HIT 225 Test 2

Currently, hospital compare reports on __________ measures of hospital quality of care for heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia, and preventing of surgical infections

139

The _________ uses dashboards on its website to display the degree of performance for each state for several categories of quality indicators

AHRQ

__________________________ are studies where the variable of interest is a rate or proprtion

Attribute

____________ is a not-for-profit organization developed by employers, physicians, healthcare services, researchers and other industry experts. Pay for performance program that rewards high performers

Bridges to excellence

A study where the subjects with an attribute are matched with those without the attribute based on demographics, but the subjects are followed over time

Cohort study

A study where data is collected to generate hypotheses for more formal analytic or experimental studies, since little is known about the variables to be studied

Descriptive studies

____________, developed and maintained by NCQU, is used by health plans to collect data about the quality of care and service they provide

HEDIS

______________ is a healthcare rating organization

HealthGrades

______________ is a program in which Medicare will penalize hospitals for higher-than-expected rates of readmissions

Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program

The CMS plan in which acute care hospitals are reimbursed according to a value-based incentive is called the ________

Hospital value based purchasing program (HVBP)

Groups of experts including consumers, purchasers, health plans, clinicians, providers, supplies, accreditation and certification entities, communities and states, and the federal government that make recommendations on quality indicators to HHS and CMS

Measure Application Partnership (MAP)

______________ is a private, not-for-profit organization dedicated to assessing and reporting on the quality of healthcare plans as well as improving healthcare quality

National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA)

A not-for-profit program organization that provides a framework for the peer-review and endorsement of healthcare quality measures is the _______________

National Quality Forum

This type of sampling involves segmenting the population into mutually exclusive subgroups, then using judgement to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion.

Quota sampling

______________________ is a package of statistical software tools designed to assist the user in selecting random samples and evaluating the audit results.

RAT-STATS

Which of the following quality measurement groups measures the performance of managed care organizations? a. AHRQ b. HEDIS c. Leapfrog Group d. Hospital Compare

a. AHRQ

Dashboards are: a. a graphical display of performance on key metrics b. a statistical inference tool c. a data collection tool d. used to determine root cause of quality issues

a. a graphical display of performance on key metrics

RAT-STATS is: a. a sampling software tool distributed by the OIG b. a procedure in Statistical Analysis System c. a function in the excel toolpak d. a practice dataset for statisticians

a. a sampling software tool distributed by the OIG

A study where the analyst is able to investigate the relationship between variables is called a ___________________________

analytic study

Which of the follow scenarios represents a non-probability sample? a. a sample of 10 selected via random number assignment b. a sample of the first 10 students entering a classroom c. a sample of all the records coded on a randomly selected date d. a sample of the first 10 subjects on a list sorted by the last two digits of their SSN

b. a sample of the first 10 students entering a classroom

Which of these settings is not measured as part of the AHRQ quality dashboards? a. hospitals b. ambulatory care c. physician care d. home healthcare

b. ambulatory care

Which of the follow represents an attribute study? a. estimate the amount of overpayment at a clinic b. estimate the DRG change rate after documentation queries c. estimate the length of stay for the typical CHF patient d. estimate the number of claim denials at a hospital

b. estimate the DRG change rate after documentation queries

How are hospital compare measures used by CMS? a. hospitals that score better than average receive bonus payments b. hospitals that report all measures receive the full payment update c. hospitals that perform poorly must pay a penalty d. hospital payment is not impact by hospital compare indicators

b. hospitals that report all measures receive the full payment update

What impact does increasing the sample size have on precision? a. larger sample size results in a less precise estimate b. large sample sizes result in more precise estimate c. sample size does not impact precision

b. large sample sizes result in a more precise estimate

An analyst is asked to select a random sample from the population of patients that visited a clinic during the last month. The sampling frame is presented to the analyst as a hard copy list. What sampling technique is more appropriate in this situation? a. simple random sample b. systematic sample c. cluster sample d. stratified sample

b. systematic sample

Why is setting and record the random seed important in random number generation? a. all random number generation programs require a seed b. the random numbers will be reproducible c. the sample is not random unless the seed is set d. the random seed is not important in sampling

b. the random numbers will be reproducible

_____________ is a management tool that drives performance and quality improvement by allowing comparison of performance to an established standard

benchmarking

_______________ can benefit an organization by helping to identify weak areas and the potential for improvement

benchmarking

Which of the following quality measurement groups measures physician quality? a. HEDIS b. Hospital Compare c. HealthGrades d. AHRQ

c. HealthGrades

Which of the following quality measurement groups was created by private healthcare purchasers? a. AHRQ b. HEDIS c. Leapfrog group d. Hospital Compare

c. the leapfrog group

A study where the analyst-selected cases are those units of analysis with the attribute to be studied and the controls are those without the attribute

case-control study

A ______________is a mechanism for assessing the degree to which a provider competently and safely delivers clinical services that are appropriate for the patient in the optimal time period

clinical performance

In a ________________________ sample, the total population is divided into groups (clusters) before the sample is selected. Clusters are then randomly selected to make up the sample.

cluster random sample

The degree of certainty that a survey is accurate is called the ___________________________

confidence level

_______________________ is a sampling technique where the selection of units from the population is based on easily availability and/or accessibility

convenience sampling

A type of descriptive study that describes the characteristics of the population under study at a specific point in time is called a ______________________

cross-sectional study

Which of the following is a good source of benchmark data for hospitals? a. USA today b. HEDIS c. NCQA d. Hospital Compare

d. Hospital compare

AHRQ is the: a. agency for healthcare resource and quality b. agency for healthcare reference and quantity c. agency for hospital revenue and quality d. agency for healthcare research and quality

d. agency for healthcare research and quality

What info should be included in a sampling plan? a. universe or population b. random seed c. inclusion and exclusion criteria d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What is the benefit of benchmarking? a. identify areas for improvement b. demonstrate level of performance c. isolate the cause of errors d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What is the first step in a benchmarking project? a. collective comparative data c. collect internal data c. analyze data d. identify the issue to be benchmarked

d. identify the issue to be benchmarked

Which of the following study designs allows the researcher to determine the cause and effect relationship between two variables? a. case-control study b. retrospective study c. cohort study d. randomized control study

d. randomized control study

A listing of all subjects available to be sampled is called: a. sample b. strata c. random number d. sampling frame

d. sampling frame

A random selection of claims within three DRGS represents what type of sample? a. simple random sample b. systematic sample c. cluster sample d. stratified sample

d. stratified sample

A ________________ is a method of presenting data about the key performance indicators of an organization

dashboard report

In a _____________________, both the subject and the researcher administering the treatment are blinded

double blind study

Why is a random seed important?

ensures that the sample is reproducible

_________________________ is a study that allows the determination of cause and effect between two variables

experimental study

_______________ is the type of benchmarking used to assess an organization's competitive position

external benchmarking

CMS presents data for five different settings with value based purchasing programs related medicare payment. These include:

hospital compare physician compare nursing home compare home health compare dialysis compare

_____________ is the type of benchmarking performed by comparing an organization's performance over time

internal benchmarking

In _______________________ sampling, the researcher relies on his or her own judgement to select the subjects based on relevant expertise.

judgement

Analyzing claim histories from a data report is a form of ________________________

judgement sampling

The ________________ is an organization that promotes healthcare safety by giving consumers the info they need to make better-informed choices about the hospitals they choose

leapfrog organization

Can a case control study be used to determine cause and effect?

no

________________________ is not selected at random and may not be used to make inference about the population

non-probability sample

__________________________ is a sampling methodology where members of a sample are deliberately selected for a specified purpose

non-probability sample

What kind of ratio measures the increased odds of a subject contracting a disease or condition when the risk factor is present?

odds ratio

A _____________________________ is the universe of data under investigation from which a sample is taken

population

In _______________________________, each member of a population has a known probability of being selected for the sample

probability sampling

A _______________ is a mechanism that enables the user to quantify the quality of a selected aspects of care by comparing it to a criterion

quality measure

A ______________________ is a preset starting point for a random number generator.

random seed

______________________________ are the most common type of experimental studies that are used to test the effectiveness of new treatment protocols or drug discoveries

randomized clinical trials

____________________ compares the likelihood of an event occurring with those exposed to a factor to those not exposed to a factor

relative risk

The most common type of ______________ used in healthcare quality measures uses the demographics of the patient and sometimes provider-level variables to determine the expected rate of the outcome

risk adjustment

A ___________________________ is a set of units selected for study that represents a population

sample

What is the listing of all of the subjects in the universe or population eligible to be sampled?

sampling frame

A document that includes the definition of the population, any inclusion or exclusion criteria and the sample methodology is called a _____________________________

sampling plan

_____________________ is the process of selecting units from a population so that each one has exactly the same chance of being included in the sample

simple random sampling

In a ________________________, the subject or patient does not know the group assignment

single blind study

The process of selecting the same percentages of subjects for a study sample as they exist in the subgroups (strata) of the population is called ____________________________

stratified random sampling

A date driven investigation into understanding a disease, business process or behavior is referred to as a _______________________

study

The process of selecting a sample of subjects for a study by drawing every nth unit on a list is referred to as ____________________________

systematic random sampling

In a ___________________, the subject, researcher, and data analyst are all blinded as to the treatment group of each subject

triple blind study

The _____________________ is the set of all units that are eligible to be sampled

universe

_______________ programs link provider payments to improved performance

value based purchasing

______________________- are studies where the variable of interest is a quantity measured on an interval or ratio scale

variable