History-Ancient india and china

Ace your homework & exams now with Quizwiz!

Monsoon cons

Daily downpours Deadly floods

Why is it said that Shi Huangdi established a legalist government

He centralized power with the help of legalist advisers

How did Confucius become a teacher

He didn't have a permanent position as an adviser

What measures did Shi Huangdi take in regards to noble families?

He forced them to live in his capital at Xianyang and he divided their lands among the peasants

How did asoka's conversion to Buddhism determine his rulership

He ruled by moral example

How did Confucius prepare for this job

He studied ancient texts

What did the Chinese believe about the king

He was the link between the people and the supreme god

Vaisyas

Herders, farmers, merchants Those who produce goods

What were the socio-economic conditions of his family

His family was noble but poor

Who is contemporary to Confucius who is living in the vicinity of Nepal

His students

Worship of dead ancestors

Honoring ancestors' spirits by offering sacrifices of food and other necessities

What did Shang di control

Human destiny and forces of nature

Relationship between Hinduism and the caste system

In the caste system if you are reincarnated you are what you were before you were reincarnated

How do subcontinents, plateaus, and plains relate to india

Indian subcontinent Deccan plateau Gangetic plain

How were oracle bones used as divination tools

Inscribed questions A particular ritual by a diviner Cracks were read by someone with power

What allowed the production of better tools

Iron

What products did Wudi impose during government monopoly

Iron and salt

Describe chinese copper coins produced by the zhou dynasty

Made with holes in the center

Geographical conditions of india

Mountains, plateus and plains

Fall of Indus Civilization

Multiple floods Possible earthquakes Deforestation

What were the rulers in ancient china called

Son of heaven

What measures did Shi Huangdi use to unify china

Standardized weights and measures Scholars created uniformity in chinese writing Workers repaired and extended roads and canals

What is an example of Daoism

Staying in harmony with nature is the key to successful life

How did ancient Chinese people perceive the outsider nomadic invaders that they encountered

They were absorbed into the advanced Chinese civilization

Four facts of the Indus Valley civilization

They were farmers They were merchants and traders Polytheistic They developed their own system of writing

According to Confucius, what was a ruler's responsibility

To provide good government They should be educated and virtuous

Silk road

Trade routes that would link China and the west for centuries

How did learning flourish in the Gupta empire

Universities attracted students from many parts of asia Advances in mathematics included the system of numerals that we use today Prosperity in arts and learning

Dalits

Untouchables

Why did Daoist painters choose water to represent Daoist beliefs?

Water was a symbol of nature and the virtue of yielding

According to Confucius, what would lead to harmony and good unfolding of a society

When people accepted their place in society

What phase of the worm cycle produces the silk

When they make their cocoon

Who in ancient china's society did the most labour intensive work of silk making

Women

Why was dowry important to women's status in Gupta india

Women had a higher status in early aryan society than they did now

Which state did he rule by 220 B.C.?

Zhou China

Plain

a large area of flat land

What aspect of Confucianism contributed to its long-lasting influence

its philosophy of ensuring social order and good government

Warlords

local military rulers They toppled the last Han dynasty

Aryans

noble ones

Ahimsa

nonviolence

Dowry

payment to the bridegroom

Pictographs

picture symbols

Plateau

raised area of level land

Terracotta

reddish-brown clay

Eightfold path

right views, right aspirations, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right contemplation

Who is Shi Huangdi

ruler of the Qin dynasty

Where does silk come from?

silk worms

Atman

soul

Shang di

supreme god

Acculturation

the blending of two or more cultures

Kshatriyas

warriors Those who accumulate power

monsoon pros

Shaped Indian life Bring rains to fertilize crops

How does acculturation relate to the aryan civilization

They intermarried with other groups

Why was the aryan civilization also known as the Vedic age

They used vedas

What were the officials' responsibilities

To check on local officials and tax collectors

What did Daoists seek to do

To live in harmony with nature

The people of ancient china prayed...

To many gods and nature spirits

Four noble truths

1) All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow. 2) The cause of suffering is nonvirtue, or negative deeds and mindsets such as hated and desire. 3) The only cure for suffering is to overcome nonvirture. 4) The way to overcome nonvirtue is to follow the Eightfold Path

How long did it take for Shi Huangdi to conquering the states that were at war with each other

20 years

When was Confucius born

551 BC

What was the Shang dynasty governed by

A king who controlled a small area and relied on nobles and princes to govern their areas

Subcontinent

A large landmass that juts out from a continent

Whom did Confucius want to work for

A local ruler

Meditation

A person can achieve enlightenment

Civil service exam

A test to find the most qualified officials

Three achievements made during the Han period

Advances in science and medicine Advances in technology Advances in artwork

Why did chinese writing provide unity

All of china used the same form of writing

What is an example of Confucianism

All people should live according to the roles and responsibilities outlined in the five key relationships

How did evidence found in Harappa and mohenjo-Daro help archeologists construct information of the Indus Valley civilization

Archeologists have concluded that Indus Valley cities were planned by a well-organized government

What causes a dynasty to lose the Mandate of Heaven

Bad things happening

Beliefs of hinduism

Brahma (the universal soul), Sacred Vedas, karma (transferability of the soul), reincarnation, souls move up or down depending upon an individual's behavior in the present life, caste system

Different social groups of india (Varna's)

Brahmins Kshatriyas Vaisyas Sudras Dalits

Brother/brother

Brotherliness

What physical features acted as obstacles to outside contact with china

Brutal deserts High mountain ranges Thick rainforests

How to reach Nirvana

By following the Eightfold Path

What is the name the chinese writing turned into an art for receive

Calligraphy

What were the copper coins' benefits

Can be strung on cords

What infrastructures were built during Wudi's reign

Canals and roads They favored the economy

Where did the aryans originate

Central Asia They were nomads

Asoka

Chandragupta's grandson

Wudi

Chinese emperor who brought the Han dynasty to its greatest strength

Who were the officials who helped Wudi in his government responsibilities

Confucian men of "wisdom and virtue"

Who were GAO Zu's advisors

Confucian scholars

Belief state system of the chinese han state

Confucianism

Who was GAO zu

Emperor Liu Bang

Who commissioned the building of the terracotta warriors

Emperor qin shi huangdi

What was Wudi's policy of expansionism

Expanding a country's territory

Friend/friend

Faithfulness

Key relationships according to Confucius

Father/son Ruler/subject Brother/brother Husband/wife Friend/friend

What is the relationship between a feudal local lord and the ruler

Feudal lord exercised the real power and profited from the lands

What type of government did the zhou dynasty develop

Feudalism

Father/son

Filial piety

Siddhartha gautama

Founder of Buddhism

Chandragupta Maurya

Founder of the Mauryan Empire in India; he conquered much of northern India and ruled over parts of Pakistan

Beliefs of Buddhism

Four Noble Truths

Moksha

Freedom from life and death

Where did the aryan civilization develop and what happened there

Ganges basin They became farmers

Han civil service system

Han emperors adopted the idea that civil servants hold gain their positions by merit

What happens when the dragons travel

It creates rain

How does the Mandate of Heaven relate to the dynastic cycle or the rise and fall of dynasties

It explained the dynastic cycle

What happened to china's population during the zhou dynasty

It increased

Why was the Gupta empire referred to as the golden age

It was a period of great cultural achievement Prosperity contributed to a flowering of arts and learning

Why did the Indus Valley civilization develop where it is

It was a very fertile region There was water agriculture was good

In what ways did China's new economy grow during the zhou dynasty

Knowledge of iron New crops Large-scale irrigation works

Sudras

Laborers, servants those who serve

Who is the founder of Daosim

Laozi

How was life for the great majority of the Indians in ancient India

Life revolved around the rules and duties associated with caste, family, and village

Feudalism

Local lords governed their own lands but owed military services

Husband/wife

Love and obedience

What measures surely made Gao Zu popular with the general public

Lowering taxes and eased the Qin emperor's harsh legalist policies

Ruler/subject

Loyalty

What did china's geographic barriers do

Made it difficult for both invaders and traders to make their way to the center of China's emerging civilization

How did the Qin dynasty end?

Once Shi Huangdi died

Where did oracle bones come from

Ox's scapula Turtle's shell

Confucius created a philosophy concerning

Personal growth Social order Good government

Ideographs

Pictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts

Brahmin

Priests Those who learn

Who among ancient china social hierarchy could read and write? Why?

Priests To provide answers or advice from the ancestors

Why were the terracotta warriors built

Qin Shi Huang was obsessed with his mortality

What kind of questions were asked in these oracle bones

Ritualistic things When sacrifices should happen About harvest

Social hierarchy in Shang China

Royal family Warriors Artisans and merchants Peasants

Who were the questions inscribed in the oracle bones directed to

Shang Di

What was Shi Huangdi's greatest achievement

The Great Wall of china Made for their lands to be protected against raiders

How did the Zhou dynasty end

The Zhou rulers were too weak to control the feudal lords

Divination

The ability to know the future of the wish of the gods by supernatural means

Why is the Huang River also called the Yellow River?

The color comes from loess

What is the "mandate of heaven"

The divine right to rule

Patriarchy

The father or oldest male was the head of household

Meritocracy

The government selected those by their ability

What kind of information would the oracle bones provide if you put them together

The history of Shang china

How did peasants benefit from Shi Huangdi's rule

The lands they lived in were divided

Why did the Huang river or yellow river receive the nickname "river of sorrows"

The loess raised the water level which caused floods

Why is it said that in chinese calligraphy "the energy present at the moment of writing is visible in the finished piece

The most beautiful form of the wring is what it represents

What are the red seal found in some chinese documents

The seals of the artists

Which virtue is emphasized by Daoists

The second stage Rulers were obligated to provide for the common people

What is the role of Karma, Dharma, and reincarnation in the process of achieving moksha

The soul is trapped in a state of reincarnation and so must seek freedom to achieve reunification with the god

What did feudal lords construct that benefitted trading

Their own armies and lands

What happens when the dragons fight one another

They create storms

Explain why Shang china probably resembled more the kingdoms of aryan india than the governments of Egyptian pharaohs

They had clans and the aryans had tribes

Rajahs

chiefs led Aryan tribes

Loess

fine windblown yellow soil

What did Shi Huangdi mean

first emperor

Where is the Indus Valley located?

in South Asia, or the Indian subcontinent

Who ruled the military districts created by Shi Huangdi?

Appointed officials

Why might the chinese want to keep the silk-making process a secret

Silk thread or silk woven into magnificent fabrics were key trading items for china

Monsoon

a seasonal wind that is part of the global wind pattern

Filial piety

respect for parents


Related study sets

Section 12: SELEX and RNA evolution in vitro; Riboswitches and Aptamers

View Set

Transfer of Title [Defences to nemo dat]

View Set

Optické vlastnosti koloidních roztoků

View Set

History of Rock and Roll - Exam 2, okstate

View Set

Mean, Median , Mode, and Range definitions

View Set