievances at the same time. B) Suppressing anger and not speaking. C) Dismissing solutions proposed by the other person. D) Identifying and clarifying the exact nature of the problem.
D
A person's level of self-esteem has nothing to do with their potential success in relationships.
F
A relationship can be referred to as intimate only if sex is involved
F
Accountability requires that you defend your decisions to others
F
Acknowledging others' opinions does not play a role in successfully managing conflict.
F
As children, we initially learn about intimacy and love from our friends.
F
At the present time, no states grant same-sex couples full marriage equality.
F
Family has always been defined in terms of a nuclear family and continues to carry the same meaning today.
F
Finding a partner to whom you are sexually attracted guarantees a healthy relationship.
F
Finishing the other person's sentences is a good communication skill as it lets the speaker know you are listening.
F
Having a child will help save a failing relationship because it creates a unique bond.
F
Individuals with high self-esteem respect themselves and will abandon their beliefs and values to obtain the love and support of others
F
Jealousy in a relationship is a good thing because it lets your partner know that you truly care about him or her.
F
Jealousy will always undermine a relationship even if partners communicate openly about it.
F
Jose and Anna are married and plan to have children. Their offspring represent their family of origin.
F
Lauren is looking for a potential life partner. Her current boyfriend criticizes her frequently and has a bad temper. She should overlook these faults and consider him as a long-term partner.
F
More than half the pregnancies in the United States were not planned or intentional.
F
Nonverbal communication, such as body language and facial expressions, are not generally noticed much by others
F
One does not need satisfying relationships to achieve overall health.
F
Passion is the cognitive component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love.
F
Taking responsibility for one's personal decisions and actions is known as self-nurturance.
F
Three common parenting styles are authoritative, permissive, and passive.
F
Compare and contrast common facial expressions and speech patterns that differentiate the communication styles of men and women.
Men tend to: ∙ Frown more often and avoid eye contact. ∙ Speak in a lower-pitched, louder voice. ∙ Speak in approximately 3 tones. ∙ Speak in a manner than can seem abrupt. ∙ Make more direct statements. ∙ Interrupt more. Women tend to: ∙ Smile and nod more often and maintain eye contact. ∙ Speak in a higher-pitched, softer voice. ∙ Speak in approximately 5 tones. ∙ Sound more emotional. ∙ Make more tentative statements. ∙ Interrupt less often.
A healthy marriage contributes to lower stress levels for both partners.
T
An underlying reason that Pam becomes upset by her boyfriend's flirtatious behavior may be that she believes she is losing control over the relationship.
T
Attentive listening encourages future discussion.
T
Being an advocate for a partner means supporting his or her interests.
T
Both men and women are staying single longer than was the case in past generations.
T
Cohabitation is the state of two people in a romantic relationship living together without being married.
T
Communication differences between men and women are mainly based on how men and women interpret or process messages.
T
Conflict resolution is an effort to resolve differences peacefully and creatively.
T
Divorce has been shown to seriously harm a person's long-term financial health.
T
Friendships are usually the first relationships a person forms outside of the family.
T
Gay and lesbian partners seek the same things in their primary relationships as do heterosexual partners.
T
In a relationship, trust is the degree to which each partner feels he or she can rely on the integrity of the other
T
Intimacy is part of a relationship with someone with whom we can share our feelings freely.
T
Nonverbal communication such as touch, gestures, facial expressions, body language, or tone of voice can enhance and clarify verbal messages.
T
Romantic relationships can end for a variety of reasons; common ones include financial and career problems, differences in sexual needs, and unmet expectations.
T
The ability to give and receive from others emotionally without fear of hurt is known as emotional availability.
T
When Kendra ignores her responsibilities because she wants to hang out with Beau all the time, this is an example of fascination.
T
When two people disagree or one person behaves in a manner that interferes with another person's behavior, a conflict is the result.
T
Within relationships, power can be defined as the ability to make and implement decisions.
T
