hw ch16
Water falling in Illinois would ultimately end up where?
Gulf of Mexico
Which of the following features would you expect to find on the outside bank of a stream meander loop?
a cut bank
What is a floodplain?
a flat surface next to a river channel
What is a meander scar?
a landscape feature formed after an oxbow lake dries up
What are the three types of loads carried by streams?
bed load, suspended load, dissolved load
Complete this analogy: Bouncing is to sand as suspension is to_____________.
clay
Which of the following are part of the bed load?
gravel and sand
Complete this analogy: Sliding is to gravel as dissolution is to_____________.
ions
What type of stream is associated with the formation of an oxbow lake?
meandering stream
How can pieces of rock in contact with a stream bed move?
rolling, sliding, bouncing
What is suspended load?
the fine-grained particles that travel in the water column above the stream bed
Which processes result in the widening of the floodplain of a meandering stream?
undercutting and lateral erosion
What causes meandering streams to downcut and become incised meanders?
uplift of the land the stream is flowing on
Where do deposition and erosion of material occur along a meander?
Deposition occurs on the inside of the meander, whereas erosion occurs on the outside
Match one definition with the appropriate word it defines.
Divide a boundary, usually a hill or mountain, where water will flow in opposite directions on either side Watershed an area in which all water falling in it flows out through one location Tributary a river that feeds into another river Trunk Stream the primary river flowing out of a drainage basin
Below is a list of geographical features. Each one of them is an example of one of the words below. Match one location with the appropriate word it exemplifies.
Divide: Appalachian Mountains Watershed: Missouri River Basin Tributary: Big Horn River Trunk Stream: Mississippi River
Stream terraces form as the result of which of the following processes
Downcutting following the rise of the landscape produces stream terraces.
Which of the following is likely to occur to an incised meander after it reaches equilibrium with its new base level?
The incised meander will cause only minor erosion of the canyon walls.
When the local gradient of a stream changes as it goes from a mountainous area to a large flat-lying area, which of the following features could form?
an alluvial fan
What is the dominant fluvial process in a clear, sediment-poor stream moving down a steep slope?
downcutting
Which of the following statements about drainage basins is FALSE?
Drainage basins only contain one river.
Direction and location of streamflow controlled by primarily geology
Solid bedrock that is a little fractured, and areas of hard rocks interspersed with softer rocks
Arrange the labeled locations in the following figure based on stream power. Pay attention to the stream gradient of the three locations by using the elevation profile as a guide.
c b a
In the diagram below, there are examples of five different landscapes. For each landscape, determine whether you have enough information to tell what type of stream drainage pattern would develop on it. If so, associate the landscape with the correct name of its drainage pattern.
unifrrm bedrock - dendritic pattern volcanic cones- radial pattern highly jointed bedrock -rectangular areas of alternating weak and resistant bedrock - trellis pattern alternating weak and resistant bedrock, solated peaks - indistinct or multiple drainage patterns
The figure below shows a mountain stream that has been dammed. The dam has created an artificial lake into which the mountain stream now flows. Label the diagram to specify which points are below base level, at base level, and above base level for the stream flowing into the artificial lake. Note that the elevation of the landscape from Location B to where the river enters the sea is the same.
(left to right) below ultimate base level ultimate base level local base level above local base level
How does the formation of a natural levee impact flooding?
Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain.
Which of the following statements accurately describe the erosional processes of meanders that are incising and meanders that are in equilibrium?
Meanders in equilibrium erode primarily in a side-to-side manner. Incising meanders erode primarily by downcutting.
How are oxbow lakes formed?
Oxbow lakes form when one meander erodes into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel.
Direction and location of streamflow controlled primarily by slope
Peaks surrounded by valleys, solid igneous bedrocks of uniform composition and slope, and layers of solid sedimentary, similar rock
What is an oxbow lake?
a meander that has been cut off from the original stream channel
What is a natural levee?
a ridge of flood deposits next to a river channel
Match each of the following processes with one of the three zones shown on the figure of a river system.
sediment production sediment transport sediment deposition