In class quiz Ch. 18

Describe a complete blood count.

A complete blood count (CBC) is a diagnostic blood test used to determine underlying medical conditions. A CBC includes the RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, platelet count and WBC differential count (percentage of each white blood cell in a sample).

The normal pH of blood is

slightly alkaline

Each of the following is a way that blood transports materials around the body EXCEPT

carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues.

Platelets are

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells

The ________ is a procedure that is used to determine the number of each of the various types of white blood cells.

differential cell count

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone ________ which is mostly produced in the ________.

erythropoietin; kidneys

Platelets are pinched off from giant multi-nucleated cells in the bone marrow called ____________.

megakaryocytes

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by _____________.

the liver

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because __________.

their blood lacks A or B antibodies

In adults, hematopoiesis takes place primarily in the red bone marrow. Extramedullary hematopoiesis can occur in the liver and spleen if there is destruction to the bone marrow.

true

What is the average temp. Of blood is ___ degrees Celcius and the average pH is ___.

38;7.35-7.45

What condition would a person have if their hematocrit was depressed?

Anemia

Growth factors promote differentiation of stem cells to precursor cells and mature cells. __________ is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by cells of the kidney in response to low oxygen levels. It stimulates the production of __________.

Erythropoietin; red blood cells

Most of the iron removed from degraded hemoglobin is excreted by the kidneys.

False

Surface antigens on red blood cells determine how much oxygen is bound to hemoglobin.

False

The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately 9-10 liters.

False

Define hematocrit. What can cause a high hematocrit?

Percentage of packed red blood cells in a blood sample. Dehydration, exposure to a hypoxic environment, polycythemia vera/overproduction of red blood cells.

Lymphoid stem cells give rise to ___________.

T cells, B cells, natural killer cells

Albumins are the most abundant plasma proteins

True

7. Identify the two components making up whole blood, and list the composition of each.

Whole blood is composed of plasma (which contains albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, electrolytes, organic nutrients, and organic wastes) and formed elements (which include platelets, white blood cells and red blood cells).

The function of red blood cells is to ___________.

carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells

All formed elements, aside from lymphocytes, arise from stem cells of the red bone marrow.

false

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

hematocrit

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the ________.

immunoglobulins

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places EXCEPT the ______________.

kidney

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is ______________.

red bone marrow

The most abundant component of plasma is __________.

water

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

whole blood