HIST 1301 Test 3
The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa
All of the above
The slave states outstripped the free states in
All of the above
When it came to the founding fathers, Southerners
All of the above
Which of the following was not a favorite method that slave owners used to maintain order?
All of the above
Who tended to resist the efforts of the temperance movement?
All of the above
What was the name of the vibrant community of freed Virginian slaves?
Israel Hill
William Lloyd Garrison published an abolitionist newspaper called
Liberator.
The American Colonization Society promoted the gradual abolition of slavery and the settlement of black Americans to
Liberia.
Divisions within the abolitionist movement were due in significant part to the concurrent women's rights movement because
some abolitionists feared that calling for equality or more rights for women would divide their efforts and impede their own movement against slavery.
Free blacks in the United States
sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves.
William Lloyd Garrison
suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery.
The proliferation of new institutions during the antebellum era demonstrated the
tension between liberation and control in the era's reform movements.
The dividing line between slavery and freedom was
the Mason-Dixon Line.
According to mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists such as Josiah Nott and George Gliddon,
there was a hierarchy of races, with blacks forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees.
Those involved in nineteenth-century reform movements
used moral suasion to try to persuade others to join their cause.
Alexis de Tocqueville noted that Americans tended to be organized through or by
voluntary associations.
Brook Farm
was founded by New England transcendentalists.
Like Indian removal, colonization rested on the premise that America
was fundamentally a white society.
The southern economy
was intricately tied into slavery.
Margaret Fuller
was part of the transcendentalist movement.
How did the abolitionist movement that started anew in the late 1820s and early 1830s differ from its predecessor?
The nineteenth-century movement drew on the religious fervor of the Second Great Awakening.
By the 1840s, what was most open to women?
The public sphere
Which statement describing the slave family is accurate?
The slave family allowed for the transmission of slave culture from one generation to the next.
The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had?
The threat of sale
If William Lloyd Garrison was antislavery's most notable propagandist, _____ helped to create its mass constituency.
Theodore Weld
Which of the following was not a characteristic of the Shakers?
They believed in "complex marriage," which allowed any man and woman to engage in sexual relations.
Which statement about Shakers is false?
They practiced "complex marriage" and recorded sexual relations in a public record book.
How did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?
They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.
What explains why the idea that the "plain folk" of the Old South felt a bond with the plantation elite is false?
They were slaveholders too.
Jumping over a broomstick was symbolic for
a slave marriage.
Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by
countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species.
Burned-over districts were
in New York and Ohio where intense revivals occurred.
The role of African-Americans in the abolitionist movement
included helping to finance The Liberator.
The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War
introduced the words "socialism" and "communism" to the language of politics.
The significance of New Harmony was that
it promoted reform in education and women's rights.
Urban slaves
most often were domestic servants.
Slave families
often were headed by women because of the sale of male slaves.
Most white southerners lived
on self-sufficient farms in isolated areas and were poorly educated.
Joseph Cinquez is well known for a slave rebellion
on the Amistad.
On the plantation, the man who was in charge of ensuring a profitable crop for the plantation master was called the
overseer.
Free blacks in the South were allowed to
own property.
The gag rule
prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions.
Denmark Vesey's conspiracy
reflected the combination of American and African influences circulating at the time.
In the South, the paternalist ethos
reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him.
In slave folklore, the Brer Rabbit stories
represented how slaves were weaker than their masters but could outsmart them.
Southern cities
served as centers for gathering and shipping cotton.
There were many forms of slave resistance. The most common was
silent sabotage.
Southern farmers in the backcountry
were more likely to be illiterate than their northern counterparts.
At the Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, participants
wished to have greater access to education and employment.
Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, _____ will occupy a large space in its pages."
women
The slave population by 1860 was approximately
4 million.
Approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States?
75%
Which group of people took the concept of social freedom as their own, greatly expanding its meaning?
Feminists
Who was once a slave, became a leader of the abolitionist movement, and published his autobiography condemning slavery and racism?
Frederick Douglass
Which of the following was not true of the South and slavery in nineteenth century America?
In the South as a whole, slaves made up 10 percent of the population.
Who said that the language in the Declaration of Independence—that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty—was "the most false and dangerous of all political errors"?
John C. Calhoun
The _____ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.
Liberty Party
Which of the following stories did not play a central role in black Christianity?
Noah and the ark
What enabled slave owners to think of themselves as kind, responsible masters even as they bought and sold their human property?
Paternalism
The sale and trade of slaves within the United States is called the
Second Middle Passage.
Which of the following was the least frequent form of slave resistance?
Serious crimes such as arson, poisoning, and assault
What was commonly believed about prisons and asylums during the age of reform?
That they could become an environment for rehabilitation, releasing "cured" patients back into society
The Oneida Community
controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce.
Historians estimate that approximately _____ slaves per year escaped to the North and Canada.
1,000
At what age was a slave permitted by law to enter the plantation labor force?
10 years old
About _____ reform communities were established in the decades before the Civil War.
100
By 1850, approximately how many slave owners owned 200 slaves or more?
100
Who gave more speeches and traveled more miles than any other female orator during the antebellum period?
Abby Kelley
Abolitionists in the 1830s spread their views
All of the above
Frederick Douglass
All of the above
Fugitive slaves
All of the above
Horace Mann believed that public schools
All of the above
In the antebellum era, Americans embarked on a program of institution building, including
All of the above
Margaret Fuller was
All of the above
Nat Turner's Rebellion
All of the above
Nearly all the reform communities
All of the above
The abolitionist view of the Constitution was
All of the above
In the nineteenth century, what product replaced sugar as the world's major crop produced by slave labor?
Cotton
Which of the following was not used by southerners to justify their proslavery ideology?
The Declaration of Independence
What did slaves follow to get escape north?
The North Star
Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true?
The South was in a panic after the rebellion.
What did the Fourth of July represent to Frederick Douglass?
The hypocrisy of a nation that proclaimed liberty but sanctioned slavery
Utopian communities were unlikely to attract much support because most Americans
a and b
Southerners John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh
agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but a positive good.
Task labor
allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done.
The connection between the abolitionist movement and the idea of civil liberties
became clearer to more Americans after the murder of abolitionist editor Elijah Lovejoy.
The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers
benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.
The North's economic connection to southern slavery
benefited the elite of coastal cities, but few others.
William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization, that
blacks were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but rather they were already part of American society and thus should stay.
The Declaration of Sentiments was made
by the women at the Seneca Falls Convention.
The American Temperance Society was established in 1826, and by 1840,
consumption of alcohol per person had fallen substantially.
Robert Owen's community, New Harmony,
championed women's rights and education.
The South's proslavery argument
claimed that slavery was essential to human progress, economically and culturally.
Slave religion
combined African traditions and Christian belief.
Denmark Vesey
combined aspects of American and African culture.
The Seneca Falls women's rights convention
condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.
Dorothea Dix devoted her life to crusade for the
construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane.
Abby Kelley
demonstrated the interconnectedness of nineteenth-century reform movements.
Silent sabotage can be defined as slaves
doing poor work and breaking tools.
The connection between abolitionism and violence
existed in the minds of southerners despite the fact that Garrison and his followers opposed violence.
