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which of the structures shown represent fatty acids?

A D

match the structure of the monounsaturated fatty acid with the correct bonding arrangement

A-> cis isomer B-> trans isomer

consider the diagram shown below. match each fatty acid to its appropriate description

B-> saturated fatty acid A-> monounsaturated fatty acid C-> polyunsaturated fatty acid

which of the following options correctly describe the hydrogenation of C=C double bonds in the fatty acids?

One or more C=C double bonds are converted into C-C single bonds Hydrogenation occurs in the presence of a metallic catalyst

which of the following techniques result in processed foods?

adding preservatives freezing canning cooking adding thickener

match each type of fatty acids to the correct description

saturated fatty acid-> contains only single bonds between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain unsaturated fatty acids-> contains at least one C=C bond between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain

match the type of fatty acid given below with its appropriate description

saturated-> contains only single bonds between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain monounsaturated-> contains one C=C bond in the hydrocarbon chain polyunsaturated-> contains two or more C=C bonds in the hydrocarbon chain

which statements describe a fat?

they are mostly derived from animal sources they are solid at room temp

Triglycerides are formed in a chemical reaction between which two species?

three fatty acids glycerol

food labels in many countries must list the amount of _____ fats present in foods as these fats have been shown to increase the risk of heart disease

trans

the two fatty acids shown in the diagram are both _____ isomers

trans

which type of unsaturated fats are likely to pack well together and thus have a higher melting points?

trans fat

which of the following options correctly describe the cis and trans fatty acids?

trans fatty acids are similar in shape to saturated fatty acids and behave in a similar manner in the body trans fatty acids are solids at room temperature

which of the following options correctly describe the properties of cis and trans fatty acids?

trans fatty acids are similar in shape to saturated fatty acids and behave in a similar manner in the body trans fatty acids are solids at room temperature

trans fat are _____ that are made from the reaction of three trans fatty acids and a molecule of glycerol

triacylglycerols or lipids

glycerol reacts with three molecules of fatty acids to produce

triglycerides

molecules that are made from the reaction of three fatty acids and glycerol molecule always contain three ester functional groups. these molecules are known as _____

triglycerides

trans _____ are triglycerides that are composed of one or more trans fatty acids

fats

the compound shown here, named _____ is a component of all triglycerides

glycerol

these compound shown here, named _____, is a component of all triglycerodes

glycerol

fatty acids include a non-polar _____ chain and a polar _____ group

hydrocarbon; carboxylic acid

which of the following options correctly describe the hydrogenation of C=C double bonds in fatty acids?

hydrogenation occurs in the presence of a metallic catalyst one or more C=C double bonds are converted into C-C single bonds

hydrogenation of an oil _____ its degree of saturation and _____ its melting point

increases; raises

which of the following options correctly describe the relationship between the degree of unsaturation of an oil and its shelf life?

increasing the degree of saturation of an oil improves its shelf life C=C bonds are more susceptible to reaction with oxygen in the air than are C-C single bonds

which of the following options correctly describe the relationship between the degree of unsaturation of an oil and its shelf life?

increasing the degree of saturation of an oil improves its shelf life C=C bonds are most susceptible to reaction with oxygen in the air than the C-C single bonds

a process where two fatty acids on two or more triglycerides are scrambled to produce a set of new triglycerides is known as

interesterification

glycerol

is used in manufacturing soaps and lotions is an alcohol combines with fatty acids to produce triglycerides

which of the following foods are rich sources of linoleic and linolenic acids?

leafy vegetables plant oils fish

our bodies can synthesize almost all fatty acids from the foods we eat. the exceptions are _____ and _____ acids

linoleic; linolenic

our bodies can synthesize almost all fatty acids from the foods we eat. the exceptions are _____ and _____ acids.

linoleic; linolenic

triglycerides and related compounds such as cholesterol and other steroids are classified as

lipids

triglycerides and related compounds such as cholesterol and other steroids are classified as _____

lipids

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are all considered to be _____, because these substances supply both the energy and most of the raw material necessary for body repair and synthesis

macronutrients

carbohydrates, proteins and fats are all considered to be _____, because these substances supply both the energy and most of the raw material necessary for body repair and synthesis

macronutrients

which of the following options correctly describe macronutrients?

macronutrients supply all of the energy and most of the raw material for body repair and synthesis carbohydrates are comnutre

match each dietary term to the correct description

malnutrition-> caused by a diet lacking in proper nutrients undernourishment-> caused by the consumption of insufficient calories to meet metabolic needs

which of the following options correctly describe oils and fats?

many oils are of plant origin oils and fats have similar chemical structures most oils are liquids at room temperature

Lipids include _____

oils steroids triglycerides fats

monounsaturated fatty acids contain _____ double bond(s) in the hydrocarbon chain, whereas _____ fatty acids contain two or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain

one; polyunsaturated

trans fat are formed by _____ hydrogenation of natural oils

partial

the molecule shown in the diagram is a _____ fatty acid

polyunsaturated O> OH

triglycerides always contain three _____ functional group

ester

which of the structures shown represent fatty acids?

A & C

which of the following options correctly relate the melting points of fatty acids to their molecular structure?

Increasing the number of C atoms in the hydrocarbon chain raises the melting point Saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids containing the same number of C atoms in the hydrocarbon chain

which of the following options correctly describe the two important structural features of fatty acids?

a hydrocarbon chain that is typically made of 12-24 carbon atoms a carboxylic acid group at the end of the hydrocarbon chain

the molecule shown here is _____

a triglyceride

which of the following would be predicted to have the longest shelf life based on its structure?

capric acid

match each type of bonding arrangement with its correct description

cis isomer-> H atoms attached to the carbon atoms are on the same side of the C=C bond trans isomer-> H atoms attached to the carbon atoms are on opposite sides of the C=C bond

during the process of hydrogenation, some of the _____ double bonds in fat molecules are converted to the _____ configuration

cis; trans

why must labeling indicate the quantity of trans fat in a particular food?

eating trans fats has been found to increase the risk of heart diease

which substance listed would you have the highest melting point based on its structure?

stearic acid

which of the following options correctly describe saturated fatty acids?

the hydrocarbon chain contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms saturated fatty acids possess a CO2H group at the end of the hydrocarbon chain

which of the following options describe saturated fatty acids?

the hydrocarbon chain contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms saturated fatty acids possess a CO2H group at the end of the hydrocarbon chain

in most natural fatty acids the hydrogen atoms attached to the two carbons of the C=C double bond are on _____ side(s). this bonding agreement is called _____.

the same; cis

in most natural fatty acids the hydrogen atoms attached to the two carbons of the C=C double bond are on _____ side(s). this bonding arrangement is called _____

the same; cis

which of the following options correctly describe the structural make-up of triglycerides?

the three fatty acids that are used to make a triglyceride may all be different the 3 fatty acids that are you used to make a triglyceride may be saturated or unsaturated

which of the following options correctly describe the process of interesterification?

the use of an enzyme for interesterification may reduce the BOD of the aqueous waste streams produced when using other catalysts. interesterification may be carried out using a case as catalyst

which of the following is a green chemistry approach to the interesterification of fatty acids?

the use of enzymes