History 2
In 1982, President Reagan declared a 'War on Drugs.' Reagan's wife, Nancy Reagan, campaigned to end drug use on which of the following slogans?
'Just Say No'
Which of the following best describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan for the U.S. Supreme Court ?
'Packing' the court with justices who favored his policies.
How much land was granted in the Homestead Act?
160 acres per individual
The _____ Amendment banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the United States.
18th
Which amendment outlawed the sale and manufacture of alcohol in America?
18th
Why was 1963 such a pivotal year in Vietnam for the United States?
1963 included a major defeat for the South Vietnamese in Ap Bac as well as the assassination of the leader of South Vietnam.
What expanded women's right to vote in the United States?
19th Amendment
Identify which of the following profiles was crucial in Obama's 2008 path to the White House:
A 22-year-old male student from Michigan
Identify which of the following is a profile of a person who did NOT benefit significantly from Woodrow Wilson's presidency:
A 25-year-old African American male worker from Washington.
Which of the following is a profile of a person who directly benefited from the Supreme Court case Muller v. Oregon (1908)?
A 30-year-old employed white female from Chicago
Which of the following was a profile the Civilian Conservation Corps was focused on?
A 30-year-old unemployed male from Oklahoma
Which of the following is a likely profile of a Progressive reformer?
A 34-year-old white male from Chicago who is an investigative journalist.
Identify which of the following is the most likely profile of a Ku Klux Kan victim in the 1920s:
A 40-year-old Catholic male from Indianapolis
Identify which of the following profiles was NOT crucial to Hoover's policy of associationalism:
A 40-year-old member of Congress
Which of the following was a profile of a probable Reagan supporter in the 1980 election?
A 45-year-old white male business owner from Texas.
Which of the following profiles likely profited the most from the Reagan economic program?
A 45-year-old white male who was a CEO at a Wall Street firm
Which of the following is a profile of a person who was likely NOT fighting for equal rights during the 1960s and 1970s?
A 60-year-old heterosexual white male from Austin
Which of the following is a profile of a person targeted by the Social Security Act?
A 60-year-old white male from Michigan.
Which of the following fits the profile of the primary target of Medicare?
A 65-year-old retired police officer from New York
The partition of the Korean peninsula following World War II is BEST defined in which description below?
A demilitarized zone was established along the 38th parallel and created two Koreas
What was the Interstate Commerce Commission?
A federal agency created to regulate the railroad industry.
The First Philippine Republic was _____.
A government that was established by Filipinos after the Philippine Revolution, which was not recognized by the U.S.
Who were the Scottsboro boys?
A group of young African American boys who were wrongfully convicted of raping two white girls
How was the Contract with America defined?
A list of campaign promises by Republican candidates.
What was the Port Huron Statement?
A manifesto that would act as the template for the student movement throughout the rest of the 1960s.
Which of the following profiles was essentially established thanks to the construction of the railroads?
A middle-aged administrative official from New York
Which of the following was likely a beneficiary of the Newlands Reclamation Act?
A middle-aged farmer from the West who had new money for irrigation projects.
Which person would be most likely to be able to legally emigrate to the United States in the 1890s?
A middle-aged healthy white Dutch male with no criminal record
Identify which of the following profiles is most likely the one of a muckraker:
A middle-aged investigative journalist who works at a newspaper
Which person was the first to settle on the frontier in the mid-19th century?
A middle-aged miner from Virginia
Identify which of the following profiles Carnegie and other Robber Barons thought was best suited for deciding what the poorest needed most:
A middle-aged white male who has a large company and a lot of money
Which of the following best describes the Cotton Club?
A nightclub in Harlem that hosted African American musicians, but only allowed white patrons
Identify the most likely profile of an AIDS infected American in the 1980s:
A person who had issues with IV drug abuse.
For most Americans during WWII, the most relevant source of information was gathered from which of the following?
A radio-show host
Yellow journalism is _____.
A sensational form of journalism that exaggerates and twists facts to affect opinions in order to sell news papers
What was a kamikaze attack?
A suicide collision attack by a Japanese airplane
Identify which of the following profiles benefited most from the work of Fannie Lou Hamer and Gloria Steinem.
A young African American working a blue-collar job
Which of the following persons was most likely to be satisfied with the election results during the Gilded Age:
A young Republican from Texas
Identify which of the following is the profile of the target of the 1925 Butler Act:
A young liberal teacher that supported the teachings of Darwin
Which of the following profiles would MOST likely have opposed prohibition in the 1920s?
A young, single white female in New York
Attorney General, _____, led raids against suspected communists during the Red Scare of the 1920s.
A. Mitchell Palmer
The U.S. Attorney General who led raids against suspected communists in the 1920s was _____.
A. Mitchell Palmer
What was the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Roe v. Wade in 1973?
Abortion was legal in Texas in cases of rape and incest; however, McCorvey lied about her situation
Why did Norma McCorvey choose Texas to have an abortion in 1969?
Abortion was legal in Texas in cases of rape and incest; however, McCorvey lied about her situation
The German invasion of the Soviet Union is BEST associated with which of the following outcomes?
Accelerating the downfall of the Nazi regime
All of the following were provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, EXCEPT:
According to the treaty's 'War Guilt Clause', Austria-Hungary had to accept total responsibility for starting the war.
Which of the following items is NOT associated with the 'spoils system' of the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Unites States?
Acquiring political positions based upon merit
Jewish people, communists, journalists, and the disabled were all targets of this World War II era dictator in Western Europe.
Adolf Hitler
A response to the Great Depression that caused sharecroppers to lose their jobs was the _____.
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Who opposed George W. Bush during the Presidential Election of 2000?
Al Gore
Which of the following pieces of legislation supported by George W. Bush were NOT passed by Congress?
All are correct
Which of the following violent events did the Civil Rights Movement face throughout the 1960s?
All are correct
Which of the following were actions taken by Franklin D. Roosevelt to begin moving the United States from isolation to intervention?
All are correct
What characteristics made 'Generation X' Americans the 'me' or 'yuppie' generation?
All are correct.
Which of the following measures were taken for the assimilation of Native Americans?
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following statements is true about the Dawes Act?
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following took place during the period of the 'Red Scare'?
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following were tenets of the George W. Bush tax cut legislation?
All of the answers are correct.
Why is the Potsdam conference linked to the start of the Cold War?
All of the answers are correct.
Why were political reformers of the Progressive Era concerned about the influence of political machines?
All of the answers are correct.
Malcom X was a supporter of which of the following?
All of the options are correct.
Following the Battle of Midway, the United States and its allies adopted a strategy of island hopping. How did Japanese military commanders, soldiers and pilots respond to that strategy?
All of these answers are correct.
During his presidency, Franklin D. Roosevelt pushed for laws connected to the following:
All of these are correct.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, what did political progressives seek?
All of these are correct.
How did Americans express their opposition to President Herbert Hoover?
All of these are correct.
What reforms did Woodrow Wilson achieve during his presidency?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following people were influential muckrakers who created public awareness of corruption and social injustices?
All of these are correct.
Which of these is true about the National Labor Relations Act?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following groups fell victim to Hitler's 'cleansing'?
All of these groups fell victim to Hitler's cleansing.
Secretary Albert Fall was responsible for
All of these statements are true.
Which nation was NOT added to or considered a U.S. protectorate because of the Treaty of Paris (1898)?
All of these were protectorates or considered to be protectorates
The completion of the transcontinental railroad prompted which of the following changes in American life?
All the answers are correct
Which of the following were objectives of Reagan's economic program?
All the answers are correct
Why did the 'Iron Curtain' fall?
All the answers are correct.
How were wages of American men, immigrants, women and children different for the same work?
American men were paid at the highest rate.
For which of the following reasons did the U.S. go to war against Spain in 1898?
American sympathy toward Cuban rebels
Why was Nixon's win in the 1968 presidential election a pivotal time for Americans?
Americans voted for conservatism and the Republican leadership that would reestablish the US as an advocate for global peace and freedom
How did World War II rejuvenate the Civil Rights Movement?
Americans were fighting for freedom abroad but realized they were denying their own citizens freedom.
Why was Carter able to beat Ford in the 1976 election?
Americans were frustrated by the conservative approach to politics, and wanted change.
Which landmark legislation did George H.W. Bush sign prohibiting discrimination against disabled Americans in public facilities and the workplace?
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Which is the best explanation of a trust?
An 'umbrella' corporation that oversees several companies.
What was the Manhattan Project?
An American program to develop an atomic weapon.
Why was the Israeli Prime Minister assassinated in the mid-90s?
An Israeli citizen believed that his government had made too many concessions.
Which problem did Bush face during the presidential campaign?
An economic recession
Which description below BEST describes the Viet Cong in relation to U.S. military forces during the Vietnam War?
An enemy revolutionary political group comprised of guerilla fighters and civilian militia
What is a speakeasy?
An illegal bar
Which of the following is a method by which voters can propose state laws?
An initiative
Which of the following did Social Darwinism try to justify?
Anti-immigrant policies and attitudes.
Who was the target of the Red Scare in the 1947-1953 period?
Anyone who did not fit the democratic-capitalist mold.
Which individual was NOT involved in the Watergate Scandal?
Archibald Cox
In 1950, the United States sought support from the United Nations for collective action against North Korea. This was in response to what event?
Armed conflict in Korea
How did Art Deco differ from Victorianism?
Art Deco rebelled against the status quo, including all of the norms set by Victorianism. Replacing elaborate styles associated with Victorianism, a new artistic movement called Art Deco flourished throughout the 1920s. Art Deco style was applied not only to art but also architecture, furniture design, fashion, advertising and many other areas.
Which sentence accurately describes art and culture in the 1920s?
Artist, musicians and writers in the 1920s challenged traditions and aimed to be experimental.
Which statement is true regarding the rise of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s?
As the Civil Rights Movement gained momentum, violence and terrorism against African Americans increased.
How do modern historians view the Red Scare of 1947-1954?
As unfounded paranoia.
The origins of this military development by the U.S. began from a belief of the need to beat Nazi Germany in a race to complete the same project.
Atomic bomb
Who formed the core of Clinton's supporters and why?
Baby boomers, who appreciated that Clinton was from their generation
The Brady Bill required which one of the following?
Background checks for the purchase of handguns
This decisive Allied victory in the Pacific Ocean Theater occurred after the bombing at Pearl Harbor, and resulted in the sinking of four Japanese aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and two destroyers.
Battle of Midway
Which of the following decisive U.S. military victories is BEST associated with a pivotal turning point in the World War II Pacific Theater efforts?
Battle of Midway in 1942
According to the ruling from U.S. v. Nixon, which of the following is a President able to do?
Be unable to use executive privilege in order to withhold evidence from a criminal investigation
Which post-war, counter-culture group in America is best defined as a vast group of bohemian creatives that deviated markedly in their ideas from mainstream society in the 1950s?
Beatniks
Why did Clinton NOT intervene during the Rwandan genocide?
Because America had just experienced a failure in Somalia and was thus hesitant to intervene in Africa again.
Why did the United States initiate Operation Desert Storm?
Because Bush wanted to end the invasion of Iraq on Kuwait.
Why was the Supreme Court's 2000 ruling of Gore vs Bush considered controversial?
Because Florida's Supreme Court delivered a different verdict which called for a recount
Why did the 1962 Cuban Crisis have a significant meaning for the USA?
Because Soviet nuclear weaponry was in range of American territory
Why did organized crime increase in the 1920s?
Because criminals took advantage of prohibition.
Why were the Nez Perce asked to relinquish most of their lands?
Because gold was discovered in their territory.
Why was President George W. Bush criticized for his handling of Hurricane Katrina?
Because government response to the situation was slow and insufficient.
Why was Robert La Follette nicknamed 'Battling Bob'?
Because he fought for progressive reforms.
Why did Bush have an advantage over McCain during the 2000 Republican Primary?
Because he had stronger financial support
Why is Andrew Carnegie considered the best representative of the Gilded Age?
Because he immigrated to the U.S. with very little money and created one of the largest companies and, when adjusted for inflation, was one of the wealthiest men of all time.
Why did the federal deficit increase under Reagan?
Because he increased expenditure on the military in a renewed Cold War offensive.
Why did Nixon engage in triangular diplomacy?
Because he wanted to decrease tensions between the world's largest nuclear superpowers.
Why was President Kennedy's Cold War foreign policy called New Frontier?
Because it called for a new understanding of foreign policy so that it also addressed economic, foreign policy, civil rights and social welfare.
Marianne immigrated to the United States from Europe in search of better opportunities for herself and her future family. While in the process of applying for US citizenship, Marianne gives birth to a child. Why was the 14th Amendment important to Marianne?
Because it gave her child citizenship
Why is Reagenomics often associated with supply-side economics?
Because it is a theory that focuses on how to reduce obstacles such as taxes, which allows the consumer to spend more money.
Thomas Johnson was a leader of a teacher's union during the time of the second New Deal. Why was he satisfied with the Wagner Act?
Because it promised every worker the right to join a union.
Why was President Clinton's diplomatic intervention in Northern Ireland considered one of his most significant foreign policy achievements?
Because it resolved a long-term issue with a compromise that was acceptable to all parties and all sides agreed that only a popular majority vote could change the nation's constitutional status.
Why was the 1912 election significant?
Because it was the height of progressive ideas and rhetoric at the national level.
Why did Roosevelt want to build the Panama Canal?
Because it would cut the time it took to get from San Francisco to New York in half.
Why did Britain and France enter World War II?
Because of Germany's invasion of Poland.
Why was the role of homosexuals in society difficult in the 1950s?
Because of a return to more traditional gender roles where they were left out as subversive elements of society.
Why did the Great Society and its programs struggle to survive?
Because of backlash from conservatives
Why were construction workers on the transcontinental railroad in danger?
Because of disease and famine.
Why is Langston Hughes considered an influential figure of the Harlem Renaissance?
Because of his writing ability and his pioneering of jazz poetry
Why was there a sudden growth of northern urban population centers in the late 19th century?
Because of large-scale immigration
Why did President Clinton get impeached?
Because of perjury and obstruction of justice.
Why did the U.S. get involved in Vietnam?
Because of the belief if that Vietnam fell to communism, so might other countries in Southeast Asia.
Why did the Scopes trial garner so much national attention?
Because of the celebrity attorneys, Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan.
Why did Bush call Iraq, Iran and North Korea the 'axis of evil'?
Because of their dangerous and inhumane governments
Why did public opinion occasionally turn against unionized workers who went on strike?
Because people believed the workers occasionally became too radical and violent
Why was the St. Valentine Day Massacre a significant event?
Because people realized how bad organized crime had become.
Why did some members of the Democratic Party support Senator Edward Kennedy over President Carter as the Democratic nominee in the 1980 election?
Because some Democrats were frustrated by Carter's failures.
Why was the peace created by the Dayton Treaty highly fragile?
Because the 20,000 peacekeepers had difficulty in containing the conflict which reignited only 3 years later.
Why did Nixon attempt to use his powers to prevent the Pentagon Papers from being leaked to the public?
Because the Pentagon Papers contained sensitive information about America's involvement in the war in Vietnam.
Why did the US invade Afghanistan after the 9/11 attacks?
Because the Taliban refused to turn over bin Laden
Why were business tycoons in the Gilded Age allowed to get away with certain practices that we consider illegal today?
Because the government believed in a laissez-faire approach to business.
Why did American agriculture and farming in the 1860s flourish?
Because the government established colleges dedicated to research agricultural technology.
How did the Watergate scandal receive its name?
Because the headquarters of the Democratic Party at the Watergate office complex was broken into at Nixon's behalf.
Why did the Second Industrial Revolution positively impact the middle class?
Because there was a growing number of white-collar jobs
Why was Obama's domestic agenda during his first term heavily criticised by the Tea Party?
Because they believed the Affordable Healthcare Act would increase the federal debt
Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
Because they blamed Roosevelt for the state of their economy.
Why did the Salvation Army help prostitutes, thieves, and alcoholics?
Because they felt it was their mission to help those who were normally not helped.
Why was the economic state of East and West Germany significant to international relations?
Because they had different economic systems and if one of them were to prosper it could be seen as a victory for communism or capitalism.
Why are the Scottsboro Trials important?
Because they showed the injustice African-Americans suffered during the 1930s.
Why did Congress enact the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947?
Because they specifically focused on unions as a possible breeding ground for communism.
Why were labor unions organized by workers in the late 19th century?
Because unions fought to improve working conditions
Post-World War II tensions quickly escalated between the Soviet Union and the United States, as in 1948, Soviet Forces initiated this action designed to cut off West Berlin from the outside world?
Berlin blockade
Why was the legal status of Berlin in the time of its occupation after WW2 complicated?
Berlin was in Soviet territory, but East Berlin was controlled by the Soviets, while the US, Britain, and France all controlled West Berlin.
_____ was a liberal feminist leader and author of the book 'The Feminine Mystique'
Betty Friedan
Japan's failure to respond to the Potsdam Declaration is BEST associated with which U.S. military action that followed?
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Who lead one of the largest protests against the Hoover Administration and Congress during the Great Depression?
Bonus Army
Which of the following was a feat in the Jim Crow Era?
Both Jackie Robinson being introduced into Major League baseball and President Harry Truman successfully desegregating the armed services in 1948.
How were the Black Power movement and the Black Panther Party similar?
Both abandoned non-violent methods of achieving their goals.
How did shows such as Life Styles of the Rich and Famous and slogans such as Shop 'Til You Drop' impact the American people?
Both increased the private consumption of Americans.
Compare Prime Ministers David Lloyd George and Georges Clemenceau's views on how Germany should be treated.
Both men wanted Germany to pay reparations but Clemenceau desired large-scale reparations from Germany.
How is the presidency of James Garfield similar to that of William McKinley?
Both of them were assassinated.
How did the American intervention in the Yom Kippur War and the devaluation of the dollar differ in their impact on the U.S. relationship with OPEC countries?
Both of these events caused significant negative tensions between OPEC countries and the U.S.
Which of the following practices was made illegal by the Clayton Antitrust Act?
Both price discrimination and tie-in contracts
How does the effect of the 1894 Pullman Strike compare to that of the 1892 strike at the Carnegie Steel Mill in Homestead?
Both the strikes turned popular opinion against the unions, but the Pullman Strike set a precedent that increased the federal government's capacity to intervene.
What did the Dawes Act attempt to do?
Bring Native Americans into mainstream society through land ownership.
The use of atomic weapons by the U.S. on two Japanese cities had an immediate impact on this World War II outcome?
Bringing an end to World War II
The Supreme Court ruled that the Florida vote recount was a direct violation of the equal protection clause under the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution in which case?
Bush v. Gore (2000)
How did the domestic agenda of the George H.W. Bush administration compare to that of Ronald Reagan?
Bush was more of a moderate
Harold purchased stock in his company by putting a small percentage down, and then borrowed the rest from a stockbroker. Popular in the 1920s, what is this common practice called?
Buying on margin.
How did the Homestead Act of 1862 encourage settlement in the West?
By giving away free lands to individuals west of the Mississsippi River
How did the Watkins Committee attempt to end McCarthy's witch hunt?
By having him censured in the Senate for congressional contempt and defamation of members of the Senate.
How did W.E.B. Du Bois influence the Harlem Renaissance?
By his civil rights activism and the NAACP's journal published the work of many African Americans
How did the United States attempt to combat the oil crisis?
By managing the national speed limit.
How did the Homestead Act successfully populate the frontier?
By promising people free land if they built a home and grew crops for five years.
How did settlement houses attempt to alleviate poverty?
By sharing knowledge and culture
How did Ford attempt to jump start the economy?
By unsuccessfully trying to decrease the inflation rate.
One of President Jimmy Carter's most recognized foreign policy accomplishments involved brokering a temporary peace between Egypt and Israel at what late 1970s event?
Camp David Accords
The Berlin Wall was one of the strongest, physical representations of the 'Iron Curtain' and the competing ideologies of which two post-World War II economic systems?
Capitalism and communism
Why was Ronald Reagan able to beat Carter in a landslide victory in the 1980 presidential election?
Carter was unpopular mainly due to his domestic failures
What did the National Defense Education Act of 1958 do?
Change the national curriculum to focus more on mathematics and science
Though Japan had invaded _____ earlier, they did not attack the United States until _____?
China; 1941
The end of World War II marked President Truman's foreign policy strategy designed to contain the spread of which item?
Communism
What caused the rise of religion in the US during the Red Scare?
Communism was viewed by many in the US as a godless entity that encouraged violence.
_____ was passed to ban communist candidates from participating in national public office.
Communist Control Act of 1954
The Korean conflict (1950-1953) was the United States' first post-World War II military action against which of the following items?
Communist aggression
How did Congress and President Wilson work together towards American entry into World War I?
Congress ultimately supported Wilson's decision to go to war and passed the Selective Service Act because the military did not have enough soldiers for large-scale operations.
Which branch of feminism believed in these two principles: maintaining the status quo of female societal roles and self-fulfillment?
Conservative Feminism.
Which of the following was NOT an economic plan for defeating the Soviet Union?
Containment
_____ was a 10-point reform plan that Republicans promised to enact if they gained control of Congress in 1994.
Contract with America
What was the main goal of OPEC?
Controlling the price of oil in the international community.
Which was NOT an effect of the Second Industrial Revolution?
Corporations
Lincoln Steffens is well-known for his muckraking work The Shame of the Cities. What did he write about?
Corruption in government
Which of the following was NOT a goal of the right-to-life movement to limit abortions in some states?
Criminal prosecution of women who seek abortions
Violent protests at this late 1960s event held in Chicago catapulted the Vietnam War to the forefront of public awareness?
Democratic National Convention in 1968
How did the Republican stance on inflation differ to that of the Democrats during the Gilded Age?
Democrats were for inflation, which benefited debtors, while Republicans opposed inflation, which favoured investors.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes Hirohito's actions prior to the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Despite high Japanese casualties, he refused to surrender.
Identify which of the following could the FBI do in 1947 during the tenure of J. Edgar Hoover:
Detain any suspect if they suspected he was a risk to national security.
What tactic did President George H.W. Bush favor in his foreign policy?
Diplomacy
Which statement is true regarding the Holocaust?
Doctors used concentration camp prisoners for medical experiments.
How did Dollar Diplomacy differ from Missionary Diplomacy?
Dollar Diplomacy focused on control and preventing the influence of other powers, while Missionary Diplomacy was less pragmatic, and forced oppressive regimes to adopt democracy.
Which theory underpinned the Vietnam War and suggested that if Vietnam fell to communist rule, the rest of Southeast Asia would follow a similar path?
Domino Theory
Who did Joseph McCarthy NOT accuse of being a suspected communist?
Douglas MacArthur
Which important Civil Rights Movement leader advocated the use of non-violent resistance to foster change?
Dr. Martin Luther King.
The drought-ravaged area of the Midwest that forced many farmers to head west was known as the _____.
Dust Bowl
In departing from office, this American president warned U.S. citizens to be aware of the growth of the military-industrial complex in his early 1960s farewell address?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the postwar era?
Economic depression
The Cold War was a period of tension between the United States and Soviet Union. Which of the following did this period encompass?
Economics, Politics, and Military
Which of the following did the Great Society attempt to address?
Education reform
Which amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages?
Eighteenth
During the Cold War era, the _____ called for U.S. assistance to help nations threatened with aggression by another country.
Eisenhower Doctrine
Which of the following was NOT a goal or an achievement of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal?
Elimination of all corporations through trust-busting.
What was the major point of contention between groups of the women's movement?
Equal Rights Amendment
How did World War II impact the relevance of state, local and federal governments in the United States?
Even after the war ended, Americans were accustomed to looking to the federal government for solutions.
This executive order implemented during World War II allowed the U.S. government to imprison Japanese-Americans in internment camps along the West Coast.
Executive Order 9066
Which 19th-century policy was shaped by rising beliefs in American exceptionalism, 'Social Darwinism,' and desire for access to overseas markets?
Expansionism
This author penned a number of famous works, including The Great Gatsby.
F. Scott Fitzgerald
How did Granges differ from Farmers' Alliances?
Farmers' Alliances were more political than Granges.
In 1914, the Wilson administration created a regulatory agency to prevent consumer fraud, false advertising, and monopolies. This entity is known as the _____.
Federal Trade Commission
How did the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act impact the U.S.?
Federal employees had to be hired on the basis of merit.
In deciding Roe v. Wade, the U.S. Supreme Court stipulated that a woman had the right to an abortion up until what point?
Fetal viability
How did the work of F. Scott Fitzgerald differ from that of Ernest Hemingway?
Fitzgerald focused on decadence and excess in his most famous novel, while Hemingway dealt with themes of struggle, courage and loss.
You have been asked to give a presentation dealing with the results of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Which of the following should you mention?
For the next several months, Japan had nearly free reign in the Pacific.
Which of the following automobile companies produced the Model T, an affordable, and therefore, more democratic car?
Ford
How was the work of Henry Ford influenced by Frederick W. Taylor?
Ford included Taylor's ideas about efficiency standards in his assembly line.
Which of the following countries was NOT 'behind the Iron Curtain'?
France
Moving the United States from isolation to intervention best describes the foreign policy of which of these Presidents?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Which of these Presidents had an economic policy that focused on reducing production in the belief that the market would correct itself through the forces of supply and demand ?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Which quote is attributed to Chief Joseph?
From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.
Why were the 'Roaring '20s' a prosperous period?
GNP grew at an annual rate of 5%
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were shot by:
Gavrilo Princip
The election of which president was contested and settled by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2000?
George W. Bush
Following the resignation by President Nixon in 1974, who succeeded him as the next U.S. president?
Gerald Ford
This 1970s presidential administration was noted by the beginning of high inflation and unemployment at the same time in the United States.
Gerald Ford
Which of the following individuals was NOT a choice for the Republican nomination during the 1980 presidential primary?
Gerald Ford
Which of the following best describes the Zimmermann note?
Germany requested that Mexico declare war on the United States to distract them from entering the war in Europe.
How was the Soviet Union involved in World War II?
Germany's invasion of Poland was carried out in cooperation with the Soviet Union; however, when Germany tried to invade them, the Soviets joined the Allied Powers.
Which nations made up the Axis powers throughout most of WWII?
Germany, Japan and Italy
Which of the following did NOT figure into Truman's decision to drop the bombs?
Give in to pressure from UK.
What was the Black Hills Region famous for during the second half of the 19th century?
Gold was discovered in the area
Which of these is NOT associated with the 'Robber Barons?'
Good employee relations
The military engagement that ensued in the early 1990s in response to the Iraqi invasion of its neighbor Kuwait, led by the United States and its allies, is known as which of the following?
Gulf War of 1990-1991
What is the name for the African-American artistic and cultural movement centered in New York during the 1920s?
Harlem Renaissance
What is the name given to the African-American artistic and intellectual movement that took place in New York City during the 1920s?
Harlem Renaissance
Who led the American delegation at Potsdam near the end of World War II?
Harry Truman
How did the role of Newt Gingrich change after the 1994 election?
He became Speaker of the House of Representatives because he was one of the leaders of the Republican Revolution.
How did the Neutrality Act of 1937 limit Franklin D. Roosevelt's capacity to intervene in the affairs of other countries?
He could no longer provide foreign aid to a country at war unless the nations were able to pay cash and carry the products away on non-American vessels.
How did the policies of President Calvin Coolidge impact the economy?
He decreased the tax rate, which was beneficial to the economy during the time of increased consumption.
What was the outcome of Bush's promise to not raise taxes?
He ended up having to raise taxes, but the federal debt continued to grow
Why was Elvis popular with the youth in the 1950s?
He had a rebellious attitude, which they admired.
How did Carnegie's approach to his business differ from his approach to the rest of society?
He had bloody disputes with his employees, but he donated a lot of money to charity.
Which of the following is an often-used criticism of Ford?
He has a poor understanding of foreign policy, which is why he handled the crisis in the Middle East badly.
Which of the following is most closely associated with W.E.B. Du Bois?
He helped form the Niagara Movement and later edited 'The Crisis' for the NAACP.
How did George Westinghouse contribute to the expansion of the Transcontinental Railroad?
He invented air brakes to stop trains.
How did Senator Joseph McCarthy work to rid the United States of communism?
He led a campaign to name and eliminate suspected communists in the United States.
How did Joseph Stalin take control of Eastern Europe after World War II?
He promised the Allied powers he would hold a free election in Potsdam, but through falsified elections and other measures went back on his word.
How did President Johnson's view of the Great Society program change in 1968?
He realised that the issues the Great Society program faced could not be resolved in such a short time frame.
How did President Richard Nixon's political career end?
He resigned.
How did John F. Kennedy work to fight communism during his brief presidency?
He started international programs such as the Peace Corps, Alliance for Progress and Project Apollo.
Why did Franklin D. Roosevelt enact the Good Neighbor Policy?
He wanted to establish a good relationship with Latin America and open markets for trading.
Why did Aaron Douglas paint pictures set in Africa?
He wanted to glorify the African heritage.
How did Bush respond to the Chinese military violently overtaking pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square?
He wanted to initiate diplomatic sanctions against the Chinese government.
How did Alfred Thayer Mahan affect American imperialism?
He was a historian who argued for a modernized navy with a greater global presence.
What was Sirhan Sirhan's possible motivation for assassinating Senator Robert Kennedy in 1968?
He was against Kennedy's foreign policy proposals for the Middle East
How was Carter different from most Democrats during his administration?
He was more conservative in foreign and fiscal policies
What did William Jennings Bryan mean when he said, You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold?
He was speaking out against the gold standard.
How was Douglas MacArthur's supervision of Japan during the time of the occupation conducted in comparison to the way it was originally conceived?
He was supposed to be the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers in charge of the occupation, but he was essentially viceroy of Japan during this time.
Why is Ford a unique figure in American presidential history?
He was the only person to serve as a vice president and president without being elected to either office.
How did Truman feel about the Manhattan Project while he was Vice President?
He was unaware of the Manhattan Project in his capacity as Vice President.
Which of the following statements about President Calvin Coolidge is true?
He was very pro-business.
Which industry was increasingly regulated during the Clinton administration?
Healthcare
Who made the first mass-produced automobile that became affordable and helped 'democratize the automobile' during the 20's?
Henry Ford
Which President decreased the amount of unemployment assistance as a response to the expanding role of the Federal Government?
Herbert Hoover
How was the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 related to Cold War military strategy?
Highways were built so that the military could easily travel if a war broke out.
In what way was President George W. Bush responsible for the Great Recession?
His attempts to help the economy were insufficient.
Carter's domestic agenda generally was considered unsuccessful because:
His economic plans were rejected by Congress
How do historians view the Marshall Plan and its influence on the Eastern block?
Historians consider the Marshall Plan to be a huge success, despite the fact the Eastern block chose not to accept it.
Which event immediately preceded Germany's surrender and the end of WWII?
Hitler's suicide
If an American was on the verge of losing their home because they could not pay their mortgage, they could refinance their home under the _____.
Home Owners Act
During the Great Depression, towns containing cardboard and scrap metal homes that were sloppily assembled were known as _____.
Hoovervilles
Which of the following referred to homes constructed of cardboard and scrap metal?
Hoovervilles
Which of the following is an example of a United States government body attempting to uncover communist sympathies in American society?
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
How did Congress work to investigate alleged communist supporters?
House Un-American Activities Committee was formed to investigate any citizen accused of being a communist supporter.
Which prominent politician listed below believed that the Great Depression could be ended by redistributing income from the top down?
Huey Long
What was the cornerstone of Carter's foreign policy?
Humanitarianism
In what ways did Hitler violate the Treaty of Versailles? I. Invading Ethiopia II. Militarizing the Rhineland III. Signing military alliances IV. Seizing the Sudetenland
II and III.
In response to allegations that President Nixon ordered top aides to halt a federal investigation of charges of a crime committed by Republican operatives, this action was suggested in the early 1970s?
Impeachment
How is Imperialism different from Nationalism?
Imperialism is when a nation works to expand its power and influence. Nationalism is the overabundance of patriotism.
Why was the National Security Act of 1947 primarily created?
In order to fight the rising influence of the Soviet Union and communism.
Why did the United States invade Panama during the Bush administration?
In order to remove Manuel Noriega from power.
Why was the 1875 Page Act introduced?
In response to a widespread stereotype about the danger of cheap Chinese labor.
Which of the following issues did NOT contribute to the end of the 1960s counterculture?
Incarceration of the leadership of the Yippies and Diggers
President Ronald Reagan's chief economic policy put forth that tax cuts for most Americans would do which of the following?
Increase income tax revenues for the federal government
How did life change for middle class women in the 1890s?
Increased educational opportunities led to greater inclusion in society.
Henry Bessemer is MOST closely associated with which industry revolution in the late 19th century?
Inexpensive processing of steel, which led to swift mechanization of industry
Which of the following is a branch of the justice department that should have dealt with leftist radicals?
Intelligence Division
How did Executive Order 9066 affect Japanese Americans?
Interned residents and citizens of Japanese descent in the United States.
The allegation that Noriega ordered an attack on American servicemen around the time of President George H.W. Bush's-approved coup against him was used to justify which 1989 foreign policy decision?
Invasion of Panama and detention of General Manuel Noriega
What were the Progressive reformers working towards in the early twentieth century?
Involving government in regulating social, economic, and political problems.
Which of the following events caused the 1979 energy crisis?
Iranian Revolution
How does the expression 'What goes up must come down' relate to the American economic events in the first half of the 1900s?
It accurately displays the fact that on Black Tuesday in 1929 there was a crash of the stock exchange, causing significant decreases in nearly all relevant macroeconomic statistics in the months that followed.
Why was the Seventeenth Amendment an important political reform?
It allowed for the direct election of senators by the people instead of being chosen by state legislatures.
How did the court-packing plan help Roosevelt push the second New Deal?
It attempted to change the Supreme Court by adding an additional justice for any of its members who were older than 70.
How did the Beat Generation get their name?
It came from Kerouac who used to term to mean upbeat or being on beat.
How did the work of the muckrakers impact politics of the Progressive Era?
It caused further regulation of areas that muckrakers targeted.
How did Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique impact the Women's Movement?
It caused the rise of the second female rights movement.
How did the Bessemer steel process impact the labor market?
It created a need for a large amount of workers who mostly performed repetitive tasks.
How did NSC-68 fit in the overall containment strategy and the Korean War?
It declared a global war against communism, making a transition to total containment.
How did the grandfather clause discriminate against African-Americans?
It denied illiterate African-Americans the right to vote, although it did not discriminate against white illiterate Americans whose grandfathers had the right to vote before 1867.
How did McCarthyism differ from the Red Scare?
It didn't; both addressed the fear of communists infiltrating the US.
How did William James' approach to Progressive reform differ from John Dewey's?
It didn't; both men were pragmatists.
Why was the North American Free Trade Agreement of 1992 important?
It eliminated tariffs and opened free trade between the US, Mexico and Canada
How did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution influence the authority of President Johnson?
It gave the president a blank check and use of all necessary means to fight the North Vietnamese.
Which of the following was NOT a moral reason behind the movement to ban alcohol consumption?
It had no medicinal value.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the sinking of the Lusitania?
It happened at the beginning of World War II.
How did American entry into WW2 impact the life of everyday Americans?
It included significant rationing of all supplies, such as meat and butter.
A protective tariff is BEST described by which of the following items?
It is a tax levied on imported goods, RAISING the price of the imported good compared to similar goods made within the country.
How is the Eighteenth Amendment still present in contemporary American politics?
It isn't, it has been repealed by the Twenty-First Amendment.
How did the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act impact the American economy?
It jeopardized American production because it caused various foreign trade partners to close their market due to the protective tariffs.
Which is NOT true of the Berlin Airlift?
It lasted three years.
How did new communication technologies in the late 1800s affect society?
It led to a better-informed population as well as more career fields for women.
Why was the Stonewall Inn incident in 1969 significant?
It led to the formation of the Gay Liberation Front.
How did the Underwood Tariff of 1913 impact the American economy?
It made it more open to trade by reducing tax on imported goods by 15%.
How did the Second Industrial Revolution change the United States?
It marked a change towards mass production, which was enabled by the Bessemer steel process.
How was Northern Securities Company relevant to the creation of modern antitrust laws?
It marked a precedent because the NSC was dissolved.
How did the Battle of Wounded Knee impact federal policy towards Native Americans?
It marked an end to conquest and the beginning of assimilation.
How did the Truman Doctrine impact containment policy?
It marked the beginning of the implementation of the containment policy.
Which of the following is NOT provided under the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914?
It outlawed taxation on liquor and cigarettes.
How did the Wabash Case impact the series of state-level regulations benefiting farmers known as Granger laws?
It overturned one of the Granger laws, and determined the federal government had jurisdiction over interstate commerce.
Why did the Nineteenth Amendment have historic consequences for the status of female rights?
It provided women with the right to vote.
Which of the following could be inferred about the 1992 presidential election?
It represented a generational shift in political power
How did the Underwood Tariff (1913) affect the American population?
It satisfied them because the import tax decreased by 15%.
Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
It wanted to discourage U.S. involvement in the war with China, as well as Japan's Pacific conquests.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
It was Germany's final assault on Allied lines.
What was the purpose of the Bayonet Constitution that was formed in Hawaii?
It was a new constitution that took away the voting rights of poor native Hawaiians and stripped the power from the Hawaiian monarchy.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Harlem Renaissance?
It was a rejection of the African-American culture.
Which of the following statements concerning the German invasion of the Soviet Union is NOT true?
It was all over within three months.
What was the purpose of the Gentlemen's Agreement between Japan and the U.S.?
It was an effort to ease tensions between the two countries by ensuring Japan doesn't issue new passports to Japanese wishing to work in the U.S., and that U.S. would stop discrimination against Japanese children in California schools.
How did Operation Vittles impact the Berlin blockade?
It was an operation of providing supplies to Berlin, thus negating the effect of the blockade.
What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall?
It was built by Eastern Germany to keep communist citizens from fleeing to democratic territory.
Why was Korea originally divided on the 38th parallel?
It was decided arbitrarily as a measure to separate the American and Soviet spheres of occupation.
Which of the following was NOT an impact of President John F. Kennedy's authorization of the Bay of Pigs invasion in Cuba?
It was deemed a major victory in promoting democracy in Cuba
How was Germany supposed to be divided based on the deal at the Yalta conference?
It was divided into four occupation zones, one for each of the Big 3 and one for France.
What happened to the Populist Party in the late 1800s?
It was engulfed by the Democrat party.
How did the productivity growth during Reagan compare to the years of the Carter administration?
It was higher during the Reagan administration, which is why it is considered one of his more important achievements.
Why is jazz representative of the 1920s?
It was innovative, carefree and modern.
Which of the following regarding the Volstead Act is FALSE?
It was opposed by influential businessmen like J.D. Rockefeller
Which of these is a true statement about the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy vs. Ferguson?
It was overturned by the ruling in Brown vs. the Board of Education.
How did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand affect World War One?
It was the catalyst that started the war.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning Prohibition?
It was victory for big cities over the rural and small towns of America.
How can you summarize the Atlantic Charter?
It was violated by Stalin at the end of the war, was written before the US entered the war, and called for the disarmament of Axis powers.
Why did Italy drop out of the Big Four?
Italy's demand for more territory was denied.
At the conclusion of 1942, this Asian nation controlled roughly 2.8 million miles of the Pacific.
Japan
Which action prompted the United States to enter WWII?
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
Which of the following events prompted the state of undeclared war that existed between the United States and Japan?
Japan invaded Manchuria.
Why was the Potsdam declaration relevant to ending World War II?
Japan was threatened with complete and total destruction.
Which action prompted the United States to enter World War II?
Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor.
Which of the following people supported McCarthy and his dubious tactics?
John F. Kennedy
Who was in charge of American troops during World War I?
John J. Pershing
Which is FALSE regarding the Scopes Trial?
John Scopes was imprisoned for 10 days. *John Scopes was NOT imprisoned. He was, however, fined $100 dollars for violating the Butler Act.
One of the most prolific of the yellow journalism publishers was
Joseph Pulitzer
Which American political figure is MOST closely associated with leveraging American fears of communism in the 1950s to gain political power and influence?
Joseph R. McCarthy
In which country was the implementation of NSC-68 tested?
Korea
This early 1950s military conflict essentially ended with little fundamental change from where it began, leaving a fragile peace between participants?
Korean Conflict
Why were sharecroppers specifically hard hit during the Great Depression?
Landowners terminated their leases due to unavailable land
His most famous poem, 'A Dream Deferred', foreshadowed the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s:
Langston Hughes
Which answer most accurately describes how the Progressive Movement affected African Americans?
Limited gains were achieved for African Americans during the Progressive Era.
How did General MacArthur's ideas about the Korean War differ from President Truman's?
MacArthur wanted a total war, while Truman wanted to negotiate a settlement.
How was the conflict between Truman and MacArthur resolved?
MacArthur was relieved of his command
How were muckraking journalists influential during the Progressive Era?
Magazines like McClure's competed for the most sensational stories, and muckraking accounts often provoked moral outrage. Next
Which of these tenets was NOT part of the Nine Power Treaty?
Maintain European colonies as they existed after WWI
Which of the following best describes American imperialism in Latin America and the Caribbean?
Manipulating events in sovereign nations.
How did people's lives change during the Great Depression?
Many people lost their homes and had to go to soup kitchens for food.
Who opened the first birth control clinic in Brooklyn, New York in 1916?
Margaret Sanger
What was the United States initiative in post-World War II Western Europe that aimed to promote economic recovery?
Marshall Plan
How did the Social Gospel movement influence the Civil Rights movement?
Martin Luther King, Jr. said that Social Gospel ideas were the foundation for his ministry.
This was a term coined to describe a wave of hysteria that swept the United States in the mid-1950s regarding attempts to minimize the perceived threat of communism?
McCarthyism
Which of the following statements about the Texas district court case of Roe v. Wade is FALSE ?
McCorvey filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court in 1970
Which of the following was NOT a nation in which the U.S. battled communism during the Cold War?
Mexico
The Acronym MAIN, referring to the main causes leading to World War I, stands for _____.
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
U.S. goals to prevent the South Vietnam government from falling to communist forces BEST describes this eventual policy action?
Military intervention in South Vietnam
Which is the correct chronological order, starting with the earliest, of US policy in Latin America?
Monroe Doctrine, Platt Amendment, Roosevelt Corollary
Which of the following is a slogan Reagan would NOT have supported in his 1980 election campaign?
More money to welfare!
Which agreement facilitated trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada?
NAFTA
Which of the following acts by President Dwight D. Eisenhower called for changes to U.S. national curriculum in response to the notion that communist counterparts were outpacing American students?
National Defense Education Act of 1958
How did D.W. Griffith's 1915 movie Birth of a Nation impact the status of African-American civil rights?
Negatively, because it glorified the Ku Klux Klan
How were the 'new' immigrants different from the 'old' immigrants to America?
New immigrants were less likely to be literate and English-speaking, whereas most of the old immigrants came from English-speaking, democratic countries.
How did George W. Bush attempt to achieve education reform?
No Child Left Behind Act
Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Treaty of Versailles?
Non-occupation of Rhineland by Allied troops
After many appeals, the _____ case is where the U.S. Supreme Court finally ruled in favor of the Scottsboro Boys.
Norris vs. Alabama
President Nixon's decision end the government payments of $35 for an ounce of gold led to which of the following IMMEDIATE outcomes?
OPEC considerably raised oil prices in 1973
The rise in inflation and unemployment, congressional rations on gasoline purchase, and the increase in prices of consumer goods derived from oil are ALL associated with which of the following?
OPEC oil embargo of the 1970s
Which of the following statements appropriately relates Manifest Destiny to American imperialism?
Once Americans had accomplished the goal of westward expansion, they had to find other ways of showing their strength through imperialism.
What was the 2001 war in Afghanistan called?
Operation Enduring Freedom
Which military tactics did President Nixon employ against North Vietnam and its adherents?
Operation Linebacker II
Why did the United States resort to sending ground troops to the conflict in Vietnam in 1965?
Operation Rolling Thunder, their bombing campaign, proved ineffective in turning back the North Vietnamese.
What was the mission of the Mann Act of 1910?
Outlawed the interstate and international transportation of women for immoral purposes.
Which terms best describe urban life in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
Overcrowded, Dirty, Segregated and Exciting
What action by President Ford was viewed as extremely unpopular in the United States?
Pardon of Nixon.
What was the agreement that ended the war between the United States and North Vietnam?
Paris Peace Accords
Which of the following was associated with struggling families in urban settings during the Great Depression?
Participating in food riots
Which of the following was NOT a contributor to the Great Depression?
Passage of national labor compensation laws
What was the significance of General George Patton writing, 'Dear Ike: Today I spat in the Seine?'
Patton was explaining that Allied troops had liberated Paris.
Which of the following contributed to the crash of the stock market in October of 1929?
People frantically selling their stock on the New York Exchange.
How did the increase in advertisement impact consumerism in the 1920s?
People had more money to spend and improved advertisement had a positive impact on their increased spending.
What Supreme Court case ruled that segregation was legal, so long as each race was provided for equally?
Plessy vs. Ferguson
How are political machines different from political parties?
Political machines focus on one the maintenance of the power of an elite group rather than having a platform of issues.
Which of the following items BEST describes late 19th to early 20th century (1870-1900) urbanization patterns in the United States?
Politicians began to leverage population growth in Northeastern cities to establish political dominance.
Which of the following is an accurate description of politics in the late 19th century?
Politicians did not pursue very ambitious policies.
How does horizontal integration differ from pools?
Pools are a method that focuses on cooperation between companies, while horizontal integration works on a more aggressive approach of eliminating competition.
All of the following were anticipated effects of the post-World War II Truman Doctrine, EXCEPT which item?
Preemptive military action in regions where communism did not exist
The Americans with Disabilities Act, Civil Rights Act of 1991, and the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act are significant pieces of legislation associated with the efforts of which U.S. president?
President George H.W. Bush (41st President)
All of the following events were exploited by yellow journalists in an effort to drive the U.S. toward war with Spain, EXCEPT:
President McKinley's letter to Spain suggesting an armistice
Which American president was credited with helping to curb the United States' energy issue as well as lowering inflation and unemployment?
President Reagan
How did President Washington's vision of America compare to that of the time of Manifest Destiny?
President Washington opposed foreign interventions that were increasing in popularity in that period.
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the 19th Amendment granting American women the right to vote in 1920?
President Wilson celebrated its passage as one of the earliest supporters of the suffrage movement.
What political organization favored factory inspections, workmen's compensation, and child labor laws?
Progressive Movement
Which political party took the viewpoint that government should take an active role in trying to limit or eliminate human suffering and inequality?
Progressive Movement
Which of the following led to an increase in organized crime in the 1920s?
Prohibition
All of the following were characteristic of 1960s countercultural movements EXCEPT _____.
Providing monetary support for military efforts in Vietnam
What indirectly led to passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
Public reaction to Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle
How was the railroad both an asset and a detriment to the frontier?
Railroads connected the frontier to the East, but it ended the cowboy life and brought controlling corporations.
Which presidential administration was involved in a mid-1980s political scandal that alleged top officials were selling weapons to Iran and funneling proceeds to fund Nicaraguan revolutionaries?
Reagan administration
What ultimately brought the successes of the first New Deal and the second New Deal to a halt?
Recession in 1937.
The Native American rights movement of the 1960's is known as _____.
Red Power
What was the name given to former Confederates who seized local and state offices in the South?
Redeemers
All of the following are U.S. responses to the Russian satellite launch of Sputnik in 1957, EXCEPT?
Reduced funding for space exploration
What was the Republicans' response when George H.W. Bush signed the Civil Rights Act of 1991?
Republicans believed the law set an unfair precedent by favoring minorities and women
Which of the following descriptions BEST characterizes the Watergate scandal that first began to gain national attention in 1972?
Resulted from an attempt by political operatives to plant surveillance devices at the Democratic National Party headquarters in Washington, D.C.
Warren Harding ran for president in 1920, promising a return to 'normalcy'. Harding's 'normal' America can be best described as:
Returning America to the way things were prior to World War I.
What 1970s era landmark U.S. Supreme Court ruling established that the constitutional right to privacy extended to a woman's right to have an abortion?
Roe v. Wade
The policy platform for this presidential candidate was based upon limited government intervention and laissez faire politics, which ushered in a new wave of economic and political conservatism in the U.S.?
Ronald Reagan's presidential campaign in 1980
George W. Bush refused to accept congressional subpoenas and issued executive orders in order to do so. These actions are most comparable with _____.
Ronald Reagan, because like the Iran-Contra affair there were allegations, but insufficient evidence to back it up
How did Roosevelt's viewpoint on production differ from those who came before him?
Roosevelt wanted to restrict production in hopes that it would increase supply and demand.
The Yalta Conference was an early 1945 meeting of these three leaders, and dealt with planning the future of Europe post World War II, and how Germany would be divided following the war.
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
What is true about the Rough Riders and the Buffalo Soldiers?
Rough Riders were led by Theodore Roosevelt, and the Buffalo Soldiers were originally African Americans.
A court proceeding that brought to light the intolerance of many Americans toward minority and opposing political groups was the _____.
Sacco and Vanzetti Case
Which of the following was NOT a promise of the Obama 2008 presidential campaign?
Same-sex marriage
The famous court proceeding that placed the teaching of evolution in the public schools on trial was the _____.
Scopes Monkey Trial
The _____ was characterized by programs that changed the emphasis to helping the elderly and the poor.
Second New Deal
What did the decision in 'Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, 1954' argue?
Segregation violated the equal protection clause of the Constitution.
Which of the following actions is Japan NOT allowed to do by Article 9 of their constitution?
Settle international disputes using war
How did Eleanor Roosevelt impact the African-American population?
She campaigned for their civil rights.
What did Rosa Parks do?
She challenged segregation on public transport.
What was Carrie Chapman Catt's role in the women's suffrage movement?
She proposed organization at the local levels and promoted women's suffrage state by state.
Why did Rachel Carson write 'Silent Spring'?
She wanted to raise awareness about pesticides in water sources.
Why was Ida Tarbell considered an influential muckraker?
She was responsible for revealing abuses of the Standard Oil Trust in 1904.
Why did people go to speakeasies in the 1920s?
Since alcohol was prohibited, people drank in these illegal bars.
Which of the following statements regarding the situation of African Americans in the Reconstruction is true?
Slavery was abolished permanently.
How does Social Darwinism impact imperialism?
Social Darwinists believed that certain races and nations were destined by their superiority to dominate what they considered the inferior races or nations.
How did Social Darwinism differ from Reform Darwinism?
Social Darwinists felt that rich people were simply more 'fit' than poor people, while Reform Darwinists felt that it was the rich man's duty to help the less fit, poor man.
Encouraging elderly individuals to retire by offering a financial incentive was the purpose for the _____.
Social Security Act
Which of the following issues led to the rise of the student movement of the 1960s?
Social injustice and the conformist culture of the 1950s
The U.S. Cold War era communist containment doctrine directed towards this post-World War II power anticipated that given enough time, its communist system would eventually dissipate without the need for direct military combat?
Soviet Union
Ronald Reagan's economic policy that suggested tax cuts for most Americans would promote greater spending and stimulate the economy is best known as which of the following items?
Supply-side economics
What Supreme Court decision originally nullified the idea of 'separate, but equal'?
Sweatt v. Painter, 1950
What was a key reason why Wilson won the 1912 presidential election?
Taft and Roosevelt split the former Republican vote.
Which of the following was NOT a component of Eisenhower's New Look policy in relation to the Cold War?
Taking a non-aggressive stance by deescalating tensions with potential communist aggressors
Which of the following was an outcome of Clinton's economic policy during his second term?
Taxes were lowered and the economy grew
Why did the Second Industrial Revolution take place?
Technological advancement, ample supply of raw materials, and supportive government policies.
Which of the following was NOT a remedy President Hoover used to solve the Great Depression?
Tennessee Valley Authority Act
Which event tarnished the accomplishments of Obama's first term foreign policy?
Terrorist attack on the United States embassy compound in Benghazi, Libya
This event was launched on the Vietnamese New Year by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong against major cities in South Vietnam, and one of the largest campaigns of the Vietnam War?
Tet Offensive
What was the conclusion of the Nye Committee?
That WWI was fought for financial reasons and the U.S. should stay out of future foreign wars.
Why was Gen MacArthurs abandonment of the Philippines significant?
The 'Gateway to Asia' was now in the hands of the enemy.
Which of the following officially ended slavery in the United States?
The 13th Amendment
Which of the Reconstruction Amendments remains controversial to this day, with constant calls for its revisal?
The 14th Amendment
Which of the following allowed for the public to elect US Senators directly?
The 17th Amendment
Why did workers protest against General Motors Company in 1937?
The 1937 General Motors protest was a labor strike over wages and unfair labor practices.
Why were the British NOT entirely satisfied with the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in World War I?
The AEF built up the morale of allied forces, and served as back ups for the allied forces, while the British wanted the AEF to replace their men on the field.
How did the American Federation of Labor (AFL) differ to the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)?
The AFL believed in working within the existing system, while the IWW called for open class warfare.
Which legislation proposed by Barack Obama required Americans to have insurance?
The Affordable Healthcare Act
What was Operation Overlord?
The Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied Western Europe.
Which act was passed by President Barack Obama in 2009 to stabilize the American economy?
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Why did the Tet Offensive cause a decline in the American public's confidence in the Vietnam War and the Johnson administration?
The American public believed the U.S. was winning the war, but news footage of the Tet Offensive proved otherwise
Which of the following resulted from World War I?
The Austro-Hungarian and German empires ceased to exist.
Which of the following items is NOT associated with the Vietnam War?
The Battle of Inchon
Which of the following battles was the most significant U.S. defeat in the Indian Wars?
The Battle of Little Bighorn
Which of the following is an important difference between the Beats of the 1950s and the Hippies of the 1960s?
The Beats withdrew into small communities, while the Hippies tended to voice their political opinions publicly
How did activities in Berlin in 1961 affect the Cold War?
The Berlin Wall was erected that year and it became the most prominent symbol of Cold War tensions.
Which of these groups had the goal of receiving early payment of promised veterans' benefits?
The Bonus Army
How is the War in Iraq similar/different to the War in Afghanistan?
The Bush administration won short-term victories in both countries, but it failed to develop a long-term strategy which led to lengthy insurgency in both countries.
Which sentence effectively describes America's relationship with Chinese immigrants in the late 1800s?
The Chinese were welcomed as workers on the transcontinental railroad, but were later the target of discriminatory policies.
The Soviet Union's election of Mikhail Gorbachev, mutual Soviet Union and U.S. arms regulations and inspections agreements, and the withdrawal of the Soviet Union from involvement in Afghanistan all had significant impacts on ending what?
The Cold War
Which of the following events was triggered by the U.S. discovery of delivery of nuclear missiles to Cuba by the Soviet Union?
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviet Union and the United States narrowly avoided a nuclear engagement over which historical event?
The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1960
The U.S. decision to halt shipments of oil and scrap metal to Japan MOST likely influenced what direct response by the Japanese?
The December 7, 1941 attack on U.S. Pearl Harbor naval base
Which of the following amendments prohibited disenfranchisement based on race or color?
The Fifteenth Amendment
Why did Congress repeal the Neutrality Acts?
The Germans sank the U.S.S. Reuben James.
Which purported attack by North Vietnamese patrol boats on U.S. Navy Ships was used to justify an escalation of armed conflict in the Vietnam War?
The Gulf of Tonkin Incident
Increasing levels of tension in Japanese and U.S. relations, coupled with a stalemate in negotiations MOST likely was a precursor to which event?
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
Which of the following stories DID NOT push the U.S. toward war with Spain?
The Jingo
Which novel was a graphic depiction of the Chicago meat-packing industry?
The Jungle
Which new organization used advertising to attract new members during the 1920s?
The Ku Klux Klan
The sinking of which passenger ship was the precipitating event to U.S. entry into World War I?
The Lusitania
Which of the following was the name given to the U.S. project to develop a nuclear bomb?
The Manhattan Project
What became commonly known as the 'Dust Bowl' was located in which region of America?
The Midwest
How did the National Woman's Party (NWP) tactics differ from the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)?
The NWP was viewed as confrontational due to their use of aggressive tactics.
Why did the New Right, which Reagan represented, appeal to the electorate in 1980?
The New Right was a return to right-wing conservative politics, which appealed to many Republicans.
Jewish-owned businesses and homes were vandalized as retribution for the murder of a German citizen by a Jewish individual in which of the following events in Germany?
The Night of Broken Glass
How did the U.S relationship with the Pawnee differ from that of the Apache?
The Pawnee actively cooperated with the U.S., while the Apache led raids on settlers in their lands.
The development of which program is directly associated with President John F. Kennedy?
The Peace Corps
The _____ inserted provisions into Cuba's constitution that would prevent future European intervention into Cuban affairs. It also granted the United States permission to reoccupy the island if Cuban independence was threatened.
The Platt Amendment
What was the term used to describe the fear of communist subversion and where did it begin?
The Red Scare and its origins began in the First World War.
This trial, which resulted in the execution of two Italian immigrants, highlighted a new wave of American nationalism that combined nativism, Anglo-Saxon racism and militant Protestantism:
The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
What was the reason for the conflict regarding the forming of an independent Korea after WWII?
The Soviet Union wanted Korea to be a communist country, but the U.S. wanted Korea to be democratic.
The sinking of the U.S.S. Maine is one of the precipitating events of which of the following?
The Spanish American War
Why was the Northern Securities case of 1904 significant?
The Supreme Court upheld the antitrust suit against the railroad monopoly.
Which of the following amendments abolished slavery forever?
The Thirteenth Amendment
Why was the United States adamant about practicing isolationism prior to entering World War I?
The U.S. economy was prospering and industry was growing.
The attack on the U.S. fleet at Pearl Harbor in 1941 directly led to which of the following U.S. decisions?
The U.S. entering World War II
Which of the following is true concerning the involvement of the United States, at least initially, in fighting World War II?
The U.S. was not involved directly, but instead supported allies with ammunition and weapons under the Cash and Carry program.
President Woodrow Wilson was a fervent supporter of American neutrality. Why?
The U.S. was physically isolated from Europe and its conflicts.
Which of the following was an effect of the Roosevelt Corollary?
The U.S. would intervene with its military if a European nation intervened in Latin America.
Which of the following corporations is famous for building a transcontinental railroad across the United States territory?
The Union Pacific company and Central Pacific company
Why was the United States more likely to enter the war on the side of the Allied Powers?
The United States already invested a lot of money and equipment with the Allied Powers, mostly to Britain, and had a financial stake in ensuring their victory.
Summarize the civil rights incidents that led to Mario Savio founding the Free Speech Movement.
The University of California, Berkeley administration refused to allow the recruitment of civil rights movement supporters on campus and arrested students who did so.
Which of the following describes the correlation between the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
The Voting Rights Act followed the legacy of the Civil Rights Act by prohibiting literacy tests for voters
This landmark piece of legislation officially prohibited voter discrimination by preventing polling stations from issuing literacy tests prior to voting.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965.
The arrest of five men in the national Democratic Party headquarters alleged to have tried to install secret surveillance devices catapulted which early-mid 1970s political scandal into the public spotlight?
The Watergate scandal
Analyze how the 'Weathermen' student movement organization differed from the Students for a Democratic Society student movement.
The Weatherman applied radical means to achieve its goals while the Students for a Democratic Society applied peaceful means.
How were the Yippies different from the Hippies?
The Yippies were a more organized political movement.
On what issue did Stalin NOT see eye to eye with the leaders of the U.S. and Great Britain?
The annexation of Poland
What is the current status of relations between North and South Korea?
The armistice of 1953 is still valid, but no peace treaty has ever been signed.
Which of the following was the primary catalyst for the hostilities that began World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Which of the following is NOT true about the Scottsboro Trials?
The boys were guilty of the charged crimes.
During the 2008 Democratic Primary, what new strategy did the Obama campaign employ to get out his message of 'hope and change' to his supporters?
The campaign used social media
The conflict in Vietnam is comparable to which of the following conflicts?
The conflict in Syria, because both are proxy wars
How did the views of radical feminists differ from that of the conservative movement?
The conservative movement believed in maintaining the status quo, while the radical feminists believed that all institutions created by men were oppressive.
How were early manufacturing industries different from those in the Second Industrial Revolution?
The early manufacturing industries had to use skilled weavers to operate power looms, while factories during the Second Industrial Revolution increasingly relied on machines.
Why were the 1920s referred to as the Roaring Twenties?
The economy was prosperous, consumer culture was prevalent, and the stock market was successful.
Which of the following can be seen as an impact of the assassination of Martin Luther King?
The effectiveness of non-violent protest began to wear off.
Which of the following positions did Eugene Debs, a candidate in the 1912 election, favor?
The elimination of tariffs
The U.S. decision to use nuclear weapons against Japan is BEST associated with which of the following outcomes?
The end of World War II
How did the Red Scare affect the lives of everyday Americans?
The fear of communist subversion caused them to reevaluate their daily interactions.
Which was an effect of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
The federal government had the power to break up corporate trusts to promote competition but it rarely did.
In February 1945, the Allies fire-bombed the German city of Dresden. Although controversial, the destruction of the city played an important role in the Allied war effort. Why?
The fire-bombing of Dresden contributed to the defeat of Germany.
How did Frederick Jackson Turner believe the frontier impacted American society?
The frontier helped spread the value of democracy.
Which was NOT a goal of the Populist movement?
The gold standard
Which of the following was a consequence of the development of a railway system in the West?
The growth of cattle industry
How did the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire of 1911 impact the rights of workers?
The health and safety standard for factory workers increased significantly.
How did public support in the United States for the conflict in Vietnam collapse?
The horrors of combat during the Tet Offensive were aired to the American public nightly, turning many against the war.
Which of the following descriptions is TRUE about the Pentagon Papers?
The intelligence team assembled to stop the leak of this information was called the 'plumbers'
Which of the following events did NOT influence the U.S. to get involved in WWI?
The invention of the U-boat
What was Operation Torch?
The liberation of French colonies in North Africa.
How did Vietnamization fit into the Nixon Doctrine?
The main thesis of the Nixon Doctrine was that every nation should fight for themselves, although the United States would aid its allies.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding sport and leisure activities during the Second Industrial Revolution?
The most popular spectator sport in America at the turn of the 20th century was basketball.
Which of the following can be considered a significant event in post-World War II Asia?
The partition of Korea
Although the United States insisted on remaining neutral, congressional implementation of the first peacetime draft in U.S. history shortly followed which of the following?
The passing of the Lend-Lease Act by Congress
What was the outcome of Clinton's campaign promise to allow homosexuals to serve openly in the U.S. Armed Forces?
The policy failed but resulted in an unpopular compromise as the 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' law
Which of the following best defines nativism?
The preference for US-born inhabitants over other US inhabitants that were born in a foreign country.
How did the culture of the late 1940s and 1950s change the role of women?
The role of women in society shifted back to a more traditional one where they raised children and performed domestic tasks.
In addition to the federal debt, what other economic issue plagued the George H.W. Bush administration?
The savings and loan collapse
Which of the following is true about the first New Deal, and the second New Deal?
The second New Deal represented a retreat from the first New Deal.
How did the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s compare to the first Ku Klux Klan?
The second focused more on changes to the entire nation's changing morals rather than focusing on African Americans and the South.
Which of these was NOT a reason that Democrats lost seats in the 1994 mid-term elections?
The shut-down of the federal government.
The Great Depression of 1929-1941 began when:
The stock market crashed in Oct. 1929.
How did President Kennedy's flexible response notion of foreign policy impact the containment policy?
The strategy of flexible response allowed for the United States to engage communist expansion with armed forces or nuclear weapons in a timely fashion.
How did the student movement change between the years 1960 and 1966?
The students were initially concerned about resolving civil rights, poverty, and campus issues and later about the escalation of the Vietnam war.
What effect did Harding's tax cuts have on the American economy?
The tax cuts allowed the economy to recover from a recession.
The proposed invasion of Afghanistan by George W. Bush was motivated by which event?
The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001
Why was the Battle of Midway so pivotal to the war in the Pacific?
The victory at Midway included the sinking of many important Japanese ships putting them on the defensive for the rest of the war.
Federal child labor laws, expansion of labor unions, and anti-trust legislation is MOST closely associated with the policy ideals of which early 20th century president?
Theodore Roosevelt
Which American President banned Christmas trees from the White House in order to conserve and protect national resources?
Theodore Roosevelt
In reality, prohibition was unsuccessful in the 1920s because:
There was a stronger than anticipated resistance to the 18th Amendment, and not enough funds to enforce the law.
Why was Al Capone charged with tax evasion, as opposed to other crimes?
There was not much evidence on other crimes, just tax evasion.
How was Détente an important factor in Nixon's time in office?
There were decreased tensions and a period of warm relations between the Cold War powerhouses.
Which of the following is true of the working condition during the Gilded Age?
There were few laws regarding wages or conditions.
How did the drastic increase in U.S. army recruits during World War I affect the U.S. military?
There were not enough supplies or space for the soldiers to train and sleep.
How did the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the National Recovery Administration (NRA) affect the economy?
These acts started out with the best of intentions but then began to struggle to result in fewer people working and fewer products being produced.
Why are the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments referred to as the Reconstruction Amendments?
These amendments were aimed at fixing a broken, post-Civil War nation.
Why was the era of Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover referred to as the New Era?
These republican candidates wanted to return control to big business and reduce taxes for the wealthy.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Knights of Labor?
They actively worked to bring down the government.
How are the Elkins Act (1903) and the Hepburn Act (1906) comparable?
They aimed to regulate the railroad industry.
How did Congress respond when Clinton refused to accept their budget proposal?
They allowed a government shutdown, but eventually gave up as they faced rising public opposition.
After the fall of France, how did Germany try to defeat England?
They began a bombing campaign, named the Blitz, to try and weaken British forces and strength.
Some early feminists opposed passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) because:
They believed the ERA could potentially hinder gains that already addressed the rights of women in the workforce.
How were the Brown Power and the Red Power movements similar?
They both campaigned for the integration of cultures that weren't part of mainstream society.
How were Perot's and Clinton's campaigns similar?
They both understood that the key issue of the election was economics
How did the approach to ensuring African-American rights of Booker T. Washington differ to that of Ida B. Wells?
They both worked towards raising the standard of African-American rights, but Wells used fiercer rhetoric, while Washington advocated a 'don't rock the boat' approach.
What was the key idea of Madison Grant and the Eugenics Movement in the early 20th century?
They claimed White, Anglo-Saxon, Nordic superiority was based in their genetics.
Why did the US fail to win a swift victory against North Korea?
They had difficulties with strategy and the terrain.
How did the reaction of the Supreme Court differ to the reaction of the labour movement in response to the New Deal?
They had the same initial reaction in opposing the New Deal.
How did many celebrities, such as Charlie Chaplin, contribute to the American war effort during World War I?
They helped promote bonds that helped America fund the war, known as Liberty Bonds.
How did muckrakers like Jacob Riis help bring about urban reform?
They increased public awareness of social problems.
How did the Camp David Accords in 1978 affect international relations?
They marked an end, albeit temporary, to the conflict between Israel and Egypt
How did the period of Reconstruction change the representation of African American men?
They now participated in local and state legislatures, as well as the federal level of government.
How did Congress respond to the desire of the Bush administration to eliminate the alleged supply of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in Iraq?
They overwhelmingly passed a bill that gave the Bush administration free reign in case Iraq refused to surrender its WMD.
Which of the following proposals was an idea of the Populist Party and is currently a part of the system of government in the United States?
They proposed popular election of senators, rather than having them selected by each state's legislature.
How are the Southern Manifesto, the resurrection of the Ku Klux Klan and birth of the White Citizens' Council connected?
They provide evidence of a strong racist response to the Civil Rights movements of the 1950s.
What was the biggest change made by the Democrat-controlled House of Representatives in 1874?
They stopped funding Reconstruction legislation.
What approach to prohibition did the leading temperance organizations use in the early 20th century?
They stopped trying to change individuals and started campaigning for a legal ban on alcohol
What is true of the Boxers in China?
They used their martial arts skills to fight the foreign powers.
Why was the Native American protest on July 4, 1971, at Mount Rushmore significant?
They wanted to display their negative feelings about American independence and its leaders.
France and Great Britain both shared this commonality during World War II:
They were both part of the Allies
What was the fate of the Chinese immigrants after the completion of the railroad?
They were denied citizenship
As A. Mitchell Palmer and his agents rounded up and deported suspected radicals, which basic rights of due process were ignored?
They were denied hearings and arrested without warrants.
Why were students who sought societal change called the 'New Left'?
They were different from the 'Old Left', who were satisfied with the status quo.
What was the Germans' response to the Treaty of Versailles?
They were horrified.
Who were the 'Reds' and why were they feared in the United States?
They were members of the left and were feared because some worried that a revolution similar to the one Russia experienced in World War I might happen.
Which statement explains the migration of the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s?
They were more localized in the midwest with Indiana having a larger population.
What were the Yippies protesting about during the 1968 Democratic National Convention?
They were protesting against the war in Vietnam
Why were the cases of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti controversial?
They were sentenced to death for murder and robbery, but many believe they were executed for their political ideas.
Which of the following statements about Native American reservations is true?
They were taken over by white settlers if the land was desirable to them.
How were women involved in World War II?
They worked in the defense industry during WWII.
Why did Japan conduct a secret attack on Peal Harbor
This sneak attack was meant to cripple the U.S. naval fleet and keep them from stopping Japan's control of the Pacific during World War II.
Why did Hitler title his plan the 'Final Solution'?
This was the last step of Hitler's strategy where he planned to rid all of Europe of Jews.
How did the federal government collect most of its revenue in the late 1800s?
Through tariffs and excise taxes.
Samuel was a slave who worked for a cotton farmer on a plantation in southern Alabama before the Civil War. Samuel was granted freedom, citizenship, and the right to vote during Reconstruction. How could his 15th Amendment rights be worked around?
Through things such as literacy tests and poll taxes.
Why did Johnson pass the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
To ban the use of literacy tests prior to voting.
Why was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization established?
To collectively fight against the threat of communism
Why did President George W. Bush pass the Medicare Modernization Act?
To control the costs of drugs for the elderly
Why did Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Chiang Kai-shek meet in Cairo in 1943?
To discuss the future of Japan
Why did the US fight in the Spanish-American war?
To expand American influence abroad.
Which was one of President Clinton's foreign policy goals?
To expand free-market democracy
What was the general goal of the initiative, referendum, and recall measures first proposed in the early 1900s by Populists such as William Jennings Bryan?
To give more power to the voters.
What was the purpose of the League of Nations?
To help prevent future wars
Why did Eisenhower pass the National Defense Education Act of 1958?
To increase science and math curricula in the U.S. in order to keep up with communist counterparts
What was the main goal of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
To outlaw segregation and racial discrimination
Why was the 13th Amendment enacted?
To outlaw slavery
Why were building codes used in New York during the 1890s?
To prevent fire spread through buildings in minutes. Next
Why did Bush campaign for a New World Order?
To provide collective security within the international arena.
Why did President Theodore Roosevelt establish the Department of Commerce and Labor?
To regulate business
What was the main goal of Reconstruction?
To restore Southern government, infrastructure, society and economy
Which is NOT a theme associated with 1920s urban culture?
Traditionalism
Which of the following was NOT promoted by beatniks?
Traditionalism
Which of the following was NOT part of Clinton's war on drugs?
Treatment programs for offenders
The diplomatic policy strategy implemented by President Nixon to attempt to bring China, the Soviet Union, and the United States together was known as what?
Triangular diplomacy
How did the impact of Mark Twain differ to the 1915 silent movie, The Birth of a Nation?
Twain's work was a satire of people and places in the antebellum South, while The Birth of a Nation provided ample justification for the Ku Klux Klan.
The first woman was appointed to this prestigious U.S. judicial branch position in 1981 by President Ronald Reagan?
U.S. Supreme Court
What greatly handicapped Lyndon Johnson's presidency and administration?
U.S. involvement in Vietnam.
Ronald Reagan's foreign policy centered upon the expansion of which item to counter the Soviet Union's growth in influence?
U.S. military forces
The government of Afghanistan providing shelter to terrorist groups who were planning to attack the U.S. was justification for _____.
U.S. military incursions in Afghanistan
What is FALSE about post World War II period?
US continued to threaten Japan with atomic bombs.
Which best describes 1920s urban culture?
Urban culture during the 1920s is best described as being modern and indulgent.
How was urban culture different from rural culture in the 1920s?
Urban culture was progressive and modern, while rural culture was still traditional.
Which of these was NOT part of the urban planning reform movements around the turn of the 20th century?
Urban planning in this era dealt with the quality of life in cities for the current and anticipated residents. It did not attempt to address the sources of urban growth.
The 1970s U.S. policy that sought to transfer the Vietnam War efforts to the people of South Vietnam was known as what?
Vietnamization
_____ was a major writer of the Harlem Renaissance and also helped found the NAACP.
W.E.B. Du Bois
Which of the following was caused by the transition from wartime to peacetime economy following WWI?
War contracts were cancelled, leaving many unemployed.
Why was there a baby boom after WWII?
War veterans got married and started families.
How does the view on social issues of Walter Rauschenbusch differ to that of Lester Ward?
Ward approached it from a scientific approach, while Rauschenbusch's approach derived from his interpretation of his faith.
Which of the following was NOT associated with United States post-World War II foreign policy designed to control the spread of communism?
Warsaw Pact
A tax that had to be paid in order to vote:
Was known as the poll tax
As a response to the Great Depression, a massive expansion in military spending:
Was not a part of President Roosevelt's plan
The Marshall Plan was implemented by the United States in the post-World War II era to aid whom in an economic recovery?
Western Europe
The Marshall Plan was implemented by the United States in the post-World War II era to aid whom in economic recovery?
Western Europe
Which of the following best defines imperialism?
When a nation works to expand its power and influence over another nation through military conquest, or political diplomacy, or both.
In the 1920's preceding the Stock Market Crash, installment payments and credit were:
Widely used by all social classes
How do Woodrow Wilson's views differ from those of Theodore Roosevelt?
Wilson initially thought differently of the direction of Progressivism, though he later advocated many of his ideas.
Who popularized the term 'Iron Curtain' as a reference to the Soviet-backed states in Eastern Europe?
Winston Churchill
How did carpetbaggers harm the Reconstruction Period?
With damage caused by their greed and corruption
All of the following are ways in which women's clubs contributed to the women's suffrage movement EXCEPT:
Women united across all social classes to eliminate the idea of 'separate spheres' of influence for men and women.
How did the role of women differ in the 1980s than in years prior?
Women were beginning to get an education and open their own businesses.
Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935, the 1936 joint signing of a military alliance by Germany and Italy, and Japan's invasions of China, including Shanghai, and withdrawal from the League of Nations were antecedents of which major conflict?
World War II
Movements like the Hippies stood against the American values established in the decade that followed _____.
World War II
William Randolf Hearst and other newspaper publishers of the early 20th Century deployed this type of sensational journalism in order to sway American political leaders and sell more papers:
Yellow Journalism
Massive clouds of dirt and debris, or the Dust Bowl, had the most significant impact on _____.
a 30-year-old farmer from a Midwest state
The Open Door Policy was _____.
an agreement between foreign powers that stated, no one nation would gain sole rights to China
Since Americans had more leisure time and money available to spend in the 1920s they _____.
became large purchasers of consumer goods
Sweatt v. Painter, Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka and the Civil Rights Act of 1957 were all important decisions for _____.
civil rights in 1950s America
The Harlem Renaissance _____.
expressed the uniqueness of African-American culture
The incident at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory led to the _____.
fire safety regulations
In 1998, Bill Clinton was impeached and then _____.
found not guilty of the offenses
Which of the following amendments granted citizenship, due process and equal legal protection to anyone born in the United States?
fourteenth
A large criminal underworld arose in the 1920s to supply Americans with _____.
illicit alcohol
The alliance system was a contributing factor to the outbreak of war in 1914 because
it emboldened nations to engage in aggressive diplomacy, and then, when their actions caused open conflict, their allies were dragged into it.
Henry Ford is best known for the Model T Ford which _____.
made owning an automobile affordable to the masses of middle class Americans
The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a _____ crusade, assailing Jews, blacks and more significantly, immigrants.
nativist
The freedom rides, marches and sit-ins of the 1960s were forms of _____.
nonviolent protest
Langston Hughes was best known for his _____.
poetry
Although President Harding saw his fair share of mishaps while in office, he can be given credit for
setting up America for future financial prosperity.
The No Child Left Behind Act tied school funding to _____.
standardized test results
This technological development created an entirely new, mobile way of life, and led to a shift in demographics as families move further away from urban centers.
the automobile
Radical feminism's ultimate goal was _____.
the complete reversal of the social hierarchy where women would be above men
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was _____.
the crown prince of Austria Hungary
Social Darwinism tried to excuse _____.
the lack of basic worker protections by the federal government
The Black Panther Party was formed by a split from _____.
the non-violent Civil Rights Movement
An issue in the Scope's Trial of 1925 was _____.
the teaching of evolution in public schools
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was in Memphis at the time of his assassination _____.
to support black sanitation workers on strike
The Bush Doctrine included a specific clause that allowed for _____.
unilateral preventative war
The Night of the Broken Glass, also known as Kristallnacht, was a night _____.
where Jewish-owned businesses, homes and synagogues were destroyed