Human Nutrition Chapter 16 Smartbook

The RDA for Vitamin D during pregnancy is ____ ug/day.

15

Low birth weight describes an infant whose birth weight is less than ___ pounds

5.5

Child health professionals recommend that mothers breastfeed their babies exclusively for ______ months.

6

What are the characteristics of the fetus as the second trimester begins?

About 3.5 inches long Weighs about an ounce and a half Very tiny

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ______ are nutrients of concern for women who are pregnant or lactating.

Choline Iron Folate Iodine

Physical activity during pregnancy should be avoided. (T/F)

False

True or false: Women can safely take most medications during pregnancy.

False

True or false: Women who breastfeed have a lower risk for developing ovarian cancer and breast cancer.

True

True or false: Women who smoke during pregnancy are at increase risk of stillbirths, LBW, and preterm newborns.

True

Exposure of high levels of lead during or before pregnancy can lead to

a preterm delivery. a low birth weight infant. miscarriage.

Insufficient iron intake accompanied by an increase in maternal blood volume causes decreased blood hemoglobin levels and results in the condition known as

anemia

The nutrients of importance for women who are pregnant or lactating are ______.

choline folate iron iodine

The yellowish fluid first secreted by a new mother that is rich in protein and other nutrients is

colostrum

Caffeine consumed during pregnancy may

depress the flow of blood in the placenta

The main causes of anemia during pregnancy are

expansion of the mother's blood volume. insufficient dietary iron intake.

What practice of feeding newborn infants became popular in the 1940s?

feeding bottled formula

The capability to reproduce is called

fertility

A pregnant woman's energy requirements are the same as before pregnancy during the ________ trimester of pregnancy.

first

The best way to reduce constipation during pregnancy is to consume adequate amounts of

fluid. fiber.

When a pregnant women is diagnosed with elevated blood pressure for the first time after 20 weeks of gestation, her condition is called

gestational hypertension

Women who gain too much weight during pregnancy are at an increased risk of delivering a ________.

high birth weight infant.

What is the treatment for women who are diagnosed with mild anemia during pregnancy?

iron supplementation

Vitamin D deficiency ________ widespread among women in the US.

is

At present, there _______ conclusive evidence that caffeine consumption during pregnancy contributes to miscarriage.

is no

The production of milk by the mammary gland in breast tissue is called

lactation

An increased risk of miscarriage, preterm delivery, low birthweight and developmental delays can occur after exposure of a pregnant women to which mineral?

lead

Having adequate nutrient stores to support a pregnancy is important before becoming pregnancy because ______.

many women do not realize they are pregnant until 6 to 8 weeks of gestation

To manage diabetes during pregnancy, the mother should eat healthy foods, participate in regular exercise, and

monitor blood glucose levels.

What are indications that an individual is pregnant?

nausea and vomiting breast changes fatigue and sleepiness

The time before pregnancy is the _________ period

preconception

The ___ period encompasses the time from conception, until the birth of a full-term infant

prenatal

The blood pressure of a woman with gestational hypertension usually ______ after the baby is delivered.

returns to normal.

By the beginning of the ______ trimester, the fetus weighs about 1 and a half ounces and is about 3 and a half inches long.

second

Advantages of breastfeeding for the new mother include ______.

shrinking of uterus to pre-pregnancy size

The concept of developmental origins of health and disease means that ______.

the nutritional environment during fetal development affects disease susceptibility later in life

What organ houses and protects the developing fetus during gestation?

uterus

The fat content of human milk ________ among mothers.

varies greatly

Who is at risk for delivering low-birth-weight infants? Multiple choice question. women who gain above the recommended weight women who do not gain the minimum recommended weight women who have had other children women between 20 and 30

women who do not gain the minimum recommended weight

Due to the risk for fetal alcohol syndrome, pregnant women are advised to drink ______ alcoholic drink(s) per day.

zero